HTML (HyperText Markup
Language)
Introduction
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It
is the standard language used to create and
design web pages. HTML provides the basic
structure of a website by using a system of tags
and elements. Every website on the internet
uses HTML in some form. It tells web browsers
how to display text, images, videos, links, tables,
and other content.
HTML was created by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in
1991. Since then, it has evolved significantly,
with HTML5 being the latest major version.
HTML works together with CSS (Cascading Style
Sheets) and JavaScript. HTML creates the
structure of a webpage, CSS controls its
appearance, and JavaScript adds interactivity.
The main purpose of HTML is to organize
content so that browsers can present it correctly
to users. It is easy to learn and forms the
foundation of web development.
Features of HTML
HTML has many useful features that make it the
most widely used markup language for web
development:
1. Simple and easy to learn.
2. Platform independent and works on all
operating systems.
3. Supports multimedia such as images, audio,
and video.
4. Allows creation of hyperlinks between web
pages.
5. Supports forms for collecting user
information.
6. Works with CSS and JavaScript.
7. Provides semantic elements for better
accessibility and SEO.
8. Open-source and free to use.
Because of these features, HTML is used by
developers, businesses, educational institutions,
and organizations worldwide.
Structure of an HTML Document
Every HTML document follows a basic structure.
The document begins with a declaration and
contains various elements.
Example:
My First Web Page
Welcome to HTML
This is a paragraph.
Explanation:
declares the document type.
is the root element.
contains information about the webpage.
specifies the page title. </li>
contains visible content.
represents a heading.
represents a paragraph.
This structure is the foundation of every HTML
webpage.
HTML Elements and Tags
HTML uses tags to define elements. Most tags
have an opening tag and a closing tag.
Example:
This is a paragraph.
Here:
is the opening tag.
is the closing tag.
The text between them is the content.
Common HTML tags include:
to
: Headings
: Paragraph
: Hyperlink