Human Resource University Research Methodology
Department of English Lecturer: SENG Sothea
Chapter 5: Identifying Variables
Key Term Defining
Define/explain the following key terms
(1) variable:
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(2) Dependent variable
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(3) Independent variable:
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(4) Active variable:
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(5) Attribute variable:
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(6) Categorical variable:
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(7) Nominal scale:
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(8) Ordinal scale:
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(9) Interval scale:
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(10) Ratio scale:
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True/False Statements
Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. An image, perception or concept that is capable of measurement – hence
capable of taking on different values – is called a variable.
2. Concept and variable are both subjective and not measurable.
3. Income and job are examples of variable in research.
4. Measurement scale is composed of four scale, namely nominal, ordinal,
interval and median.
5. One feature of casual relationship of variable is that it brings about change in
a phenomenon, situation or circumstance.
6. A grade on a final examination can be an example of an independent
variable.
7. Intervening variable and dependent variables are the same.
8. Constant variables have three categories or values.
9. Scale of agreement or satisfaction can be regarded as an ordinal scale.
10. An interval scale has a characteristic of ordinal scale and nominal scale.
Write your answers here.
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Multiple-choice Section
Choose the correct answer
1. _________ the cause supposed to be responsible for bringing change(s).
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Intervening variable
2. _________ refers to the unmeasured variables affecting the cause-and-effect
relationship.
A. Intervening variable
B. Extraneous variable
C. Dependent variable
3. You assume that smoking is a cause of cancer. In this example, the extent of
smoking is the ________.
A. dependent variable
B. independent variable
C. Intervening variable
4. Given that smoking causes of cancer, the age of the person and daily exercise
and so on can be called _________.
A. independent variable
B. dependent variable
C. extraneous variable
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5. _________ refer to those variables that can be manipulated, changed or
controlled
A. Active variables
B. Attribute variables
C. Dependent variables
6. The examples of gender and race are _________.
A. active variables
B. attribute variables
7. A ratio scale is a type of ________data.
A. discrete
B. continuous
C. attributive
8. A _______scale names categories and has no natural ranking.
A. ratio
B. interval
C. nominal
9. ________ variable has only two categories such as male/female.
A. Polytomous
B. Dichtomous
C. Constant
10. Experimental variables cannot be manipulated or controlled.
A. True
B. Untrue
Write your answers here.
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Comprehension Questions
Answer the following questions based you have learnt from the Chapter 3.
1. What is the difference between dependent and independent variable?
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2. What are the three kinds of categorical variables?
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3. Supposed that an independent variable is ‘age’, give two examples of
dependent variables.
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4. Differentiate the measurement scale, including nominal, ordinal, interval and
ratio scale.
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This is the end of the worksheet!
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