English sentence structure is categorized into four main types based on the combination of
independent clauses, which express complete thoughts, and dependent clauses, which cannot
stand alone. A Simple Sentence contains just one independent clause (e.g., "I study hard"). A
Compound Sentence joins two independent clauses using a semicolon or a comma with a
"FANBOYS" coordinator (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So), such as "I study hard, and I pass my
exams." A Complex Sentence combines one independent clause with at least one dependent
clause starting with words like because, although, if, or when; remember to use a comma if
the dependent clause starts the sentence (e.g., "Because I study hard, I pass my exams").
Finally, a Compound-Complex Sentence is the most advanced, containing at least two
independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses (e.g., "Because I study hard, I pass
my exams, and my parents are happy"). For EFL students, varying these structures is the best
way to avoid repetitive writing and demonstrate advanced language proficiency in academic
essays.