14 2.
Tutorial Sheets
2.5. Tutorial Sheet 5:
Q.1. Find the Laplace Transform of the following functions.
(i) t cos wt (ii) t sin wt (iii) e→t sin2 t (iv) t2 e→at (v) (1 + te→t )3 (vi) (5e2t → 3)2
(vii) te→2t sin wt (viii) tn eat (ix) t2 e→at sin bt (xi) cosh at cos at
Q.2. Find the inverse Laplace transforms of the following functions.
s2 → w 2 2as 1 s3 s→2 1
(i) 2 (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 2 (vi) 4
(s + w2 )2 (s2 → a2 )2 (s2 + w2 )2 (s4 + 4a4 ) s (s + 4)2 s → 2s3
1
(vii) 4 2
s (s + ω 2 )
s2 + a2 s3 + 3s2 → s → 3 s3 → 7s2 + 14s → 9
(viii) 2 (ix) (x)
(s → a2 )2 (s2 + 2s + 5)2 (s → 1)2 (s → 2)2
Q.3. Solve the following intial value problems using Laplace transforms and convolutions.
(i) y ↑↑ + y = sin 3t; y(0) = y ↑ (0) = 0 (ii) y ↑↑ + 3y ↑ + 2y = e→t ; y(0) = y ↑ (0) = 0
(iii) y ↑↑ + 2y ↑ → 8y = 0; y(0) = 1; y ↑ (0) = 8 (iv) y ↑↑ + 2y ↑ + y = 2 cos t; y(0) = 3, y ↑ (0) = 0
(v) y ↑↑ → 2y ↑ + 5y = 8 sin t → 4 cos t; y(0) = 1; y ↑ (0) = 3
(vi) y ↑↑ → 2y ↑ → 3y = 10 sin h2t; y(0) = 0; y ↑ (0) = 4
Q.4. Solve the following systems of di!erential equations using Laplace transforms.
(i) x↑ = x + y, y ↑ = 4x + y (ii) x↑ = 3x + 2y, y ↑ = →5x + y
(iii) x↑↑ →x+y ↑ = y = 1, y ↑↑ +y+x↑ →x = 0 (iv) x↑ = 5x+8y+1, y ↑ = →6x→9y+t, x(0) =
4, y(0) = →3
(v) y1↑ + y2 = 2 cos t; y1 + y2↑ = 0; y1 (0) = 0; y2 (0) = 1
(vi) y1↑↑ + y2 = →5 cos 2t; y2↑↑ + y1 = 5 cos 2t; y1 (0) = 1, y1↑ (0) = 1, y2 (0) = →1, y2↑ (0) = 1
(vii) 2y1↑ → y2↑ → y3↑ = 0; y1↑ + y2↑ = 4t + 2; y2↑ + y3 = t2 + 2, y1 (0) = y2 (0) = y3 (0) = 0
(viii) y1↑↑ = y1 + 3y2 ; y2↑↑ = 4y1 → 4et ; y1 (0) = 2; y1↑ (0) = 3, y2 (0) = 1, y2↑ (0) = 2
1
Q.5. Assuming that for a Power series in s with no constant term the Laplace transform can be
!↓ ↓
!
→1 Ak tk
obtained term-by-term, i.e., assuming that L [ ] = A k , where A0 , A1 . . . Ak . . .
sk+1 k!
0 0
are real numbers, prove that
1 1
(i) L→1 ( ) = et (ii) L1 ( 2 ) = sin t
s→1 s +1
1 ↑ 1
(iii) L1 ( e→b/s ) = J0 (2 bt) (b > 0) (iv) L→1 ( ↑ ) = J0 (at) (a > 0)
s s + a2
2
e→b/s 1 ↑ 1 sin t
(v) L→1 ( ↑ ) = ↑ cos(2 bt) (b > 0) (vi) L→1 (tan→1 ) =
s ωt s t
Q.6. Find the Laplace transform of the following periodic functions.
(i) f (t), f (t + p) = f (t) for all t > 0 and f (t) piecewise continuous
(ii) f (t) = | sin wt|
(iii) f (t) = 1(0 < t < ω); f (t) = →1(ω < t < 2ω); f (t + 2ω) = f (t)
(iv) f (t) = t(0 ↓ t ↓ 1), f (t) = 2 → t(1 ↓ t ↓ 2); f (t + 2) = f (t)
(v) f (t) = sin t(0 ↓ t ↓ ω), f (t) = 0(ω ↓ t ↓ 2ω); f (t + 2ω) = f (t)
Q.7. Find the Laplace Transform of f (t) where f (t) = n, n → 1 ↓ t ↓ n, n = 1, 2, 3, . . .
Q.8. Find f (t) given L[f (t)] = (e→s → e→2s → e→3s + e→4s )/s2
Q.9. Find the Laplace Transform of (i) f (t) = uω (t) sin t (ii) f (t) = u1 (t)e→2t where uω (u1 ) is
the Heaviside step function.
" #
→1 s2 + 4s + 5
Q.10. Find (i) L ln 2
s + 2s + 5
2.5. Tutorial Sheet 5: 15
$ t
→1
Q.11. If L[f (t)] = F (s), L[g(t)] = G(s) prove that L [F (s)G(s)] = f (u)g(t → u)du. Also
0
show that $
→1 F (s) 1 →at t
L [ ]= e f (u)eau sin a(t → u)du.
(s + a)2 + a2 a 0
Q.12. Compute the↑ Laplace transform of a solution of ty ↑↑ +y ↑ +ty = 0, t > 0, satisfying y(0) = k,
Y (1) = 1/ 2, where k is a real constant and Y denotes the Laplace transform of y.
Q.13. Compute the convolution of ta→1 u(t) and tb→1 u(t) and use the convolution theorem to
prove
”(a)”(b) = ”(a + b)B(a, b)
where B(a, b) denotes the Beta function
$ and ”(a) the Gamma function. Use this to find
↓
the value of ”(1/2) and hence of exp(→x2 )dx.
→↓
%
Q.14. Suppose f (x) is a function of exponential type and Lf = 1/ s2 + 1. Determine f ↔ f.
Q.15. Evaluate the following
$ ↓ integrals by computing $ ↓their Laplace transforms. $ ↓
sin(tx) cos tx
(i) f (t) = dx (ii) f (t) = 2 + a2
dx (iii) f (t) = sin(txa )dx, a > 1
$ ↓ 0 x $ ↓ 0 x $ ↓& 2 0
1 sin4 tx x → b2 ' sin tx
(iv) (1 → cos tx)dx (v) dx (vi) dx
0 x2 0 x3 0 x 2 + b2 x
Q.16. Solve the following integral/integro-di!erential equations
$ t $ t
y(x)dx
(i) y(t) = 1 → sinh t + (1 + x)y(t → x)dx (ii) A = ↑ , where A is a constant.
$ t 0 0 t→x
dy
(iii) =1→ y(t → ε )dε, y(0) = 1.
dt 0
Q.17. Find a real general solution of the following nonhomogeneous linear systems.
(i) y1↑ = y2 + e3t , y2↑ = y1 → 3e3t .
(ii) y1↑ = 3y1 + y2 → 3 sin 3t, y2↑ = 7y1 → 3y2 + 9 cos 3t → 16 sin 3t.
(iii) y1↑ = y2 + 6e2t , y2↑ = y1 → 3e2t , y1 (0) = 11, y2 (0) = 0.
(iv) y1↑ = 5y2 + 23, y2↑ = →5y1 + 15t, y1 (0) = 1, y2 (0) = →2.
(v) y1↑ = y2 → 5 sin t, y2↑ = →4y1 + 17 cos t, y1 (0) = 5, y2 (0) = 2.
(vi) y1↑ = 5y1 + 4y2 → 5t2 + 6t + 25, y2↑ = y1 + 2y2 → t2 + 2t + 4, y1 (0) = 0, y2 (0) = 0.
Q.18 Prove that the Laplace transform of (1 → e→t )ε is B(s, ϑ + 1) where B(a, b) is the beta
function.
Q.19 Show that if f (t) = 1/(1 + t2 ) then its Laplace
$ ↓transform F (s) satisfies the di!erential
sin ϖdϖ
equation F ↑↑ + F = 1/s. Deduce that F (s) = .
0 (ϖ + s)
Q.20 Show that the Laplace transform of log t is →s→1 log s → Cs→1 . Identify the constant C in
terms of the gamma function.
$ ↓ ( & b ') dt
Q.21 Evaluate the integral exp → at + ↑ where a and b are positive. Use this result
t
0
1 & t→b '
to compute the Laplace transform of ↑ exp ., b > 0.
t t