Using The Scientific Method
Exercise Questions & Answers
(For Outstanding Students of [Link])
Q.1 How has the scientific method helped us in our fight against diseases
(GW,MN-13, LR,SL-14) OR How has science improved our health?
(AK-07,BP-08,DG GIII Supp-08, RP-09, SG, 10,BP, DG,RP-11, BP,DG-12)
Ans. Now, we have discovered many medicines and made a number of
medical equipments. We know how to prevent and cure diseases. Now a
disease cannot attack us blindly. We have improved our sanitary conditions
and water system. Balanced food and vaccination against diseases have
proved very useful. Therefore, we have controlled diseases like small-pox,
cholera, whooping cough and typhoid.
Q.2. Write a note on the better sanitary conditions available in our cities today
and compare them with what they were like a hundred years
ago.(LR-06,MN-07,GW-08,BP,SG. LR 10 12,FB-12,BP- 13,LR-14)
Ans. These days, our city streets are paved. Sewage flows through sealed
pipe lines. Every city has its Own water system. A century ago, the streets
were narrow, unpaved and poorly drained. Outdoors toilets were common.
Household garbage was thrown into the streets which caused diseases. Many
of the toilets and garbage places situated where this waste drained into the
wells from where people obtained drinking water. Animals and men drank at
the same pond.
Q.3. What are the sanitary conditions like in our villages today and how would
you improve them?(RP-09,SG-12)
Ans. In our villages, dirty water stands like pools in the streets. Streets are
narrow, unpaved and unclean. Dirt and refuse lie scattered everywhere. Men
and cattle drink water at the same pond. Water is carried from the wells or
ponds which is normally full of germs. Medical aid is not availbale at all. There
is no proper system to carry gargabe due to which disease like cholera break
out very often. We shall have to work much to irmprove them.
Q.4. How has the scientific method helped- us in the production and
preservation of food?(AKFB-08,BP-09,FB-10,G-I,G-II,DG-10,LR-11,MN)
Ans. Through the use of scientific method, we produce more food with less
labour. Now wepreserve food through freezing, dehydration, grading, canning,
drying and pickling. Now we have learnt how to provide ourselves with a
variety of foods throughout the year. Modern methods of selecting, graidng
and processing foods have removed the risk of poisoning from canned food.
Dehydration or removal of water from such foods as milk, eggs, potatoes and
apples has proved a practical method of preservation of food.
[Link] are now generally less fearful than our ancestors(e): What were our
ancestors afraid of? (GW-11) OR Why are we generally less fearful than our
ancestors? (GW-07,08, RP,LR,AK-08, BP-07,FB-09,MN-11,GW-12) How are
we better than our forefathers?(GW-12)
Ans. Our forefathers were very superstitious. They believed in the signs of
good or bad omen. They were afraid of black cat, broken mirror and the
number 13. But today we know that there is some cause of every happening.
So, we are less fearful than our ancestors. Now scientific method has told us
that such things do have some reason behind them. They should not be
feared.
Q.6. How has the scientific method helped us to get over old
fears?(DG.G-LIL08, AK,LR-08,BP-09,DG- 1 1,[Link]-12,BP, GW- 14)
Ans. The scientific method has changed our attitudes. We know that there is a
cause of every happening. We do not believe in omens. We accept things that
are based on facts. In this way. we have got over old fears. Superstitious
beliefs are being overcome by using the scientific method. They demonstrate
that there is no sound basis for them.
Q7. What part did astrology play in the lives of men and women in the past?
Give examples. (RP-11,DG-13,SG-14)
Ans. In the past, people believed that human life was governed by planets.
They consulted the astrologers to know about the future. For example, if a
baby was born at a moment when the influence of stars was not considered
good, he was doomed forever. In this way, astrology played an important part
in the lives of people. Even the kings sought the advice of the fortune tellers
regarding the affaris of the state. People very readily accepted without
analysing what the astrologers told them.
Q.8. Describe some of the superstitions still current in our country. How do
they affect the lives of those who believe in them?
Ans. Some people do not start journeys on Tuesday these days. Nothing new
is taken up on Thursday. The cawing of crow is considered the coming of the
guests. They believe in omens, spirits and influence of stars that cause them
undue fear. Some people avoid wearing black clothes. Many are still afraid of
black cats. But these things are losing ground gradually.