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Ch-1 Operating System

The document explains the functions of an operating system, distinguishing between hardware and software, and detailing the types of software: system software and application software. It describes the operating system as an essential interface that manages hardware resources and allows users to interact with the computer. Additionally, it highlights the need for an operating system to simplify application development and optimize system performance.

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Jyoti Kundnani Chandnani
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2 views2 pages

Ch-1 Operating System

The document explains the functions of an operating system, distinguishing between hardware and software, and detailing the types of software: system software and application software. It describes the operating system as an essential interface that manages hardware resources and allows users to interact with the computer. Additionally, it highlights the need for an operating system to simplify application development and optimize system performance.

Uploaded by

Jyoti Kundnani Chandnani
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ICSE-VIII Jyotii Chandnani(7066603136)

Chapter 1- Functions of Operating System


Hardware : Physical components of a computer system which we can touch and feel.
Software : Set of instructions given to computer to make hardware run.

There are two types of Software:


1. System Software:
2. Application Software:

System software :
1. is a collection of programs that helps to run a computer's hardware and the other programs.
2. It manages the hardware resources and the other application software.
3. It reads the data from the input devices and transfers the processed information to the output devices.
Common examples : Operating System (Windows, Linux, Unix, macOS, Android, etc.), Utility Software
(Disk Cleanup, Backup, Compression), Language Processor, and Device Drivers.

An application software is used to perform the specific types of jobs, like doing calculations, arranging
data in an organised manner, designing professional documents, creating images, logos, etc. Word,
PowerPoint, 3D Paint, Excel, are some commonly used application software. O

Operating System Being a machine, a computer cannot do anything on its own. It requires a specific
instruction to perform each and every task. Further, the instructions are converted into a language, which
a machine understands. It means that the user cannot communicate with a computer directly. An
interface is required between the user and computer hardware.

The operating system acts as an interface between the user and computer hardware. The computer
interprets the instructions given by the user with the help of an operating system. It controls and manages
the overall operations and internal working of a computer system. It is the main software that makes a
computer work and also provides a platform for running an application software. Microsoft Disk Operating
ICSE-VIII Jyotii Chandnani(7066603136)

System (MS DOS), Microsoft Windows, Linux (Ubuntu, Red Hat) and UNIX (macOS, Solaris, and AIX) are
examples of operating systems.

O Need for an Operating System Earlier, programmers had to design the application in accordance with
the internal hardware structure of a computer. The operating system was needed to allow the
programmers to design the applications without any details on the internal structure of the computer. An
operating system acts as a central coordinator between hardware and software. It manages the overall
resources, resolves conflicts, and tries to optimise the performance of the system. When you turn on your
computer system, the Basic Input Output System (BIOS) starts up your computer and checks whether all
of the attachments are in place and operational. Then, it loads the operating system into your computer's
main memory (RAM) from the hard disk drive. After loading of the operating system, the application or
utility software empowers the user to perform a variety of functions on the computer, such as solving
problems, creating documents, playing games, etc.

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