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BUITEMS
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL-ENGINEERING
ASSIGNMENT
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Solution of system of linear equations
By (Gauss elimination & Gauss Jordan method)
NAME: ABDUL QADIR
CMS ID: 64219
SEMESTER: 4TH
SECTION: A
SUBMITTED TO: Mr. SHOAIB IMAM
DATE: 4 / 07 / 2025
1
QUESTION NO. 01
Solve the system of equations by Gauss elimination method.
𝑥1 + 10𝑥2 – 𝑥3 = 3
2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 20𝑥3 = 7
10𝑥1 – 𝑥2 +2𝑥3 = 4
Solution:
Converting equations into matrix form:
[𝐴][𝑋] = [𝐴]
1 10 −1 𝑥1 3
[ 2 𝑥
3 20 ] [ 2 ] = [7]
10 −1 2 𝑥3 4
Now convert into augmented matrix form:
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
[2 3 20 ∶ 7]
10 −1 2 ∶ 4
Applying row operation to convert augmented matrix into echelon form:
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
͠ [2 3 20 ∶ 7]
10 −1 2 ∶ 4
• 𝑅2 - 2𝑅1 and 𝑅3 - 10𝑅1
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
͠ [ 2 − 2(1) 3 − 2(10) 20 − 2(−1) ∶ 7 − 2(3) ]
10 − 10(1) −1 − 10(10) 2 − 10(−1) ∶ 4 − 10(3)
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
New matrix ͠ [0 −17 22 ∶ 1 ]
0 −101 12 ∶ −26
1
• − 17 𝑅2
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
−17 22 1
͠ [0 −17
− 17 ∶ − 17 ]
0 −101 12 ∶ −26
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
22 1
New matrix ͠ [0 1 − 17 ∶ − 17 ]
0 −101 12 ∶ −26
• 𝑅3 + 101𝑅2
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
22 1
͠ [0 1 − 17 ∶ − 17 ]
22 1
0 −101 + 101(1) 12 + 101(− 17 ) ∶ −26 + 101(− 17 )
2
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
22 1
New matrix ͠ [0 1 − 17 ∶ − 17 ]
2018 543
0 0 − 17
∶ − 17
17
• − 2018 𝑅3
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
22 1
͠ [0 1 − 17 ∶ − 17 ]
2018 17 543 17
0 0 − × − ∶ − 17 × − 2018
17 2018
1 10 −1 ∶ 3
1
New matrix ͠
22
[0 1 − 17 ∶ − 17]
543
0 0 1 ∶ 218
Convert matrix into equation form:
𝑥1 + 10𝑥2 – 𝑥3 = 3 ……… i
22 1
𝑥2 − 17 𝑥3 = − 17 ………. ii
543
𝑥3 = =2.491 ……… iii
218
Put (iii) in (ii) we get:
22 1
𝑥2 − 17 (2.491)= − 17
𝑥2 = −0.0588 + 3.224 = 3.165 …….. iv
Put (iii) and (iv) in (i) we get :
𝑥1 + 10(3.165) –2.491= 3
𝑥1 = 3 – 31.65 +2.491 = - 26.151
So, 𝑥1 = - 26.151 , 𝑥2 = 3.165 , 𝑥3 = 2.491
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QUESTION NO. 02
Solve the system of linear equations by Gauss Jordan method.
3𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 4𝑥3 = 20
2𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 3𝑥3 = 13
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 +3𝑥3 = 6
Solution:
Converting equations into matrix form:
[𝐴][𝑋] = [𝐴]
1 1 3 𝑥1 6
[2 1 3 ] [𝑥2 ] = [13]
3 3 4 𝑥3 20
3
Now convert into augmented matrix form:
1 1 3 ∶ 6
[2 1 3 ∶ 13]
3 3 4 ∶ 4
Applying row operation to convert augmented matrix into Reduced-echelon form:
1 1 3 ∶ 6
͠ [2 1 3 ∶ 13]
3 3 4 ∶ 4
• 𝑅2 – 2𝑅1 and 𝑅3 – 3𝑅1
1 1 3 ∶ 6
͠ [2 − 2(1) 1 − 2(1) 3 − 2(3) ∶ 13 − 2(6)]
3 − 3(1) 3 − 3(1) 4 − 3(3) ∶ 4 − 3(6)
1 1 3 ∶ 6
New matrix ͠ [0 −1 −3 ∶ 1 ]
0 0 −5 ∶ −14
1
• (−1)𝑅2 and − 5 𝑅3
1 1 3 ∶ 6
͠ [ 0 −1(−1) −3(−1) ∶ 1(−1)]
−5 −14
0 0 −5
∶ −5
1 1 3 ∶ 6
New matrix ͠ [0 1 3 ∶ −1]
14
0 0 1 ∶ 5
• 𝑅1 – 𝑅2
1 1−1 3−3 ∶ 6 − (−1)
͠ [0 1 3 ∶ −1 ]
14
0 0 1 ∶ 5
1 0 0 ∶ 7
New matrix ͠ [0 1 3 ∶ −1]
14
0 0 1 ∶ 5
• 𝑅2 – 3𝑅3
7
1 0 0 ∶ 14
• [0 1 3 − 3(1) ∶ −1 − 3( 5 )]
14
0 0 1 ∶
5
7
1 0 0 ∶ −47
New matrix ͠ [0 1 0 ∶ 5 ]
14
0 0 1 ∶
5
So,
−47 14
𝑥1 = 7 , 𝑥2 = 5
= - 9.4 , 𝑥3 = 5
= 2.8