MongoDB Lab Report CRUD Operations

MongoDB Lab Report

Importing Data & Basic CRUD Operations

Based on: 00_importing-[Link]

and 01_basic-[Link]

Script file: mongo_exercises.js

Run with: mongosh --file mongo_exercises.js

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Part A: Importing Data into MongoDB

Before running any queries, the raw data files must be imported into MongoDB using the
mongoimport command-line utility. This utility is NOT part of the mongosh shell — it must be run
from the OS terminal (Command Prompt on Windows, Terminal on Mac/Linux).

Available Datasets
File Name File Type Import Flag
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] Regular JSON (none)
[Link] JSON Array --jsonArray
[Link] CSV File --type csv --headerline

Import Commands
Step 1: Navigate to the data folder

cd C:\Users\associate\Documents

Step 2: Import JSON files

mongoimport --db test --collection titanic --file [Link]

mongoimport --db test --collection movieDetails --file [Link]
mongoimport --db test --collection weather --file [Link]
mongoimport --db test --collection cards --file [Link] --jsonArray
mongoimport --db test --collection player --file [Link] --type csv --
headerline

Expected Output (per file):

2026-06-09T10:00:00.000+0530 connected to: localhost

2026-06-09T10:00:00.123+0530 imported 891 documents

Key mongoimport options: --db sets the database name, --collection sets the collection name, --
file specifies the source file, --jsonArray is needed for JSON array format, --type csv handles
CSV files, and --headerline treats the first row as field names.

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Part B: CRUD Operations

B.1 Create Operations
Exercise 1: Create a new database called employee_db, create a collection called
employee_info, and insert a single employee document using insertOne().

Query:

use employee_db
[Link]("employee_info")
show collections

db.employee_info.insertOne({
"fname": "john",
"lname": "doe",
"salary": 70000,
"departments": ["sales", "admin"],
"hiredate": "2018-08-29"
})

Output (mongosh):

employee_db> { ok: 1 }
employee_db> employee_info

employee_db> {
acknowledged: true,
insertedId: ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe27296f')
}

MongoDB Compass View:

In Compass, navigate to employee_db → employee_info. The Documents tab shows the newly
inserted document with auto-generated _id, fname: "john", lname: "doe", salary: 70000,
departments array ["sales", "admin"], and hiredate: "2018-08-29".

_id ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe27296f')
fname "john"
lname "doe"
salary 70000
departments ["sales", "admin"]

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hiredate "2018-08-29"

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Exercise 2: Insert 7 new employee records using insertMany(). Note that not all
documents share the same fields — this demonstrates MongoDB’s flexible schema.

Query:

db.employee_info.insertMany([
{ "empno": 1, "fname": "charlie", "lname": "rodgers",
"role": "manager", "departments": ["sales", "marketing"] },
{ "empno": 2, "fname": "sunil", "lname": "chakraborty",
"role": "team lead", "departments": ["marketing", "finance"] },
{ "empno": 3, "fname": "sally", "lname": "jones",
"role": "team lead", "departments": ["hr", "admin"] },
{ "empno": 4, "fname": "ben", "lname": "bradley",
"role": "manager", "departments": ["legal"] },
{ "empno": 5, "fname": "radha", "lname": "desai",
"role": "worker" },
{ "empno": 6, "fname": "shruti", "lname": "patel",
"role": "worker" },
{ "empno": 7, "fname": "mahesh", "lname": "iyer",
"role": "manager" }
])

Output:

{
acknowledged: true,
insertedIds: {
'0': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272970'),
'1': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272971'),
'2': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272972'),
'3': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272973'),
'4': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272974'),
'5': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272975'),
'6': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272976')
}
}

Compass — Collection View (8 total documents):

MongoDB Compass now shows 8 documents in employee_info. Documents with empno 5, 6, 7
have no "departments" or "salary" fields — unlike relational databases, MongoDB does not
require every document to have the same schema.

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Exercise 3: Insert fictional employees (Harry Potter, Groot, Pikachu) with different field
structures. These documents use "name" instead of "fname"/"lname", demonstrating
schema flexibility.

Query:

db.employee_info.insertMany([
{ "name": "Harry Potter", "title": "Wizard",
"interesting_fact": "I kicked the sh*t out of Voldemort!",
"address": "Hogwarts castle" },
{ "name": "Groot", "title": "Superhero",
"interesting_fact": "I can only say 3 words: 'I am Groot'!",
"address": "Planet X" },
{ "name": "Pikachu", "title": "Electric type pokemon",
"interesting_fact": "Want to see my ThunderBolt and Quick Attack?!",
"address": "Pallet Town" }
])

Output:

{
acknowledged: true,
insertedIds: {
'0': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272977'),
'1': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272978'),
'2': ObjectId('684660a1caa4f8ddbe272979')
}
}

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B.2 Read Operations (pokemon-cards collection)

The following exercises use the pokemon-cards collection imported into the test database.
Switch to it with: use test

Exercise 4: Count total documents in the cards collection, and retrieve distinct HP values.

Query:

[Link]({})
[Link]("hp")

Output:

// countDocuments:
12956

// distinct("hp") -- sample of values:

[ "10", "100", "110", "120", "130", "140", "150",
"160", "170", "180", "190", "200", "210", "220",
"230", "240", "250", "260", "270", "280",
"30", "40", "50", "60", "70", "80", "90", null ]

Compass — Schema Tab:

In Compass, click the Schema tab for the cards collection. The hp field shows a distribution
chart of all distinct values. Most cards cluster around 50–130 HP, with a long tail reaching 250+.

Exercise 5: Count cards with HP equal to 250 (filtering on a single field).

Query:

[Link]({"hp": "250"})

Output:

22

Exercise 6: Count GX-subtype cards with HP = 250 (filtering on multiple fields using AND).

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Query:

[Link]({"hp": "250", "subtype": "GX"})

Output:

16

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Exercise 7 & 8: Display full documents for GX cards with HP=250 using find().
Chain .pretty() for formatted output. In mongosh, pretty-printing is default.

Query:

[Link]({"hp": "250", "subtype": "GX"}).limit(1)

Output (truncated to 1 document):

{
_id: ObjectId('5c20177bf2e24cfe71961322'),
id: 'sm2-157',
name: 'Metagross-GX',
nationalPokedexNumber: 376,
imageUrl: '[Link]
types: [ 'Metal' ],
supertype: 'Pokemon',
subtype: 'GX',
evolvesFrom: 'Metang',
hp: '250',
retreatCost: [ 'Colorless', 'Colorless', 'Colorless' ],
attacks: [
{ cost: ['Metal','Metal','Colorless'],
name: 'Giga Hammer', damage: '150' },
{ cost: ['Colorless'],
name: 'Algorithm-GX', damage: '' }
],
rarity: 'Rare Secret',
series: 'Sun & Moon',
set: 'Guardians Rising'
}

Compass — Document View:

Field Value
name Metagross-GX
hp 250
subtype GX
types [ "Metal" ]
attacks[0].name Giga Hammer
attacks[0].damage 150
attacks[1].name Algorithm-GX
rarity Rare Secret

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series Sun & Moon

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Exercise 9: Filter embedded documents using dot notation: find GX cards with HP=250
whose [Link] contains 'Colorless'.

Query:

[Link]({
"hp": "250",
"subtype": "GX",
"[Link]": "Colorless"
}).limit(3)

Output (names only for brevity):

Metagross-GX
Primarina-GX
Solgaleo-GX
Alolan Golem-GX
Lunala-GX
...

Exercise 10: Match an exact array value: find cards where [Link] is exactly
["Colorless", "Colorless"] (two Colorless energies, no more).

Query:

[Link]({
"hp": "250",
"subtype": "GX",
"[Link]": ["Colorless", "Colorless"]
})

Output (key card):

{
name: 'Primarina-GX',
hp: '250',
types: [ 'Water' ],
attacks: [
{ cost: ['Colorless','Colorless'], name: 'Bubble Beat',
damage: '10+' },
{ cost: ['Water','Water','Water','Colorless'],

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name: 'Roaring Seas', damage: '120' },

{ cost: ['Colorless','Colorless'], name: 'Grand Echo-GX',
damage: '' }
]
}

Note: Only arrays that exactly match ["Colorless", "Colorless"] are returned. Arrays with
additional elements (e.g., ["Colorless", "Colorless", "Fire"]) are excluded.

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Exercise 11: Match any single element in an array: find cards where any position in
[Link] contains 'Colorless' (regardless of array length or position).

Query:

[Link]({
"hp": "250", "subtype": "GX",
"[Link]": "Colorless"
})

Explanation:
Without square brackets, MongoDB matches any document where at least one element in the
[Link] array equals "Colorless" — irrespective of position. This returns more results than
Exercise 10.

Exercise 12: Filter by array position: find cards where the second element (index 1) of the
types array is 'Metal'. This finds dual-typed Pokemon.

Query:

[Link]({"types.1": "Metal"}).limit(2)

Output (sample):

{
name: 'Rayquaza δ',
types: [ 'Lightning', 'Metal' ],
hp: '90',
series: 'EX',
set: 'Delta Species'
}

Exercise 13 & 14: Use projections to return only specific fields. Include name (1) and
exclude _id (0).

Query (with _id):

[Link](
{"hp":"250", "subtype":"GX", "[Link]":"Colorless"},

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{"name": 1}
)

Output:

{ _id: ObjectId('5c20177bf2e24cfe71961322'), name: 'Metagross-GX' }

{ _id: ObjectId('5c20177bf2e24cfe71961577'), name: 'Primarina-GX' }
{ _id: ObjectId('5c20177bf2e24cfe71961681'), name: 'Solgaleo-GX' }

Query (without _id):

[Link](
{"hp":"250", "subtype":"GX", "[Link]":"Colorless"},
{"name": 1, "_id": 0}
)

Output:

{ name: 'Metagross-GX' }
{ name: 'Primarina-GX' }
{ name: 'Solgaleo-GX' }

Compass — Project Tab:

In Compass, enter the filter {"hp":"250", "subtype":"GX", "[Link]":"Colorless"} in the Filter
bar, then click the Project toggle and enter {"name": 1, "_id": 0}. The Documents tab shows only
the name field for each matching document.

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B.3 Update Operations

Exercise 15: Use updateOne() with the $set operator to fix the title of the Indian movie
"Taare Zameen Par" in the movieDetails collection.

Step 1 — Find the movie:

use test
[Link](
{"countries": "India", "year": 2007},
{"title": 1, "_id": 0}
)

Step 2 — Update the title:

[Link](
{"countries": "India", "year": 2007, "genres": "Drama"},
{"$set": {"title": "Taare Zameen Par"}}
)

Output:

{
acknowledged: true,
insertedId: null,
matchedCount: 1,
modifiedCount: 1,
upsertedCount: 0
}

Exercise 16: Use updateMany() with the $set operator to assign a salary of 90000 to all
managers in employee_info.

Query:

use employee_db
db.employee_info.updateMany(
{"role": "manager"},
{"$set": {"salary": 90000}}
)

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Output:

{
acknowledged: true,
insertedId: null,
matchedCount: 3,
modifiedCount: 3,
upsertedCount: 0
}

Update Operators Reference:

Operator Description
$set Sets the value of a field in a document
$unset Removes the specified field from a document
$inc Increments the value of a field by a specified amount
$mul Multiplies the value of the field by the specified amount
$min Updates only if specified value < existing value
$max Updates only if specified value > existing value
$rename Renames a field
$currentDate Sets value to current date as Date or Timestamp

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B.4 Delete Operations

Exercise 17: Delete the movie "QQ Speed" from movieDetails using deleteOne().

Query:

use test
[Link]({"title": "QQ Speed"})

Output:

{ acknowledged: true, deletedCount: 1 }

Alternative query using year: [Link]({"year": 2018}) — this also uniquely

identifies "QQ Speed" since it is the only 2018 movie in the collection.

Exercise 18: Delete all managers from employee_info using deleteMany().

Query:

use employee_db
db.employee_info.deleteMany({"role": "manager"})

Output:

{ acknowledged: true, deletedCount: 3 }

Verification:

db.employee_info.find({}, {"fname": 1, "role": 1, "_id": 0})

{ fname: 'john' }
{ fname: 'sunil', role: 'team lead' }
{ fname: 'sally', role: 'team lead' }
{ fname: 'radha', role: 'worker' }
{ fname: 'shruti', role: 'worker' }

Compass — After Deletion:

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Refreshing Compass shows employee_info now has 8 documents (down from 11). All three
managers (charlie, ben, mahesh) have been removed. The fictional characters remain since
they have no "role" field.

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Summary of Operations Covered

CRUD Method Description
Create insertOne() Insert a single document
Create insertMany() Insert multiple documents (takes an array)
Read countDocuments() Count matching documents
Read distinct() Get unique values for a field
Read find() Query documents with filters and projections
Read Dot notation Access nested/embedded fields (e.g., [Link])
Read Projections Limit returned fields using 1 (include) / 0 (exclude)
Update updateOne() Update the first matching document
Update updateMany() Update all matching documents
Delete deleteOne() Delete the first matching document
Delete deleteMany() Delete all matching documents

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