FLAT PICTURES Types
● Representations of objects/things on a flat surface ● Data chart – contain items of information especially
● Cheapest and most readily available quantitative data
● Pictorial chart – use pictures to present quantifiable data
Importance ● Schematic chart – shows how something works using
● 65% remember better through images symbols/diagrams
● Make abstract ideas understandable ● Progress chart – shows change or growth over time
● Capture attention ● Table chart – organizes data in rows and columns
● Used to ask what, why, how ● Time/Tabular chart – shows information that changes
over time using tables
Guides ● Organizational chart – shows how things/people are
● Relevant, clear, age-appropriate, high-quality organized
Subjects GRAPHS
● Math: fruits (operations) ● Show quantitative data
● Science: processes (water cycle)
● Language: picture stories Types
● GMRC: values (kindness) ● Line graph – shows data points connected by a line to
track changes over time
LEVELS OF READING PICTURES ● Bar graph – the length of the bar represents an amount
1. Enumerative – What is seen of data
2. Descriptive – What it looks like ● Pie graph – shows parts of a whole
3. Interpretative – Meaning/why ● Area/Solid graph – shows changes over time with color
4. Integrative – Personal connection highlighting
● Pictograph – uses pictures or symbols to represent data
Strategies: Picture walk, sorting, sequencing, storytelling
MAPS
DRAWINGS / SKETCHES ● Show Earth’s surface
● Drawings: detailed, planned
● Sketches: simple, rough, unplanned Types
Importance: accessibility, spontaneity, creativity, simplification, ● Physical map – shows natural features like mountains,
participation rivers, lakes, forests
● Political map – shows boundaries of countries, states,
STRIP DRAWINGS and cities
● Sequential illustrations (comic-like) ● Weather map – shows weather patterns like temperature,
Importance: sequential thinking, memory, language, creativity, rainfall, wind
values ● Road map – shows streets, highways, and transportation
routes
POSTERS ● Wall map – large printed map designed to be hung on
● Large visual message walls
Characteristics: attractive, simple, readable, clear, balanced, ● Atlas – collection of maps in book form
appropriate
Technology Integration Matrix – framework for describing and
FLASHCARDS targeting the use of technology to enhance learning
● Small cards for quick learning
Guides: simple, consistent, quick drills Five Levels
1. Entry – teacher begins to use technology to deliver
PHOTOGRAPHS content
● Real-life images 2. Adoption – teacher directs students in using technology
3. Adaptation – students use technology independently
Importance: authenticity, context, engagement, critical thinking, (teacher guides)
values 4. Infusion – students choose and use technology tools
freely
Guides: clear, appropriate, relevant, local context 5. Transformation – innovative use of technology for higher
order thinking
Shotgun Approach: too many images = unclear focus
Meaningful Learning Environment
● Active – engaged in using technology
ILLUSTRATIONS ● Collaborative – work with others using technology
● Drawn representation of reality ● Constructive – connect new knowledge with prior
Importance: simplification, engagement, creativity, clarity, flexibility knowledge
Guides: appropriate, accurate, not cluttered, culturally sensitive ● Authentic – connect learning to real life
● Goal-directed – set goals, plan, monitor, evaluate
CARTOONS
● Simplified/exaggerated drawings AUDIO MEDIA
Use: appropriate, simple, brief captions, clear symbols, proper size ● Sound materials (cheap, portable)
VISUAL SYMBOLS Radio Broadcast
● Signs/symbols representing reality ● Transmission of sound
Rules Live vs Taped
● Relevant to audio ● Live: real-time, interaction, minimal editing
● Avoid redundancy ● Taped: recorded, editable, flexible
● Visible
● Attractive & aesthetic RECORDINGS
● Audio playback
DIAGRAMS
● Show relationships Analog vs Digital
Types: life cycle, Venn diagram, flowchart, hierarchy ● Analog: continuous waves (cassette, vinyl)
● Digital: binary data (phones, computers)
CHARTS
● large sheet of paper or board containing pictures,
drawings, and/or words that presents a message at a
glance