Student Name: Nai Kelly
NHM 526: Statistics I in NHM
Problem Solving Assignment #5 – Chapter 5
Please answer the following questions:
1. What information is provided by the sign ($/–) of a z-score? What information is provided
by the numerical value of the z-score?
Sign (+ / −): Indicates direction relative to the mean
Positive → above mean
Negative → below mean
Numerical value:
Indicates distance from the mean in standard deviation units
2. A distribution has a standard deviation of σ = 6. Describe the location of each of the
following z-scores in terms of position relative to the mean. For example, z = +1.00 is a
location that is 6 points above the mean.
a. z = +2.00
b. z = +0.50
c. z = –2.00
d. z = –0.50
(a) z = +2.00 → 12 points above mean
(b) z = +0.50 → 3 points above mean
(c) z = −2.00 → 12 points below mean
(d) z = −0.50 → 3 points below mean
3. For a population with µ = 50 and σ = 8,
a. Find the z-score for each of the following X values. (Note: You should be able to find
these values using the definition of a z-score. You should not need to use a formula
or do any serious calculations.)
X = 54, X = 62, X = 52, X = 42, X = 48, X = 34
µ = 50, σ = 8
z-scores
X = 54 → z = 0.5
X = 62 → z = 1.5
X = 52 → z = 0.25
X = 42 → z = −1.0
X = 48 → z = −0.25
X = 34 → z = −2.0
b. Find the score (X value) that corresponds to each of the following z-scores. (Again,
you should be able to find these values without any formula or serious calculations.)
z = 1.00, z = 0.75, z = 1.50, z = –0.50, z = –0.25, z = –1.50
X values
z = 1.00 → X = 58
z = 0.75 → X = 56
z = 1.50 → X = 62
z = −0.50 → X = 46
z = −0.25 → X = 48
z = −1.50 → X = 38
4. For a population with a mean of µ = 100 and a standard deviation of σ = 12,
a. Find the z-score for each of the following X values.
X = 106, X = 115, X = 130, X = 91, X = 88, X = 64
Given µ = 100, σ = 12
(a) z-scores
X = 106 → z = 0.50
X = 115 → z = 1.25
X = 130 → z = 2.50
X = 91 → z = −0.75
X = 88 → z = −1.00
X = 64 → z = −3.00
b. b. Find the score (X value) that corresponds to each of the following z-scores.
z = –1.00, z = –0.50, z = 2.00, z = 0.75, z = 1.50, z = –1.25
z = −1.00 → X = 88
z = −0.50 → X = 94
z = 2.00 → X = 124
z = 0.75 → X = 109
z = 1.50 → X = 118
z = −1.25 → X = 85
5. Find the z-score corresponding to a score of X = 60 for each of the following distributions.
a. µ = 50 and σ = 20
b. µ = 50 and σ = 10
c. µ = 50 and σ = 5
d. µ = 50 and σ = 2
z-scores for X = 60
(a) σ = 20 → z = 0.5
(b) σ = 10 → z = 1.0
(c) σ = 5 → z = 2.0
(d) σ = 2 → z = 5.0
6. A score that is 6 points below the mean corresponds to a z-score of z = –0.50. What is the
population standard deviation?
−6
z= σ =−0.5 ⇒ σ=12
7. For a sample with a standard deviation of s = 10, a score of X = 65 corresponds to z = 1.50.
What is the sample mean?
65−M
1.5= ⇒ 65−M =15 ⇒ M =50
10
8. In a population of exam scores, a score of X = 48 corresponds to z = +1.00 and a score of X =
36 corresponds to z = –0.50. Find the mean and standard deviation for the population.
(Hint: Sketch the distribution and locate the two scores on your sketch.)
From:
48 = µ + 1σ
36 = µ − 0.5σ
Solve:
48−36=1.5 σ ⇒ σ =8µ=48−8=40
9. For each of the following populations, would a score of X = 50 be considered a central score
(near the middle of the distribution) or an extreme score (far out in the tail of the
distribution)?
a. µ = 45 and σ = 10
b. µ = 45 and σ = 2
c. µ = 90 and σ = 20
d. µ = 60 and σ = 20
o µ=45, σ=10 → z=0.5 → Central
o µ=45, σ=2 → z=2.5 → Extreme
o µ=90, σ=20 → z=−2 → Extreme
o µ=60, σ=20 → z=−0.5 → Central
10. A distribution with a mean of µ = 62 and a standard deviation of σ = 8 is transformed into a
standardized distribution with µ = 100 and σ = 20. Find the new, standardized score for
each of the following values from the original population.
a. X = 60
b. X = 54
c. X = 72
d. X = 66
Formula:
X−62 '
Z= , X =100+20 Z
8
(a) X=60 → Z=−0.25 → X' = 95
(b) X=54 → Z=−1 → X' = 80
(c) X=72 → Z=1.25 → X' = 125
(d) X=66 → Z=0.5 → X' = 110
11. A sample consists of the following n = 6 scores: 2, 7, 4, 6, 4, and 7.
a. Compute the mean and standard deviation for the sample.
Mean:
30
M= =5
6
SS:
Variance:
2
s =20 /5=4
SD:
s=2
b. Find the z-score for each score in the sample.
2 → −1.5
7 → 1.0
4 → −0.5
6 → 0.5
4 → −0.5
7 → 1.0
c. Transform the original sample into a new sample with a mean of M = 50 and s = 10.
Formula:
'
X =50+ 10 z
2 → 35
7 → 60
4 → 45
6 → 55
4 → 45
7 → 60