Mathematics 7A
02/08/2021
Negative numbers and addition, subtracting negative numbers, some ways
we use negative numbers, laws of arithmetic and inverse operations and
order of operations.
➢ Negative numbers and addition
The addition of integers can be done on number line.
❖To add a positive integer:
move to the right (positif
direction)
❖To add a negative integer:
move to the left (negative direction)
❑ Integers with the same signs are
called integer with like signs.
Example: 8 and 10
-6 and -4
❑Integers with different signs are
called integers with unlike signs.
Example: +8 and -10
6 and -2
Example: Exercise:
✓ 7+(-3)=4 ✓ 7+(-11)=
=7-3=4 ✓ 5+(-10)=
✓ -2+(-3)=-5 ✓ -16+(-10)=
-10+(-5)=-15 ✓ -26+(-99)=
✓ -6+3=-3 ✓ -10+12=
or 3-6=-3 ✓ -30+14=
➢ Subtracting Negative Numbers
Example:
❑ To subtract a positive ✓ 10-5=5
integer:move to the left ✓ 7-15=-8
(negative direction) along
the number line. ✓ 4-(-1)= 4+1= 5
❑ To subtract a negative ✓ 8-(-5)=8+5=13
integer: move to the right ✓ -4-(-2)=-4+2=-2
(positive direction) along
the number line.
➢ Some ways we use negative numbers
❑ Time Zone
❑ Time The time in a Time Zone is based on the Greenwich
The time when something is due to happen. Mean Time in England, which is respresent as
“zero” on a number line.
Example: the lunching of space ship, is often
The + (plus) hours on the right means the Time
called time zero.
later and the – (minus) hours on the left means the
Times before zero are counted as negative, Time earlier.
times after it are counted as positive. ❑ Temperature
❑ Sea Level Tells us how hot or cold. It is measure using a
Sea level is at zero metres. Height above sea thermometer.
level are positive and depth below sea level ❑ Money
as negative. Credit: money going into your account (positive)
Debit: money coming out of your account
(negative)
➢ Laws of Arithmetic and Inverse Operations
✓ The Commutative Law ✓ Distributive Law
When adding two numbers or multiplying two When a sum (or difference) is being multiplied by a
numbers the order of doing this doesn’t matter. number, each number in the sum (or difference)can
Example: be multiplied by the number first, then these
▪ 3+5=5+3=8 and, products are added (or subtracted). It is the same
▪ 5x7=7x5=35 with division.
✓ Associative Law Example:
▪ 4x(3+5) = 4x3+4x5
When adding or multiplying three or more numbers
4x8 = 12+20
you can add or multiply any pair or numbers first.
32 = 32
Example: ▪ 7x(10-6) = 7x10 - 7x6
▪ 3+(2+4) = (3+2)+4 7x4 = 70 – 42
3+6 = 5+4 28 = 28
9 = 9
▪ 2x(5x3) = (2x5)x3
2x15 = 10x3
30 = 30
Inverse Operations:
# Multiplying and Dividing are inverse of each other.
Example:
If 4x3=12 then 12:3=4 and 12:4=3
# Adding and Subtracting are inverse of each other.
Example:
If 2+5=7 then 7-2=5 and 7-5=2
#Squaring and square rooting.
➢ Order of Operations
BIDMAS Example:
✓ Brackets First: operations in ▪ 14 – 2 x (5+1)
brackets are completed first. =14 – 2 x 6
✓ Indices: number raised to =14 – 12
power (index) are done next. =2
✓ Division and Multiplication:
are completed next. The order ▪ (10-3) + 20 : 4
is from left to right. =7 + 20 : 4
✓ Addition and Subtraction: are =7 + 5
completed next. The order is =12
from left to right.
Thank You