Chapter 3 – Seasonal and Daily Temperatures
1. Why are summers warmer than winters in the Northern
Hemisphere even though Earth is closer to the Sun in January?
A. Earth rotates faster in summer
B. The Sun emits more energy in July
C. The Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun in summer
D. Atmospheric pressure increases in summer
E. The atmosphere becomes thinner in summer
2. Which factor has the greatest influence on seasonal
temperature variations?
A. Ocean currents
B. Earth's axial tilt
C. Earth's orbital speed
D. Atmospheric composition
E. Earth-Sun distance
3. Why are high northern latitudes not necessarily warmer than
middle latitudes during summer despite having longer daylight
hours?
A. Lower atmospheric pressure
B. Greater cloud cover everywhere
C. The Sun's rays strike at a lower angle
D. Earth is farther from the Sun at high latitudes
E. Shorter wavelengths dominate sunlight
4. If it is January and winter in New York City, what season is it in
Sydney, Australia?
A. Winter
B. Spring
C. Summer
D. Autumn
E. Monsoon season
5. Why are Southern Hemisphere summers not significantly
warmer than Northern Hemisphere summers despite Earth being
closer to the Sun in January?
A. The Sun emits less energy in January
B. Southern Hemisphere air is thinner
C. More ocean area moderates temperatures
D. Polar ice reflects all incoming radiation
E. Southern Hemisphere receives fewer daylight hours
6. Why does vegetation often differ between north-facing and
south-facing slopes in the Northern Hemisphere?
A. Different atmospheric compositions
B. Different soil ages
C. Different amounts of solar radiation received
D. Different gravitational forces
E. Different Earth-Sun distances
7. Why do temperature profiles near the surface differ between
day and night?
A. The composition of air changes daily
B. Surface heating and cooling alter temperature distribution
C. Earth's magnetic field changes
D. Atmospheric pressure doubles at night
E. Solar radiation heats only the upper atmosphere
8. Which factor tends to increase the daily temperature range?
A. High humidity
B. Thick cloud cover
C. Strong winds
D. Clear skies
E. Frequent precipitation
9. During the daytime, air temperature generally rises because:
A. Outgoing radiation exceeds incoming radiation
B. Incoming energy exceeds outgoing energy
C. Air pressure increases
D. Wind transports heat from space
E. Earth rotates toward the Sun
10. On a calm sunny day, why is the air near the ground warmer
than the air just above it?
A. Air absorbs solar radiation more efficiently than soil
B. Ground absorbs solar energy and transfers heat upward
C. Wind concentrates heat near the surface
D. Clouds reflect heat downward
E. Atmospheric pressure is highest at the surface
11. Why is the warmest time of day usually in mid-afternoon
rather than at noon?
A. The Sun is highest at 3 PM
B. Earth moves closer to the Sun after noon
C. Incoming energy continues exceeding outgoing energy after noon
D. Air pressure peaks in the afternoon
E. Clouds disappear after noon
12. A radiation inversion forms when:
A. Warm air sinks rapidly
B. Solar radiation heats the upper atmosphere
C. Surface cooling by radiation chills the air near the ground
D. Clouds increase longwave absorption
E. Wind mixes all air layers
13. Which conditions favor the strongest nighttime radiation
inversion?
A. Windy and cloudy
B. Windy and rainy
C. Humid and stormy
D. Clear and calm
E. Overcast and warm
14. Why are thermal belts commonly found on hillsides at night?
A. Hills receive more solar radiation at night
B. Cold air drains into valleys while warmer air remains on slopes
C. Pressure is lowest on hillsides
D. Soil conducts heat upward faster
E. Wind is absent on hillsides
15. Which frost-protection method works primarily by mixing
warmer air aloft with colder air near the ground?
A. Irrigation
B. Mulching
C. Wind machines
D. Fertilization
E. Plastic covers
16. Why are lower tree branches more vulnerable to frost
damage?
A. They have thinner bark
B. They receive less sunlight during the day
C. They contain more water
D. Cold air accumulates near the ground
E. They grow more slowly
17. Which of the following is NOT a major control of air
temperature?
A. Latitude
B. Altitude
C. Land-water contrast
D. Ocean currents
E. Moon phase
18. Why do January isotherms dip equatorward over Northern
Hemisphere continents?
A. Continents cool rapidly during winter
B. Ocean currents reverse direction
C. Polar regions receive more sunlight
D. Atmospheric pressure decreases uniformly
E. Continents warm more rapidly than oceans
19. Why is the daily temperature range generally greater in
deserts than in humid regions?
A. Deserts receive less solar radiation
B. Water vapor reduces both daytime heating and nighttime cooling
C. Air pressure is lower in deserts
D. Deserts are closer to the equator
E. Humid air conducts heat better
20. Why is the largest annual temperature range usually
observed in continental interiors?
A. Continental interiors receive more solar radiation
B. They experience stronger winds
C. Water bodies moderate temperature changes, but interiors lack this
influence
D. Atmospheric pressure fluctuates more inland
E. Inland areas have lower humidity year-round
Kunci Jawaban
No. Ans No. Ans
1 C 11 C
2 B 12 C
3 C 13 D
4 C 14 B
5 C 15 C
6 C 16 D
7 B 17 E
8 D 18 A
9 B 19 B
10 B 20 C