Department of Education

10 National Capital Region

SCHOOL S DIVISION OFFICE
MARIK INA CITY

ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
Quarter 1: Module 1
Rectangular Coordinate System

Writer: Rinalyn M. Salamat (MSHS)

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the
Rectangular Cartesian System. The scope of this module is to determine and define the
usefulness of the rectangular coordinate system.

An old story describes how seventeenth-century philosopher and

mathematician René Descartes invented the system that has become
the foundation of algebra which was used until today. According to the
story, while he was at La Flèche, Descartes suffered health problems.
His teachers allowed him to stay in bed for most of the morning. It has
been rumored that his inspiration for the coordinate plane came about
because of all the time he spent in bed. While he was in his bed, he
noticed a fly crawling on the ceiling then he realized that he could
describe the fly’s location with the perpendicular lines formed by the
adjacent walls of his room. He tried to relate the fly’s position to a point,
and, well, one thing leads to another, and from there, he came up with
the coordinate plane that you will learn more about in this module.
Figure 1: Adapted from
The module consists of one (1) lesson, namely: The Rectangular Wikimedia Commons
Cartesian System.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define the rectangular cartesian system;
2. indicate the coordinates of the points on the Cartesian plane;
3. plot the points; and
4. determine the quadrant where the points lie.

What I Know
Read and understand each question. Write the correct answer in the space provided.
__________1. Which of the following plane contains the coordinate axes such as the x − axis and
y − axis?
A. Cartesian plane C. interval plane
B. coordinate plane D. both A and B

__________2. Which of the following is the intersection of the x − axis and y − axis in the
coordinate plane?
A. abscissa B. coordinate axes C. ordinate D. origin

__________3. In the Cartesian plane, the y − axis is also referred to as .

A. Cartesian plane C. horizontal axis
B. notation axis D. vertical axis
__________4. Which of these points lie on Quadrant III?
A. ( 6, −3 ) B. ( 5,1) C. ( −2, −7 ) D. ( −8,6 )
__________5. On which quadrant does ( −2,9 ) lies?
A. I B. II C. III D. IV

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__________6. Which ordered pair locates a point on the y-axis?
A. (2, 2) B. (0, 3) C. (4, 4) D. (6, 0)

__________7. The point Q is 5 units right and 2 units down

from which point?
A. W (1, 2 )

B. X (12, 5 )

C. Y ( 5, 2 )

D. Z ( 2, 1)

__________8. Points K ( 5, 7 ) and L ( 6, 7 ) lie on a line that

.
A. is parallel to the x-axis C. is parallel to the y-axis
B. passes through the origin D. passes through Quadrants
III and IV

__________9. Which set of ordered pairs shows the coordinates

of points A , B , and C ?
A. ( 7, 2 ) , ( 6, 5 ) , ( 3, 4 )
B. ( 7, 2 ) , ( 5, 6 ) , ( 3, 3 )
C. ( 2, 7 ) , ( 5, 6 ) , ( 4, 3)
D. ( 2, 7 ) , ( 6, 5 ) , ( 4, 3 )

__________10. What is significant about two points that have

the same first coordinate or the same second
coordinate?
A. The points are in different quadrants
B. They are located on different lines.
C. They are located on the same line.
D. They are located at the origin.

What’s In
Answer the following questions below.

Questions:
1. Describe the line above.

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 2. What numbers are on the line?

3. Describe the position or location of the black point on the line.

4. Describe the position or location of the gray point on the line.

What’s New
Locate the Seat

Carlo received a free movie ticket. The

ticket shows that his seat number is K-13. The
arrangement of the seat in the cinema is shown
on the right.

Questions:
1. Where is Carlo’s seat located?

2. How do the letter and the number were

used in identifying the seat?

What is It
On the What’s New part of this module, you were asked to identify the seat of Carlo. The
location of a seat in a cinema or a theater is usually indicated by two “coordinates” such as K 13.
The letter K indicates the row while the number 28 indicates the position on the row. Hence,
Carlo’s seat is the 13th seat from the right on Row K.

The same idea applies to naming points. One coordinate indicates the left or right and the
other indicates the up or down. The system for graphing coordinates is called a rectangular
coordinate system. It is also known as the Cartesian coordinate system, which is named after
the French mathematician René Descartes (1596–1650).

This system is based on a two-dimensional plane consisting of a horizontal line called the
x − axis and a vertical line called the y − axis. The point of intersection of the axes is called the
origin. The two axes are perpendicular to each other and divide the plane into four sections. Each
section is called a quadrant; the quadrants are numbered counterclockwise.

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 Every point in the coordinate system can be described by an ordered pair ( x, y ) of values.
The first number in the pair is the x − coordinate or abscissa, it determines the distance of the
point from the origin measured along the x − axis. It is also the distance from a point to the vertical
line or the y − axis. The second number in the ordered pair is the y − coordinate or ordinate, which
tells the distance from the origin measured along the y − axis. It is also defined as the distance
from a point to a horizontal line. The ordered pair that represents a point is called the coordinates
of the point.

Example 1: Plot the following points: A ( 2, −3) and

B ( −3, 4 ) .
C
Solution: To locate point A, from the origin move 2
units to the right and 3 units down. To locate point B, B (-3,4)
move 3 units to the left of the origin and 4 units up.

Example 2: From the cartesian plane on the right,

determine the coordinates of points C and D .
D
Solution: Point C is 4 units to the left of the origin A (2,-3)
and 5 units up. Thus, point C has the coordinates of
( 4,5) . While the point D is 1 unit to the right of the
origin and 1 unit down, hence, its coordinates are
( −1,1) .

February The x − and y − axes break the plane

May into four regions called quadrants, which
are named using Roman numerals I, II, III,
and IV. The signs of the coordinates of a
given point state which quadrant the point
lies. In quadrant I, both coordinates are
positive. In quadrant II, the x − coordinate
is negative and the y − coordinate is
December positive, while in quadrant III, both
August coordinates are negative and in quadrant
IV, the x − coordinate is positive and the y −
coordinate is negative.

Example 3: The circle below shown at the

right is the approximate graph of the orbit
of Earth to the sun. Use the given graph to
determine the coordinates of the Earth’s
position during February, August, and December and state the quadrant where each position lies
in these three months.

Solution:
Month Coordinates Quadrant
February ( 3, 6 ) I
August ( −5.5, −2.5) III
December ( 6, 0 ) Along the x − axis

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 What’s More
I. Plot and label the given points in the coordinate plane.
1. A ( −4, 7 )
2. B ( 7, −6 )
3. C ( −1, −2 )
4. D ( −4, 2 )
5. E ( −5, −5 )
6. F ( 0, 4 )
7. G ( −2.5, 0 )
8. H ( 0, 0 )
9. I ( −5, −3)
 1
10. J  5, − 
 2
II. Complete the table below with the
coordinates and the quadrants
where each point lies.

Point Coordinates Quadrant

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 What I Have Learned
Complete each sentence with the correct word or phrase.
1. The point with coordinates ( −4, 2 ) can be plotted on the coordinate
system.
2. The coordinates of the origin are .
3. The horizontal axis of the Cartesian plane is also called the .
4. The pair of numbers ( 8, −6 ) is known as a/an pair.
5. In the given point with coordinates ( −1, −2 ) , the −1 is called the .
6. The y − coordinate is also named as .
7. The x − axis and y − axis divide the Cartesian plane into four (4) regions called the .
8. is the point of intersection of the two (2) coordinate axes.
9. In order to plot the point with coordinates ( −4,8 ) , start at the and move 4
units to the and then move 8 units .
10. The determines the distance from a point to the vertical line, while the
refers to the distance from a point to the horizontal line.

What I Can Do
Pin the City
Hon. Marcelino R. Teodoro is the
current mayor of Marikina City. One of
his functions is to promote the tourist
destinations of the city. He appoints and
tasks people to manage different places
in the city to ensure the safety and
orderliness of the Marikeños and its
visitors.

Task: Pin ten (10) trademarks or tourist

spots in Marikina. On a Marikina Map, create a Cartesian plane on top of it and locate these
trademarks. Label the points with their coordinates and the name of each trademark, ex. (5,4)
Diocesan Shrine and Parish of Our Lady of the Abandoned. On a separate sheet of paper, create a
table and list down the coordinates of each point, and determine the quadrant where each point
lies.
Rubric for grading:
Fairly Needs
Excellent Satisfactory
Criteria Satisfactory Improvement
5 points 4 points
3 points 2 points
Completeness The student The student The student The student presented
presented 10 correct presented 8-9 presented 6-7 correct 5 and below correct
trademarks /tourist correct trademarks trademarks /tourist trademarks /tourist
destinations in /tourist destinations destinations in destinations in
Marikina with the in Marikina with the Marikina with the Marikina with the
correct labeling of correct labeling of correct labeling of correct labeling of
each point. each point. each point. each point.
Points and The student lists The student lists The student lists The student lists down
down all the points down all the points down all the points all the points and
Quadrants and determines the and determines the and determines the determines the
quadrants correctly. quadrants with 1-2 quadrants with 3-4 quadrants with 5 or
errors. errors. more errors.

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 Assessment
Read and understand each question. Write the best answer on the space provided.
__________1. Which of the following is classified as the two axes in the Cartesian plane?
A. Cartesian axes C. notation axes
B. coordinate axes D. interval axes
__________2. In the Cartesian plane, the x − axis is also referred to as .
A. Cartesian plane C. horizontal axis
B. notation axis D. vertical axis
__________3. Which ordered pair is located on the x-axis?
A. (0, 5) C. (10, 10)
B. (6, 3) D. (8, 0)
__________4. What ordered pair is located 3 units to the left and 4
units up from point P?
A. (1, 1)
B. ( 5, 7 )
C. ( −5, 1)
D. ( 3, 4 )
__________5. Which set of points is on a line perpendicular to the x-axis?
A. P ( 3, 6 ) , Q ( 2, 4 ) , R ( 0, 0 ) C. V ( 4, 8 ) , W ( 7, 8 ) , X ( 0, 8 )
B. S ( 6, 9 ) , T ( 6, 11) , U ( 6, 4 ) D. K (10, 5 ) , L ( 4, 2 ) , M (8, 4 )

Additional Activities
I. Something is hiding in the picture. Plot the coordinates of each point and connect each
sequence of points with a line.

1. (0,1) , (-4,1) , (-7,0) , (-8,-2) , (-7,-4) , (-4,-4) , (0,-4) , (2,-2) , (2,3) , (3,4) , (5,4) , (5,3.5) ,
(5,4.5) , (4,5.5) , (2,5.5) , (1,5) , (0,4) , (0,0) End of Sequence
2. (-6,-2) , (-4,-3) , (-0.5,-2) , (0,0) , (-2,0) , (-5,-1) , (-6,-2) End of Sequence
3. (2,1) , (6,0) , (7,0) , (7,3) , (7.5,4) , (8,3) , (8,-0.5) , (6,-1) , (2,0) End of Sequence
4. (7,2) , (8,2) End of Sequence
5. (7,1) , (8,1) End of Sequence
6. (7,3) , (8,3) End of Sequence
7. (4,5) End of Sequence

What is hiding in the picture?

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 SUMMATIVE TEST
Read and understand each question. Write the correct answer in the space provided.

__________1. Which of the following is classified as the two axes in the Cartesian coordinate
system?
A. notation axes C. Cartesian axes
B. interval axes D. coordinate axes
__________2. Who among the choices developed the coordinate system?
A. Pythagoras C. Euclid
B. René Descartes D. Carl Friedrich Gauss
__________3. In the Cartesian plane, the point of intersection of x − axis and y − axis is referred
to as .
A. Cartesian plane C. horizontal axis
B. origin D. vertical axis
__________4. Which of the following is the set of two real numbers that locate a point on a plane?
A. origin B. ordered pair C. graph D. point
__________5. In an ordered pair ( 2,7 ) , the 2 represents?
A. abscissa B. ordinate C. origin D. coordinates
__________6. Which of these points lie on Quadrant II?
A. ( 6, −3 ) B. ( 5,1) C. ( −2, −7 ) D. ( −8,6 )
__________7. On which quadrant does ( −2, −9 ) lies?
A. I B. II C. III D. IV
__________8. Which ordered pair locates a point on the x − axis?
A. (2, 2) B. (0, 3) C. (4, 4) D. (6, 0)
__________9. Which point does NOT lie on either the x-axis or the y-axis?
A. L ( 0, 13) B. M (17, 0 ) C. N (15, 15 ) D. O ( 0, 0 )
__________10. The coordinate axes of the Cartesian coordinate plane divide the region into
quadrants.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3. D. 4
__________11. Which ordered pair comes next in the pattern of ( 2, −1) , ( 3,1) , ( 4, 3 ) , ( 5, 5 ) ,... ?
A. ( 6, 6 ) B. ( 6, 7 ) C. ( 7, 6 ) D. ( 7, 8 )
__________12. Which quadrant contains the point named by ( 2, 5 ) ?
A. I C. III
B. II D. IV
__________13. Using the figure on the right, which point is located at (5, 2)?
A. Point A C. Point C
B. Point B D. Point D
__________14. Point ( 4, − 12 ) is to be plotted on the Cartesian plane, which
of the following is the correct method?
A. 12 units up then 4 units to the right
B. 4 units up then 12 units to the left
C. 4 units down then 12 units to the left
D. 12 units down then 4 units to the right
__________15. A student plots the following points: Point A ( 2, 5 ) , Point
B ( 6, 5 ) , Point C ( 5, 2 ) , and Point D ( 2, 2 ) . Which point
was not plotted correctly?
A. Point A
B. Point B
C. Point C
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 D. Point D
__________16. Which of the following ordered pair 5 units to the right and 3 units up from the
origin?
A. ( 3,5 ) B. ( −3,5 ) C. ( 5,3 ) D. ( 3,5 )
__________17. In the quadrant lV, the abscissa is always , and the ordinate is always
.
A. positive, negative C. negative, negative
B. negative, positive D. positive, positive
__________18. The coordinates (1,3), (4,6), and (7,9) fall on the same line. Which of the choices is
another point that falls on the line?
A. ( 4, 2 ) B. ( 0,0 ) C. ( 2, 4 ) D. ( 5,3 )
__________19. Points K ( 3, −2 ) and L ( 5, −2 ) lie on a line that .
A. is parallel to the x-axis C. is parallel to the y-axis
B. passes through the origin D. passes through Q II and IV
__________20. What is significant about two points that have the same first coordinate or the
same second coordinate?
A. The points are in different quadrants
B. They are located on different lines.
C. They are located on the same line.
D. They are located at the origin.

Answer Key

What I Know
1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C
What’s More
Point Coordinates Quadrant
A
( 5, 2 ) I

B
( −6, 4 ) II

C
( −1, −4 ) III

D
( −10,9 ) II

E Along the
 1
 0,  / ( 0, 0.25 ) y-axis
 4
F
( 8,0 ) Along the
x-axis
G I
 1
 5,  / ( 5, 0.5 )
 2
H
( 6, 4 ) IV

I
( −4, −2 ) III

What I Have Learned

1. Cartesian/Rectangular 6. ordinate
2. ( 0,0 ) 7. quadrants
3. x − axis 8. origin
4. Ordered/coordinate 9. origin, left, up
5. abscissa / x − ordinate 10. Abscissa/ x − coordinate, ordinate/ y − coordinate
Assessment
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B

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Additional Activities

It is a snake.

References:
Descartes and the Cartesian Plane. Retrieved from Miss Meyer’s Math Blog
[Link]
September 17, 2020.

Nivera, Gladys C. and Lapinid, Minie Rose C. (2013) Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities.
Makati City: Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press, Inc. ppg 136-140.

René Descartes and the Fly on the Ceiling. Retrieved from [Link]
descartes-and-fly-ceiling. September 17, 2020.

The Rectangular Coordinate Systems and Graphs. Retrieved from

[Link]
systems-and
graphs/#:~:text=The%20Cartesian%20coordinate%20system%2C%20also,the%20plane%20into
%20four%20sections. August 10, 2020.

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rinalyn M. Salamat (MSHS)

Editor: Analyn C. Santos (MSHS)
Internal Reviewer: Maria A. Nicolas (OIC Principal, MSHS)
Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [Link]@[Link]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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