Coki
Coki
Business Model Snapshot : The Company focuses on brand ownership, concentrate production, and global
Valuation
marketing, while bottling partners manage manufacturing, logistics, and retail execution.
CMP $80.22
Refranchising has structurally shifted the business toward an asset-light model, enhancing margins, returns,
Intrinsic Value $84.09
and scalability.
Upside 4.8%
Key Investment Highlights : Global beverage leader with diversified geographic exposure, outperforming peers with Stock Data (as on Mar 3, 2026)
higher dependence on North America.
Asset-light, franchise-based bottling model drives high ROIC and resilient free cash flows. Company Name Coca-Cola Company (The)
Strong management execution with completed refranchising and focus on emerging markets. Stock Exchange NYSE
Portfolio expansion into coffee, sports drinks, and value-added dairy supports long-term growth. ISIN US1912161007
Competitive Positioning & Moat : Coca-Cola’s unmatched global scale, distribution reach, and brand equity Tcker KO
create high barriers to entry and sustained pricing power. A geographically diversified revenue base and deep CEO James Quincey
bottler relationships enable consistent execution across developed and emerging markets, limiting peer Market Cap 345.00B USD
replication. Dividend Yiled 2.64%
P/E (TTM) 26.84x
Valuation : Our base-case valuation for Coca-Cola indicates an intrinsic value of approximately $85.70 per Basic EPS (TTM) 3.05
share, implying modest upside from current levels. This assessment is driven primarily by our DCF and dividend Shares Float 4.27B
discount analyses, reflecting the company’s resilient cash flows, strong brand equity, and stable long-term
growth. While near-term trading multiples appear conservative, we believe they understate Coca-Cola’s Fiscal Year Ending in $
structural advantages, including pricing power, global scale, and a predictable dividend profile. The company’s 2025A 2026P 2027P
defensive business model and low earnings volatility continue to support a valuation premium relative to pure Rev 47.94B 50.57B 51.64B
multiple-based approaches. Net Inc 13.10B 13.06B 11.60B
EBITDA 14.81B 15.02B 14.94B
Outlook : We expect Coca-Cola to deliver steady mid-single-digit revenue growth supported by pricing actions EPS 3.04 3.05 2.73
and brand strength across key markets. Margins should remain resilient through disciplined cost management,
while foreign-exchange and input-cost pressures may limit near-term expansion. Strong cash-flow generation
and a continued focus on shareholder returns underpin stable total returns, positioning Coca-Cola as a Dividends
defensive, income-oriented investment rather than a high-growth opportunity.
Coca-Cola is making significant moves with a $1.4 billion investment in Argentina and gearing up for its upcoming
earnings release, expected to show a 1.82% year-over-year growth. Meanwhile, concerns about potential insider trading
related to Super Bowl ad predictions are surfacing, as Pepsi ramps up competition with a new ad campaign targeting Coca-
Cola.
Market Performance: Coca-Cola's stock recently rose 1.88%, outperforming the S&P 500, showing investor confidence
ahead of its earnings release.
Regulatory Challenges: The rise of prediction markets for Super Bowl ads raises concerns about insider trading, as
employees may have advance knowledge of ad placements.
Source: Yahoo Finance
See final page for analyst certification, information sources, and important disclosures.
I am an independent, non-SEBI registered research initiative. The authors have no business relationship, compensation arrangement, or known material
conflict of interest with the company discussed at the time of publication. This document is prepared for educational and research purposes only and does
not constitute investment advice, a recommendation, or an offer to buy or sell any securities.
Control Panel for Coca-Cola Company
($ in Millions Except Per Share Data)
Revenue $38,655 $43,004 $45,754 $47,061 $47,941 $50,817 $51,885 $54,427 $56,767 $59,492
Cost of sale (enter as -) ($15,357) ($18,000) ($18,520) ($18,324) ($18,397) ($20,327) ($21,169) ($21,880) ($22,934) ($24,094)
Gross Profit $23,298 $25,004 $27,234 $28,737 $29,544 $30,490 $30,716 $32,547 $33,833 $35,398
Selling, general and administrative expenses ($12,144) ($12,880) ($13,972) ($14,582) ($14,521) ($15,753) ($15,980) ($16,655) ($17,314) ($18,145)
Other operating charges ($846) ($1,215) ($1,951) ($4,163) ($1,261) ($762) ($1,038) ($1,197) ($1,249) ($1,309)
Operating Profit (EBIT) $10,308 $10,909 $11,311 $9,992 $13,762 $13,975 $13,698 $14,695 $15,270 $15,944
Interest Income $276 $449 $907 $988 $786 $817 $1,528 $2,122 $2,816 $3,591
Interest Expense ($1,597) ($882) ($1,527) ($1,656) ($1,654) ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106)
Equity income (loss) — net $1,438 $1,472 $1,691 $1,770 $2,031 $1,438 $1,472 $1,691 $1,770 $2,031
Other income (loss) — net $2,000 ($262) $570 $1,992 $1,073 $2,000 ($262) $570 $1,992 $1,073
Income Before Income Taxes (EBT) $12,425 $11,686 $12,952 $13,086 $15,998 $16,124 $14,329 $16,972 $19,743 $20,533
Income taxes ($2,621) ($2,115) ($2,249) ($2,437) ($2,861) ($2,983) ($2,651) ($3,140) ($3,652) ($3,799)
Consolidated Net Income $9,804 $9,571 $10,703 $10,649 $13,137 $13,141 $11,678 $13,832 $16,091 $16,734
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests ($33) ($29) $11 ($18) ($30) ($20) ($20) ($20) ($20) ($20)
Net income attributable to shareowners $9,771 $9,542 $10,714 $10,631 $13,107 $13,121 $11,659 $13,812 $16,071 $16,714
Basic Shares ( mill ) 4,315 4,328 4,323 4,309 4303 4,289 4,266 4,250 4,246 4,236
Diluted Shares ( mill ) 4,340 4,350 4,339 4,320 4313 4,299 4,276 4,260 4,256 4,246
Earnings Per Share (Basic Shares) $2.26 $2.20 $2.48 $2.47 $3.05 $3.06 $2.73 $3.25 $3.78 $3.95
Earnings Per Share (Diluted Shares) $2.25 $2.19 $2.47 $2.46 $3.04 $3.05 $2.73 $3.24 $3.78 $3.94
Depreciation & Amortization $1,452 $1,260 $1,128 $1,075 $1,050 $1,114 $1,310 $1,498 $1,682 $1,863
EBITDA $11,760 $12,169 $12,439 $11,067 $14,812 $15,089 $15,008 $16,194 $16,953 $17,807
Stock based compensation $337 $356 $254 $286 $279 $296 $302 $317 $330 $346
Adjusted EBITDA $12,097 $12,525 $12,693 $11,353 $15,091 $15,384 $15,310 $16,510 $17,283 $18,153
Assets
Current Assets :
Cash and Cash Equivalents $9,684 $9,519 $9,366 $10,828 $10,270 $19,606 $24,003 $21,922 $29,503 $34,068
Short - term Investments & Marketable securities $2,941 $2,112 $4,297 $3,743 $5,536 $4,507 $3,487 $5,831 $4,882 $6,377
Total Cash, Cash Equivalents and short term Investments $12,625 $11,631 $13,663 $14,571 $15,806 $24,113 $27,490 $27,753 $34,385 $40,445
Accounts receivables $3,512 $3,487 $3,410 $3,569 $3,038 $3,811 $3,891 $4,071 $4,258 $4,462
Inventories $3,414 $4,233 $4,424 $4,728 $4,425 $4,804 $5,003 $5,157 $5,420 $5,694
Prepaid expenses & other current assets $2,994 $3,240 $5,235 $3,129 $2,433 $3,500 $3,448 $3,459 $3,464 $3,499
Assets held for sale $0 $0 $0 $0 $5,342 $5,342 $5,342 $5,342 $5,342 $5,342
Total Current Assets $22,545 $22,591 $26,732 $25,997 $31,044 $41,570 $45,175 $45,782 $52,869 $59,441
Non-Current Assets :
Equity method investments $17,598 $18,264 $19,671 $18,087 $20,235 $18,439 $16,643 $14,846 $13,050 $11,254
Property, plant and equipment $9,920 $9,841 $9,236 $10,303 $9,613 $10,024 $10,270 $10,404 $10,425 $10,347
Goodwill $19,363 $18,782 $18,358 $18,139 $15,491 $15,491 $15,491 $15,491 $15,491 $15,491
Trademarks with indefinite lives $14,465 $14,214 $14,349 $13,301 $12,531 $12,531 $12,531 $12,531 $12,531 $12,531
Other non-current asset $8,334 $7,325 $7,796 $13,403 $14,696 $14,292 $13,888 $13,484 $13,080 $12,676
Deferred income tax assets $2,129 $1,746 $1,561 $1,319 $1,206 $1,206 $1,206 $1,206 $1,206 $1,206
Total Non-Current Assets $71,809 $70,172 $70,971 $74,552 $73,772 $71,982 $70,028 $67,962 $65,783 $63,505
Total Assets $94,354 $92,763 $97,703 $1,00,549 $1,04,816 $1,13,553 $1,15,203 $1,13,744 $1,18,651 $1,22,946
Non-Current Liabilites :
Long term debt $38,116 $36,377 $35,547 $42,375 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119
Other non-current liabilities $8,607 $7,922 $8,466 $4,084 $4,735 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763
Deferred Income tax liabilities $2,821 $2,914 $2,639 $2,469 $2,406 $2,406 $2,406 $2,406 $2,406 $2,406
Total Non-Current Liabilites $49,544 $47,213 $46,652 $48,928 $49,260 $51,288 $51,288 $51,288 $51,288 $51,288
Shareholders Equity :
Common stock $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760 $1,760
Capital Structure $18,116 $18,822 $19,209 $19,801 $20,581 $21,209 $21,821 $22,389 $22,963 $23,502
Retained earnings $69,094 $71,019 $73,782 $76,054 $80,382 $83,584 $86,471 $89,846 $93,732 $97,775
Other comprehensive income ($14,330) ($14,895) ($14,275) ($16,843) ($14,131) ($14,131) ($14,131) ($14,131) ($14,131) ($14,131)
Treasury Stock ($51,641) ($52,601) ($54,535) ($55,916) ($56,423) ($57,841) ($60,130) ($61,925) ($62,671) ($64,089)
Equity attributable to shareowners $22,999 $24,105 $25,941 $24,856 $32,169 $34,581 $35,791 $37,939 $41,653 $44,817
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests $1,861 $1,721 $1,539 $1,516 $2,106 $2,106 $2,106 $2,106 $2,106 $2,106
Total Share Holders Equity $24,860 $25,826 $27,480 $26,372 $34,275 $36,687 $37,897 $40,045 $43,759 $46,923
Total Liabilities & Equity $94,354 $92,763 $97,703 $1,00,549 $1,04,816 $1,13,553 $1,15,203 $1,13,744 $1,18,651 $1,22,946
Balance Check OK! OK! OK! OK! OK! OK! OK! OK! OK! OK!
Cash Flow Statement for Coca-Cola Company
(in $ Millions, unless specified)
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
Fiscal Year End Date 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of year $7,110 $10,025 $9,825 $9,692 $11,488 $11,010 $20,346 $24,743 $22,662 $30,243
Net income $9,804 $9,571 $10,703 $10,649 $13,137 $13,141 $11,678 $13,832 $16,091 $16,734
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation & amortization $1,452 $1,260 $1,128 $1,075 $1,050 $1,114 $1,310 $1,498 $1,682 $1,863
Stock based compensation $337 $356 $254 $286 $279 $296 $302 $317 $330 $346
Other Non-Cash Adjustments ($293) $436 $360 $1,029 $150 $163 $163 $163 $163 $163
Net change in operating assets and liabilities $1,325 ($605) ($846) ($6,234) ($7,208) $3,893 $103 $438 $563 $404
Operating Activities $12,625 $11,018 $11,599 $6,805 $7,408 $18,606 $13,557 $16,249 $18,829 $19,510
Purchases of investments ($6,030) ($3,751) ($6,698) ($5,640) ($6,160) ($6,030) ($3,751) ($6,698) ($5,640) ($6,160)
Proceeds from disposals of investments $7,059 $4,771 $4,354 $6,589 $4,665 $7,059 $4,771 $4,354 $6,589 $4,665
Acquisitions of businesses, equity method investments and nonmarketable securities ($4,766) ($73) ($62) ($315) ($461) ($228) ($228) ($228) ($228) ($228)
Proceeds from disposals of businesses, equity method investments and nonmarketable securities $2,180 $458 $430 $3,485 $3,567 $2,024 $2,024 $2,024 $2,024 $2,024
Net Purchases of property, plant and equipment ($1,259) ($1,409) ($1,778) ($2,024) ($2,099) ($1,525) ($1,557) ($1,633) ($1,703) ($1,785)
Collateral (paid) received associated with hedging activities — net $0 ($1,465) $366 $235 $330 $310 $310 $310 $310 $310
Other investing activities $51 $706 $39 $194 $91 $94 $94 $94 $94 $94
Collateral (paid) received associated with hedging activities — net & Other investing activities $51 ($759) $405 $429 $421 $404 $404 $404 $404 $404
Investing Activities ($2,765) ($763) ($3,349) $2,524 ($67) $1,705 $1,664 ($1,776) $1,446 ($1,079)
Net debt issuance / (repayment) $228 ($958) $1,857 $2,528 $13 $50 ($54) ($4,553) $13 $50
Issuances of stock $702 $837 $539 $747 $313 $628 $613 $568 $574 $539
Share repurchases ($111) ($1,418) ($2,289) ($1,795) ($746) ($1,418) ($2,289) ($1,795) ($746) ($1,418)
Dividends paid ($7,252) ($7,616) ($7,952) ($8,359) ($8,779) ($10,235) ($9,094) ($10,774) ($12,535) ($13,037)
Other financing activities ($353) ($1,095) ($465) ($31) ($279)
Proceeds from sale of a noncontrolling interest 0 0 0 0 1338
Financing Activities ($6,786) ($10,250) ($8,310) ($6,910) ($8,140) ($10,975) ($10,824) ($16,554) ($12,695) ($13,866)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents at End of Year $10,025 $9,825 $9,692 $11,488 $11,010 $20,346 $24,743 $22,662 $30,243 $34,808
Less: Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents ($341) ($306) ($326) ($660) ($740) ($740) ($740) ($740) ($740) ($740)
Cash and Cash Equivalents $9,684 $9,519 $9,366 $10,828 $10,270 $19,606 $24,003 $21,922 $29,503 $34,068
Schedules for Coca-Cola Company
($ in Millions Except Per Share Data)
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
EOP 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
BOP 01-01-21 01-01-22 01-01-23 01-01-24 01-01-25 01-01-26 01-01-27 01-01-28 01-01-29 01-01-30
Days 365 365 365 366 365 365 365 366 365 365
SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic Shares (M) 4,315 4,328 4,323 4,309 4,303 4,289 4,266 4,250 4,246 4,236
Dilutive Shares (M) 4,340 4,350 4,339 4,320 4,313 4,299 4,276 4,260 4,256 4,246
Depreciation Schedule
PP&E Opening Balance, Net $9,920 $9,841 $9,236 $10,303 $9,613 $10,024 $10,270 $10,404 $10,425
Plus: Capex $1,259 $1,409 $1,778 $2,024 $2,099 $1,525 $1,557 $1,633 $1,703 $1,785
PP&E Closing Balance, Net $9,920 $9,841 $9,236 $10,303 $9,613 $10,024 $10,270 $10,404 $10,425 $10,347
Current Assets
Inventories $3,414 $4,233 $4,424 $4,728 $4,425 $4,804 $5,003 $5,157 $5,420 $5,694
Inventory Turnover days 78 85 91 91 86 86 86 86 86
Accounts Receivables $3,512 $3,487 $3,410 $3,569 $3,038 $3,811 $3,891 $4,071 $4,258 $4,462
Days payable 30 28 27 25 27 27 27 27 27
Prepaid Expenses & Other Current Assets $2,994 $3,240 $5,235 $3,129 $2,433 $3,663 $3,775 $3,949 $4,117 $4,315
Days Prepaid 81 97 82 64 81 81 81 81 81
Total Current Assets $9,920 $10,960 $13,069 $11,426 $9,896 $12,278 $12,669 $13,176 $13,795 $14,471
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accured expenses $14,619 $15,749 $15,485 $21,715 $14,813 $18,090 $18,750 $19,455 $20,375 $21,382
Days payable 173 165 184 195 179 179 179 179 179
Accrued income taxes $686 $1,203 $1,569 $1,387 $525 $1,495 $1,329 $1,570 $1,831 $1,904
Days payable 163 225 222 122 183 183 183 183 183
Other noncurrent liablities $8,607 $7,922 $8,466 $4,084 $4,735 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763 $6,763
Total Current Liabilities $23,912 $24,874 $25,520 $27,186 $20,073 $26,348 $26,842 $27,788 $28,969 $30,049
Total Operating Working Capital ($13,992) ($13,914) ($12,451) ($15,760) ($10,177) ($14,070) ($14,173) ($14,611) ($15,174) ($15,578)
Change in total operating working capital ($3,893) ($103) ($438) ($563) ($404)
Debt Schedule
Cash Available to pay down debt
Cash at beginning of year $10,270 $30,581 $45,802 $60,275 $80,550
Cash flow before debt paydown $20,311 $15,221 $14,472 $20,275 $18,431
Minimum cash cushion ($10,000) ($10,000) ($10,000) ($10,000) ($10,000)
Total cash available to pay down debt $20,581 $35,802 $50,275 $70,550 $88,981
Revolver
Short term debt (beginning of year) $3,373 $3,373 $3,373 $3,373 $3,373
Mandatory issuances / (retirements) - - - - -
Non-mandatory issuances / (retirements)
Short term debt (end of year) $3,373 $3,373 $3,373 $3,373 $3,373 $3,373
Short term interest expense ($187) ($187) ($187) ($187) ($187)
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Long term debt
Long term debt (beginning of year) $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119
Mandatory issuances / (retirements) - - - - -
Non-mandatory issuances / (retirements)
Long term debt (end of year) $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119 $42,119
Long term interest expense ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106) ($2,106)
$0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total issuances / (retirements) - - - - -
Total interest expense ($2,293) ($2,293) ($2,293) ($2,293) ($2,293)
Cash at the end of the year $10,270 $30,581 $45,802 $60,275 $80,550 $98,981
Interest income $817 $1,528 $2,122 $2,816 $3,591
4% 4% 4% 4% 4%
NOPAT
EBIT $10,308 $10,909 $11,311 $9,992 $13,762 $13,975 $13,698 $14,695 $15,270 $15,944
Tax Rate 21.1% 18.1% 17.4% 18.6% 17.9% 18.5% 18.5% 18.5% 18.5% 18.5%
NOPAT $8,134 $8,935 $9,347 $8,131 $11,301 $11,389 $11,163 $11,977 $12,445 $12,994
Invested Capital
Total Debt $42,761 $39,149 $42,064 $44,522 $45,492 $45,542 $45,488 $40,935 $40,948 $40,998
Total Equity $24,860 $25,826 $27,480 $26,372 $34,275 $36,687 $37,897 $40,045 $43,759 $46,923
Cash & Cash Equivalents $12,625 $11,631 $13,663 $14,571 $15,806 $24,113 $27,490 $27,753 $34,385 $40,445
Invested Capital $54,996 $53,344 $55,881 $56,323 $63,961 $58,116 $55,895 $53,227 $50,322 $47,476
Scenario Analysis for Coca-Cola Company
Active case: Base Case Variance from 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
base case 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Revenue growth NM 6.0% 2.1% 4.9% 4.3% 4.8%
Gross profit margin NM 60.0% 59.2% 59.8% 59.6% 59.5%
SG&A % of sales NM 31.0% 30.8% 30.6% 30.5% 30.5%
Revenue growth
Best case 2.0% 8.0% 4.1% 6.9% 6.3% 6.8%
Base case NM 6.0% 2.1% 4.9% 4.3% 4.8%
Weak case (1.5%) 4.5% 0.6% 3.4% 2.8% 3.3%
Gross profit margin
Best case 0.5% 60.5% 59.7% 60.3% 60.1% 60.0%
Base case NM 60.0% 59.2% 59.8% 59.6% 59.5%
Weak case (1.0%) 59.0% 58.2% 58.8% 58.6% 58.5%
SG&A % of sales
Best case (0.4%) 30.6% 30.4% 30.2% 30.1% 30.1%
Base case NM 31.0% 30.8% 30.6% 30.5% 30.5%
Weak case 0.6% 31.6% 31.4% 31.2% 31.1% 31.1%
Ratio Analysis for Coca-Cola Company
($ in Millions Except Per Share Data)
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
Fiscal Year End Date 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Growth Ratios
Revenue Growth (%) 11.3% 6.4% 2.9% 1.9% 6.0% 2.1% 4.9% 4.3% 4.8%
EPS Growth (Diluted) (%) (2.6%) 12.6% (0.3%) 23.5% 0.4% (10.7%) 18.9% 16.5% 4.2%
Dividend Growth (%) 5.0% 4.4% 5.1% 5.0% 16.6% (11.1%) 18.5% 16.4% 4.0%
EBITDA Growth (%) 3.5% 2.2% (11.0%) 33.8% 1.9% (0.5%) 7.9% 4.7% 5.0%
Net Income Growth (%) (2.3%) 12.3% (0.8%) 23.3% 0.1% (11.1%) 18.5% 16.4% 4.0%
Return Ratios
Return on Invested Capital ROIC (%) 16.5% 17.1% 14.5% 18.8% 18.7% 19.6% 22.0% 24.0% 26.6%
Return on Equity ROE (%) 37.7% 40.2% 39.5% 43.2% 37.0% 31.3% 35.4% 38.4% 36.9%
Cash Flow
CFO/Net Income 1.29x 1.15x 1.08x 0.64x 0.57x 1.42x 1.16x 1.18x 1.17x 1.17x
Free Cash Flow Margin (%) 35.9% 28.9% 29.2% 18.8% 19.8% 39.6% 29.1% 32.9% 36.2% 35.8%
FCF Conversion (FCF / EBITDA) 0.97x 0.79x 0.79x 0.43x 0.36x 1.13x 0.80x 0.90x 1.01x 1.00x
Capex as % of Revenue 3.3% 3.3% 3.9% 4.3% 4.4% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
Depreciation & Amortization as % of Revenue 3.8% 2.9% 2.5% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 2.5% 2.8% 3.0% 3.1%
Change in Working Capital as % of Change in Revenue 3.4% (1.4%) (1.8%) (13.2%) (15.0%) 7.7% 0.2% 0.8% 1.0% 0.7%
Liquidity Ratios
Current Ratio 1.13x 1.15x 1.13x 1.03x 1.46x 1.63x 1.74x 2.04x 2.24x 2.40x
Quick Ratio (Acid-Test) 0.81x 0.77x 0.72x 0.72x 0.89x 1.09x 1.21x 1.42x 1.64x 1.82x
Cash Ratio 0.63x 0.59x 0.58x 0.58x 0.74x 0.94x 1.06x 1.24x 1.46x 1.64x
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
Fiscal Year End Date 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Revenue 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of sale (enter as -) (39.7%) (41.9%) (40.5%) (38.9%) (38.4%) (40.0%) (40.8%) (40.2%) (40.4%) (40.5%)
Gross Profit 60.3% 58.1% 59.5% 61.1% 61.6% 60.0% 59.2% 59.8% 59.6% 59.5%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (31.4%) (30.0%) (30.5%) (31.0%) (30.3%) (31.0%) (30.8%) (30.6%) (30.5%) (30.5%)
Other operating charges (2.2%) (2.8%) (4.3%) (8.8%) (2.6%) (1.5%) (2.0%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.2%)
Operating Profit (EBIT) 26.7% 25.4% 24.7% 21.2% 28.7% 27.5% 26.4% 27.0% 26.9% 26.8%
Interest Income 0.7% 1.0% 2.0% 2.1% 1.6% 1.6% 2.9% 3.9% 5.0% 6.0%
Interest Expense (4.1%) (2.1%) (3.3%) (3.5%) (3.5%) (4.1%) (4.1%) (3.9%) (3.7%) (3.5%)
Equity income (loss) — net 3.7% 3.4% 3.7% 3.8% 4.2% 2.8% 2.8% 3.1% 3.1% 3.4%
Other income (loss) — net 5.2% (0.6%) 1.2% 4.2% 2.2% 3.9% (0.5%) 1.0% 3.5% 1.8%
Income Before Income Taxes (EBT) 32.1% 27.2% 28.3% 27.8% 33.4% 31.7% 27.6% 31.2% 34.8% 34.5%
wvg (6.8%) (4.9%) (4.9%) (5.2%) (6.0%) (5.9%) (5.1%) (5.8%) (6.4%) (6.4%)
Consolidated Net Income 25.4% 22.3% 23.4% 22.6% 27.4% 25.9% 22.5% 25.4% 28.3% 28.1%
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (0.1%) (0.1%) 0.0% (0.0%) (0.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%)
Net income attributable to shareowners 25.3% 22.2% 23.4% 22.6% 27.3% 25.8% 22.5% 25.4% 28.3% 28.1%
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
Fiscal Year End Date 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Assets
Current Assets :
Cash and Cash Equivalents 10.3% 10.3% 9.6% 10.8% 9.8% 17.3% 20.8% 19.3% 24.9% 27.7%
Short - term Investments & Marketable securities 3.1% 2.3% 4.4% 3.7% 5.3% 4.0% 3.0% 5.1% 4.1% 5.2%
Total Cash, Cash Equivalents and short term Investments 13.4% 12.5% 14.0% 14.5% 15.1% 21.2% 23.9% 24.4% 29.0% 32.9%
Accounts receivables 3.7% 3.8% 3.5% 3.5% 2.9% 3.4% 3.4% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6%
Inventories 3.6% 4.6% 4.5% 4.7% 4.2% 4.2% 4.3% 4.5% 4.6% 4.6%
Prepaid expenses & other current assets 3.2% 3.5% 5.4% 3.1% 2.3% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 2.8%
Assets held for sale 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 4.7% 4.6% 4.7% 4.5% 4.3%
Total Current Assets 23.9% 24.4% 27.4% 25.9% 29.6% 36.6% 39.2% 40.2% 44.6% 48.3%
Non-Current Assets :
Equity method investments 18.7% 19.7% 20.1% 18.0% 19.3% 16.2% 14.4% 13.1% 11.0% 9.2%
Property, plant and equipment 10.5% 10.6% 9.5% 10.2% 9.2% 8.8% 8.9% 9.1% 8.8% 8.4%
Goodwill 20.5% 20.2% 18.8% 18.0% 14.8% 13.6% 13.4% 13.6% 13.1% 12.6%
Trademarks with indefinite lives 15.3% 15.3% 14.7% 13.2% 12.0% 11.0% 10.9% 11.0% 10.6% 10.2%
Other non-current asset 8.8% 7.9% 8.0% 13.3% 14.0% 12.6% 12.1% 11.9% 11.0% 10.3%
Deferred income tax assets 2.3% 1.9% 1.6% 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0%
Total Non-Current Assets 76.1% 75.6% 72.6% 74.1% 70.4% 63.4% 60.8% 59.8% 55.4% 51.7%
Total Assets 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Current Liabilities :
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 15.5% 17.0% 15.8% 21.6% 14.1% 15.9% 16.3% 17.1% 17.2% 17.4%
Loans and notes payable & Current maturities of Long-term debt 4.9% 3.0% 6.7% 2.1% 3.2% 3.0% 2.9% (1.0%) (1.0%) (0.9%)
Accrued income taxes 0.7% 1.3% 1.6% 1.4% 0.5% 1.3% 1.2% 1.4% 1.5% 1.5%
Liabilities held for sale 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% 2.3% 2.2% 2.3% 2.2% 2.1%
Total Current Liabilities 21.1% 21.3% 24.1% 25.1% 20.3% 22.5% 22.6% 19.7% 19.9% 20.1%
Non-Current Liabilites :
Long term debt 40.4% 39.2% 36.4% 42.1% 40.2% 37.1% 36.6% 37.0% 35.5% 34.3%
Other non-current liabilities 9.1% 8.5% 8.7% 4.1% 4.5% 6.0% 5.9% 5.9% 5.7% 5.5%
Deferred Income tax liabilities 3.0% 3.1% 2.7% 2.5% 2.3% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.0% 2.0%
Total Non-Current Liabilites 52.5% 50.9% 47.7% 48.7% 47.0% 45.2% 44.5% 45.1% 43.2% 41.7%
Shareholders Equity :
Common stock 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.7% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4%
Capital Structure 19.2% 20.3% 19.7% 19.7% 19.6% 18.7% 18.9% 19.7% 19.4% 19.1%
Retained earnings 73.2% 76.6% 75.5% 75.6% 76.7% 73.6% 75.1% 79.0% 79.0% 79.5%
Other comprehensive income (15.2%) (16.1%) (14.6%) (16.8%) (13.5%) (12.4%) (12.3%) (12.4%) (11.9%) (11.5%)
Treasury Stock (54.7%) (56.7%) (55.8%) (55.6%) (53.8%) (50.9%) (52.2%) (54.4%) (52.8%) (52.1%)
Equity attributable to shareowners 24.4% 26.0% 26.6% 24.7% 30.7% 30.5% 31.1% 33.4% 35.1% 36.5%
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 2.0% 1.9% 1.6% 1.5% 2.0% 1.9% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 1.7%
Total Share Holders Equity 26.3% 27.8% 28.1% 26.2% 32.7% 32.3% 32.9% 35.2% 36.9% 38.2%
Total Liabilities & Equity 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Cash Flow Statement for Coca-Cola Company
Historical Projected
Fiscal Year 2021A 2022A 2023A 2024A 2025A 2026P 2027P 2028P 2029P 2030P
Fiscal Year End Date 31-12-21 31-12-22 31-12-23 31-12-24 31-12-25 31-12-26 31-12-27 31-12-28 31-12-29 31-12-30
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of year 18.4% 23.3% 21.5% 20.6% 24.0% 21.7% 39.2% 45.5% 39.9% 50.8%
Net income 25.4% 22.3% 23.4% 22.6% 27.4% 25.9% 22.5% 25.4% 28.3% 28.1%
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation & amortization 3.8% 2.9% 2.5% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 2.5% 2.8% 3.0% 3.1%
Stock based compensation 0.9% 0.8% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6%
Other Non-Cash Adjustments (0.8%) 1.0% 0.8% 2.2% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3%
Net change in operating assets and liabilities 3.4% (1.4%) (1.8%) (13.2%) (15.0%) 7.7% 0.2% 0.8% 1.0% 0.7%
Operating Activities 32.7% 25.6% 25.4% 14.5% 15.5% 36.6% 26.1% 29.9% 33.2% 32.8%
Purchases of investments (15.6%) (8.7%) (14.6%) (12.0%) (12.8%) (11.9%) (7.2%) (12.3%) (9.9%) (10.4%)
Proceeds from disposals of investments 18.3% 11.1% 9.5% 14.0% 9.7% 13.9% 9.2% 8.0% 11.6% 7.8%
Acquisitions of businesses, equity method investments and nonmarketable securities (12.3%) (0.2%) (0.1%) (0.7%) (1.0%) (0.4%) (0.4%) (0.4%) (0.4%) (0.4%)
Proceeds from disposals of businesses, equity method investments and nonmarketable securities 5.6% 1.1% 0.9% 7.4% 7.4% 4.0% 3.9% 3.7% 3.6% 3.4%
Net Purchases of property, plant and equipment (3.3%) (3.3%) (3.9%) (4.3%) (4.4%) (3.0%) (3.0%) (3.0%) (3.0%) (3.0%)
Collateral (paid) received associated with hedging activities — net 0.0% (3.4%) 0.8% 0.5% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5%
Other investing activities 0.1% 1.6% 0.1% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%
Collateral (paid) received associated with hedging activities — net & Other investing activities 0.1% (1.8%) 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7%
Investing Activities (7.2%) (1.8%) (7.3%) 5.4% (0.1%) 3.4% 3.2% (3.3%) 2.5% (1.8%)
Net debt issuance / (repayment) 0.6% (2.2%) 4.1% 5.4% 0.0% 0.1% (0.1%) (8.4%) 0.0% 0.1%
Issuances of stock 1.8% 1.9% 1.2% 1.6% 0.7% 1.2% 1.2% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9%
Share repurchases (0.3%) (3.3%) (5.0%) (3.8%) (1.6%) (2.8%) (4.4%) (3.3%) (1.3%) (2.4%)
Dividends paid (18.8%) (17.7%) (17.4%) (17.8%) (18.3%) (20.1%) (17.5%) (19.8%) (22.1%) (21.9%)
Other financing activities (0.9%) (2.5%) (1.0%) (0.1%) (0.6%) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Proceeds from sale of a noncontrolling interest 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Financing Activities (17.6%) (23.8%) (18.2%) (14.7%) (17.0%) (21.6%) (20.9%) (30.4%) (22.4%) (23.3%)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents at End of Year 25.9% 22.8% 21.2% 24.4% 23.0% 40.0% 47.7% 41.6% 53.3% 58.5%
Less: Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents (0.9%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (1.4%) (1.5%) (1.5%) (1.4%) (1.4%) (1.3%) (1.2%)
Cash and Cash Equivalents 25.1% 22.1% 20.5% 23.0% 21.4% 38.6% 46.3% 40.3% 52.0% 57.3%
WACC for Coca-Cola Company
Most recent fiscal year end 31-12-25 Discount Rate (WACC) 6.15%
End of first fiscal year 31-12-26 Share Price (Public Co) $80.22
Most recent quarter end date 31-12-25 Share Price Date 28-02-25
Valuation date 07-03-26 Midyear Convention 1
Portion of year 1 cashflows in forecast 81.7%
Unlevered Free Cash Flows (UFCF) $14,871 $11,021 $12,281 $12,987 $13,476
Net working capital (WC Assets - WC Liabilites) ($10,177) ($14,070) ($14,173) ($14,611) ($15,174) ($15,578)
as a % of revenue 29.3% 27.9% 28.2% 27.9% 27.4%
Terminal value - growth in perpetuity approach Terminal value - EBITDA multiple approach
long term growth rate 3.0% Terminal year EBITDA $17,807
2030 FCF x (1+g) $13,881 EBITDA multiple 21x
Terminal value in 2030 $4,41,018 Terminal value in 2024 $3,73,938
Present value of terminal value $3,40,813 Present value of terminal value $2,88,975
Present value of stage 1 cash flows $53,801 Present value of stage 1 cash flows $53,801
Total enterprice value (TEV) $3,94,615 Enterprise value (stage 1 + 2) $3,42,776
Valuation
Perpetuity EBITDA
Enterprise value $3,94,615 $3,42,776
Net debt $31,792 $31,792
Equity value $3,62,823 $3,10,984
Share outstanding $4,315 $4,315
Equity value per share $84.09 $72.07
Data Table
Equity Value Per Share
Exit EBITDA Multiple
$72.07 20.0x 20.5x 21.0x 21.5x 22.0x
6.6% $67.47 $69.03 $70.59 $72.16 $73.72
6.4% $68.17 $69.75 $71.33 $72.91 $74.49
WACC: 6.1% $68.89 $70.48 $72.07 $73.67 $75.26
5.9% $69.61 $71.22 $72.83 $74.44 $76.05
5.6% $70.34 $71.96 $73.59 $75.22 $76.85
Divdend Discount Model for Coca-Cola Company
($ in Millions Except Per Share Data)
Terminal value
Stage 2 terminal growth rate 3.0%
2030 DPS x (1+g) $2.62
Terminal value in 2030 $76.90
Present value of terminal value $58.81
SHARES DATA
Basic shares outstanding 4,301.61 1,358.58 977.021 93.632 1,367.340
Options exercisable
Tranche 1 22.0 0 3.036 0.174 5.369
Tranche 2 5.108
Tranche 3 3.400
Tranche 4 0.042
Tranche 5 1.088
Tranche 6 1.049
Tranche 7 0.009
Tranche 8 0.430
Tranche 9 0.007
22.0 0 14.169 0.174 5.369
Exercise price
Tranche 1 $50.43 $0 $22.02 $26.72 $119.78
Tranche 2 $26.63
Tranche 3 $30.35
Tranche 4 $32.37
Tranche 5 $36.62
Tranche 6 $44.36
Tranche 7 $48.90
Tranche 8 $50.82
Tranche 9 $55.56
FINANCIALS
Non-GAAP exclusions
Excluded operating expense / (income) $4,093 $1,383 $173 $0 $1,811
Excluded nonoperating expense / (income) $2,247 $1,485 $173 $0 $308
Tax effect of non-GAAP exclusions $415 $294 $41 $0 $451
Net Income Effect $1,832 $1,191 $133 $0 $1,668
Non-GAAP exclusions
Excluded operating expense / (income) $204 $272 $88 $0 $2,896
Excluded nonoperating expense / (income) $122 $339 - $0 $211
Tax effect of non-GAAP exclusions $509 $86 - $0 $546
Net Income Effect ($394) $253 $68 $0 $2,375
LATEST FISCAL YEAR QUARTERS MINUS 1 YEAR KO KDP MNST FIZZ PEP
27-09-2024 30-09-2024 30-09-2024 26-10-2024 07-09-2024
Revenues $35,517 $11,281 $5,681 $621 $64,070
COGS (enter as -) ($13,711) ($5,029) ($2,634) ($389) ($28,563)
Gross Profit $21,806 $6,252 $3,046 $232 $35,507
SG&A/Other operating expenses (enter as -) ($14,523) ($3,724) ($1,497) ($104) ($24,870)
Operating income (EBIT) $7,283 $2,528 $1,549 $127 $10,637
Nonoperating income / (expense) $2,997 ($460) $54 $6 ($500)
Pretax income $10,280 $2,068 $1,603 $133 $10,137
Tax benefit / (expense) ($1,844) ($483) ($365) ($31) ($2,045)
Consolidated Net Income $8,436 $1,585 $1,238 $102 $8,092
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests $0 $0 $0 $0 ($37)
Net income attributable to shareowners $8,436 $1,585 $1,238 $102 $8,055
Diluted weighted average shares out. 4321.00 1370.40 1023.91 93.68 1379.00
Non-GAAP exclusions
Excluded operating expense / (income) $4,068 $317 $69 $0 $599
Excluded nonoperating expense / (income) $2,137 $338 - $0 $42
Tax effect of non-GAAP exclusions $491 $81 - $0 $142
Net Income Effect $1,646 $257 $52 $0 $498
FORECASTS
MULTIPLES
Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year 1 Forecast - Calendar Year Year 2 Forecast - Calendar Year
Market capitalization Enterprise value Diluted shares
Name Ticker (mm) (EV) Revenues EBITDA EBIT EPS Revenues EPS Revenues EPS Net debt outstanding
Place target in first position
Coca-Cola Company KO $3,16,869 $3,50,524 $47,663 $15,949 $14,859 $2.97 $47,941 $2.99 $50,817 $3.21 $33,655 4,315
Keurig Dr Pepper KDP $36,772 $52,072 $16,174 $4,698 $4,095 $2.03 $16,460 $2.04 $17,200 $2.16 $15,300 1,371
Monster Beverage MNST $79,063 $76,484 $7,975 $2,553 $2,450 $1.91 $8,120 $1.99 $8,990 $2.26 -$2,579 988
NATIONAL BEVERAGE FIZZ $3,185 $2,915 $1,200 $258 $237 $1.99 $1,200 $2.02 $1,207 $2.05 -$269 94
PepsiCo PEP $2,04,254 $2,46,597 $92,366 $17,656 $14,299 $7.84 $93,490 $8.11 $97,196 $8.55 $42,343 1,374
Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year 1 Forecast - Calendar Year Year 2 Forecast - Calendar Year
Name Ticker EV / Revenues EV / EBITDA EV / EBIT P/E EV / Revenues P/E EV / Revenues P/E
Coca-Cola Company KO 7.4x 22.0x 23.6x 24.7x 7.3x 24.6x 6.9x 22.9x
Keurig Dr Pepper KDP 3.2x 11.1x 12.7x 13.2x 3.2x 13.1x 3.0x 12.4x
Monster Beverage MNST 9.6x 30.0x 31.2x 41.9x 9.4x 40.2x 8.5x 35.4x
NATIONAL BEVERAGE FIZZ 2.4x 11.3x 12.3x 17.1x 2.4x 16.8x 2.4x 16.6x
PepsiCo PEP 2.7x 14.0x 17.2x 19.0x 2.6x 18.3x 2.5x 17.4x
Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year 1 Forecast - Calendar Year Year 2 Forecast - Calendar Year
Median
Enterprise value $1,53,451 $2,22,756 $2,56,255 $2,76,900 $1,51,664 $2,70,108 $1,53,847 $2,74,434
Net debt $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655
Equity value $1,19,796 $1,89,101 $2,22,600 $2,43,245 $1,18,009 $2,36,453 $1,20,192 $2,40,779
Shares outstanding 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315
Share price $27.76 $43.82 $51.58 $56.37 $27.35 $54.79 $27.85 $55.80
High
Enterprise value $4,57,089 $4,77,809 $4,63,800 $5,71,386 $4,51,564 $5,52,676 $4,32,336 $5,24,296
Net debt $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655
Equity value $4,23,434 $4,44,154 $4,30,145 $5,37,731 $4,17,909 $5,19,021 $3,98,681 $4,90,641
Shares outstanding 4,315 4,315.2 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315
Share price $98.13 $102.93 $99.68 $124.61 $96.84 $120.28 $92.39 $113.70
Low
Enterprise value $1,15,845 $1,76,777 $1,82,865 $2,02,966 $1,16,430 $67,310 $1,22,784 $2,05,650
Net debt $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655 $33,655
Equity value $82,190 $1,43,122 $1,49,210 $1,69,311 $82,775 $1,69,631 $89,129 $1,71,995
Shares outstanding 4,315 4,315.2 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315 4,315
Share price $19.05 $33.17 $34.58 $39.24 $19.18 $39.31 $20.65 $39.86
AP Equity Research
Financial Model Analyst, Prince Verma
& Valuation princevermadsc23@[Link]
Important Disclosure
This financial model and valuation analysis of Coa-Cola Company (The) . has been prepared solely for academic, educational, and illustrative purposes. The
analysis is based on publicly available information obtained from sources believed to be reliable; however, no representation or warranty, express or implied, is
made as to the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of such information.
The assumptions, projections, forecasts, and valuation outcomes contained herein are inherently subject to uncertainty and are based on the author’s judgment
at the time of preparation. Actual results may differ materially due to changes in economic conditions, company-specific factors, market dynamics, regulatory
developments, or other unforeseen events.
This material does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, legal advice, accounting advice, or tax advice. It is not intended to be, and should not be
construed as, an offer, solicitation, recommendation, or inducement to buy, sell, or hold any security or financial instrument.
The author is not registered as a research analyst or investment advisor with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) or any other regulatory authority.
Readers are advised to conduct their own independent analysis and consult qualified financial professionals before making any investment decisions.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Valuation outputs derived from discounted cash flow (DCF) models and other methodologies are highly
sensitive to underlying assumptions and should be interpreted accordingly.
Analyst Certification
I hereby certify that the views expressed in this financial model and valuation analysis accurately reflect my personal academic views regarding Coca-Cola
Company (The), and that no part of my compensation was, is, or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific views or valuation conclusions expressed
herein.
apequityresearchvaluation@[Link]