Welcome!

Today's Discussion

Dynamic simulation flowsheet, simple basic controller & dynamic simulation setup,
investigation on how the system behaves dynamically by manipulating the level controller
set point & tuning.
 Dynamic Simulation

Dynamic Simulation is the process of modeling the behavior of a system as it changes over time.
It helps in understanding how systems respond to various inputs and disturbances.
It offers detailed insights into process dynamics, control strategies, and operational procedures.
 Key steps in dynamic simulation

1. Select simulation mode: flow-driven (flowrate is fixed or known) or pressure-driven (flow depends on pressure difference)
2. Set process conditions and parameters
3. Configure valve sizing and settings: determine the appropriate valve sizes and configurations to ensure accurate simulation
4. Controller setup and tuning: set up and fine-tune the control systems and feedback loops to achieve desired performance and
stability in the dynamic simulation.
5. Run the simulation: execute the dynamic simulation, monitoring system behavior, and collecting data for analysis.
6. Analyzing Results: interpret the simulation results to assess system performance, identify potential issues, and validate the
model
Let’s recap on PID controller
MODULE 1
DYNAMIC SIMULATION
 Problem
An inlet stream with the following specifications is fed to a 4 m3 tank:
Pressure: 5 bar
Temperature: 25 °C
Mass flow rate: 5000 kg/hr
Composition: 90% water and 10% air

The outlet streams are discharged at 3 bar. Prepare a dynamic simulation

LIC
Step 1: Begin by creating a new case. Let's do it
Step 2: Add the following components
Step 3: Add the thermodynamic package
Step 4: Enter the simulation environment and add the following streams, valves & tank
Step 5: Specify the operating conditions (temperature, pressure & mass flow)
and the composition

FEED
Step 6: Go to the Dynamics tab. Confirm that only the Pressure Specification is
Active in the Dynamic Specifications frame.

FEED
Step 7: Open the material stream 3 and go to the Dynamics tab. Enter 4 bar_g for
Pressure and check the Active checkbox in the Pressure Specification frame.

STREAM 3
Step 8: Open the material stream Water and go to the Dynamics tab. Enter 3 bar_g
for Pressure and check the Active checkbox in the Pressure Specification frame.

WATER
Step 9: Open the material stream Air and go to the Dynamics tab. Enter 3 bar_g for
Pressure and check the Active checkbox in the Pressure Specification frame.

AIR
Step 10: Open the valve VLV-100 and go to the Dynamics | Specs page. Enter 75 USGPM
for Conductance (Cv) and check the checkbox for Pressure Flow Relation.
Step 11: Open the valve VLV-102 and go to the Dynamics | Specs page. Enter 55 USGPM
for Conductance (Cv) and check the checkbox for Pressure Flow Relation.
Step 12: Open the tank V-100 and go to the Dynamics | Specs page. Enter the Vessel
Volume of 4 m3 and 0 % for Liquid Volume Percent. Click the Add/Configure Level
Controller button.
Step 13: Open the added controller LIC-100 and go to the Connections tab. Confirm the
process variable and controller output are selected as shown in the screenshot below.
Step 14: Go to the Parameters | Configuration page. Select Auto for Mode and enter 50%
for SP in the Operational Parameters frame. Change the Kc and Ti to 0.5 and 5 minutes
respectively. Click the Face Plate button to view the face plate for the controller.
Step 15: Add a new PID Controller to the flowsheet from the Dynamics tab in the Model
Palette. Go to the Connections tab of this controller (double click FIC-100). Click the Select
PV button and select Feed and Mass Flow for the Object and Variable.
Step 16: Click the Select OP button and select VLV-100 and Actuator Desired Position for
the Object and Variable.
Step 16: The Connections tab should appear as the screenshot below.
 Step 17: Go to Parameters |
Configuration page. Enter 0
kg/hr and 7000 kg/hr for PV
Minimum and PV Maximum,
respectively.
Select Reverse for Action, Auto
for Mode, and enter 5000 kg/hr
for SP. Change the Kc and Ti to
0.5 and 1.0 minute, respectively.
Click the Face Plate button to
display the face plate of this
controller.
Now the flowsheet should appear as the following screenshot. FIC-100 will allow a constant flow rate
into the tank and we will use LIC-100 to control the draining of the tank.
Step 18: Go to the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. Click the Dynamics Mode button and click Yes to the
dialogue.
Step 19: The following notification popup. Click MAKE CHANGES & click FINISH
Step 20: From the Dynamics tab of the ribbon, click the Integrator button.
Step 21: Change the Acceleration to 0.50. This will allow a slower integration in order to observe the
changes in the system. Enter an End Time of 100 minutes to pause the integration after 1.6 hours
Step 22: From the Dynamics tab of the ribbon, click the Strip Charts button. In the new window, click Add
button. Then, highlight the DataLogger1 and click the Edit button. 180 logger size = 1 hr simulation. Change to
1800 logger size.
 Step 23: Click the Add button in the DataLogger1 window. Add the following variables to the strip chart:
- V-100 | Liquid Percent Level
- LIC-100 | SP
Step 24: The DataLogger1 window should appear as the screenshot below. Click the Display button to display
the chart.
Step 24: The bottom of the strip chart has the log controller bar which controls the time axis. Click and
drag the red marker to the left to expand the range of display.
 Step 24: From the Dynamics tab of the ribbon, click the Run button to initialize the dynamic system. When the
run is complete, the strip chart DataLogger1 should look like the following screenshot. The controller LIC-100
reached the set point with some overshoot and oscillation. Now you can manipulate the SP to observe the change
in the system. You can also change the PID parameter for manual tuning.
Step 25: Open the integrator from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. Change the End time to 200 minutes.
From the face plate, change the set point for LIC-100 to 75 %.
Step 26: Click the Run button from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. When the run is complete, the strip chart
should look like the following screenshot. Some overshoot and oscillations are observed.
Step 27: We can now doing manual tuning by increasing Kc = from 0.5 to 2 and introduce a change in liquid level
set point to 50%. Open the integrator from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. Change the End time to 300
minutes.
Step 28: Click the Run button from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. When the run is complete, the strip chart
should look like the following screenshot. Better response is observed.
 Step 29: Change the liquid level set point to 75%. Open the integrator from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon.
Change the End time to 400 minutes. Click the Run button from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. When the run
is complete, the strip chartshould look like the following screenshot. Better performance is observed (no oscillation,
overshoot reduces).
 Step 30: You can also do auto tuning (in LIC100 -Parameter| Autotune tab). Before click start "autotune",
change the liquid level set point to 50%. Open the integrator from the Dynamics tab of the ribbon. Change the
End time to 500 minutes. Then click autotune and make sure to click the Run button from the Dynamics tab of
the ribbon. When the run is complete, the strip chartshould look like the following screenshot.
CONCLUSION
The followings have been successfullly demonstrated:

1) Dynamic simulation flowsheet