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Constructor in Java

A constructor in Java is a special method used to initialize objects, automatically called upon object creation, and shares the same name as the class with no return type. There are several types of constructors including Default, No-Argument, Parameterized, and Copy constructors, and they can be overloaded. Key features include the inability to be static, abstract, or final, and the use of the 'this' keyword for referencing the current object.

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4 views4 pages

Constructor in Java

A constructor in Java is a special method used to initialize objects, automatically called upon object creation, and shares the same name as the class with no return type. There are several types of constructors including Default, No-Argument, Parameterized, and Copy constructors, and they can be overloaded. Key features include the inability to be static, abstract, or final, and the use of the 'this' keyword for referencing the current object.

Uploaded by

tarushiag03450
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Constructor in Java

What is a Constructor?

A constructor is a special method in Java that is used to initialize objects.

👉 It is automatically called when an object is created.

Key Features of Constructor

 Same name as the class


 No return type (not even void)
 Called automatically when object is created
 Used to initialize instance variables

Syntax

class ClassName {
ClassName() {
// constructor body
}
}

Example

class Student {
String name;

Student() {
name = "Abhishek";
}

void display() {
[Link](name);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {


Student obj = new Student(); // constructor called
[Link]();
}
}

Types of Constructors

1️⃣Default Constructor

 Provided by Java compiler if no constructor is defined


 Initializes variables with default values

class Test {
int x;

public static void main(String[] args) {


Test obj = new Test();
[Link](obj.x); // Output: 0
}
}

2️⃣No-Argument Constructor

 Created by programmer
 Does not take any parameters

class Demo {
Demo() {
[Link]("No-arg constructor");
}
}

3️⃣Parameterized Constructor

 Takes parameters to initialize variables

class Student {
String name;

Student(String n) {
name = n;
}
}

4️⃣Copy Constructor (User-defined)

 Copies values from one object to another

class Student {
String name;

Student(String n) {
name = n;
}

Student(Student s) {
name = [Link];
}
}
Constructor vs Method

Feature Constructor Method


Name Same as Any valid name
class
Return No return Must have return
Type type type
Invocatio Automatic Called manually
n
Purpose Initialize Perform
object operations

Important Points

 Constructor cannot be static, abstract, or final


 Can be overloaded
 If no constructor is defined → Java provides default constructor
 Used with new keyword

Constructor Overloading

Multiple constructors with different parameters

class Demo {
Demo() {
[Link]("Default");
}

Demo(int x) {
[Link]("Parameterized: " + x);
}
}

this Keyword in Constructor

Used to refer current object

class Student {
String name;

Student(String name) {
[Link] = name; // differentiate variable
}
}
Constructor Chaining

Calling one constructor from another using this()

class Demo {
Demo() {
this(10);
[Link]("Default");
}

Demo(int x) {
[Link]("Parameterized");
}
}

🔻 Short Summary (Exam Ready)

 Constructor initializes object


 Same name as class, no return type
 Types: Default, No-arg, Parameterized, Copy
 Supports overloading
 Called automatically using new

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