Android Development Complete Notes &
Interview Q/A
Android Fundamentals
Q: What is Android?
A: Android is an operating system developed by Google for mobile devices.
Q: What is Android Studio?
A: Android Studio is the official IDE for Android development.
Q: What is Gradle?
A: Gradle is a build automation system used to manage dependencies and create APKs.
Q: Core Components
A: Activity, Service, Broadcast Receiver, Content Provider.
Activities & Intents
Q: What is an Activity?
A: An Activity represents a single screen in Android.
Q: Explain Activity Lifecycle
A: onCreate → onStart → onResume → onPause → onStop → onDestroy.
Q: Explicit Intent
A: Used to open another activity inside the app.
Q: Implicit Intent
A: Used to open external apps like browser or dialer.
Jetpack Compose
Q: What is Compose?
A: Modern toolkit for building Android UI using Kotlin.
Q: What is Recomposition?
A: UI updates automatically when state changes.
Q: remember vs rememberSaveable
A: remember survives recomposition while rememberSaveable survives configuration changes.
Q: LazyColumn
A: Efficient scrolling list in Compose.
Coroutines & Flow
Q: What is Coroutine?
A: Coroutine is lightweight asynchronous programming.
Q: Suspend Function
A: Function that can pause and resume without blocking thread.
Q: Dispatchers
A: Main, IO, and Default dispatchers are used for different tasks.
Q: StateFlow vs SharedFlow
A: StateFlow stores state, SharedFlow sends events.
MVVM Architecture
Q: What is MVVM?
A: Model View ViewModel architecture separates UI and business logic.
Q: Advantages
A: Clean code, easy testing, scalable architecture.
Q: ViewModel
A: Stores and manages UI-related data.
Q: Repository Pattern
A: Handles data operations from API or database.
Dependency Injection
Q: What is DI?
A: Dependency Injection provides objects automatically.
Q: What is Hilt?
A: Hilt is Android dependency injection library built on Dagger.
Q: Constructor Injection
A: Dependencies are injected through constructor.
Q: Hilt vs Koin
A: Hilt is compile-time DI, Koin is runtime DI.
Local Data Storage
Q: What is Room Database?
A: Room is SQLite abstraction library.
Q: Room Components
A: Entity, DAO, Database.
Q: DataStore
A: Modern replacement for SharedPreferences.
Q: Caching
A: Caching improves performance by storing temporary data.
Networking & Pagination
Q: What is Retrofit?
A: Retrofit is used for API calls.
Q: What is Pagination?
A: Loading data in chunks instead of all at once.
Q: Paging 3
A: Android library for pagination.
Q: Repository Example
A: Repository communicates with API and ViewModel.
Background Tasks & WorkManager
Q: What is WorkManager?
A: Used for guaranteed background tasks.
Q: Use Cases
A: Upload files, sync data, notifications.
Q: OneTimeWorkRequest
A: Runs work one time.
Q: PeriodicWorkRequest
A: Runs periodic tasks.
Firebase
Q: What is Firebase?
A: Backend-as-a-Service by Google.
Q: Firebase Authentication
A: Provides login/signup functionality.
Q: Realtime Database
A: Provides real-time data synchronization.
Q: Firebase Analytics
A: Tracks user behavior.
Advanced Android Concepts
Q: What is ANR?
A: Application Not Responding error when UI thread blocks.
Q: Memory Leak
A: Unused memory not released properly.
Q: Deep Linking
A: Open specific screen directly using URL.
Q: Security Best Practices
A: Use HTTPS, encrypt data, avoid hardcoded keys.
App Optimization & Publishing
Q: APK vs AAB
A: APK is installable file while AAB is Play Store bundle.
Q: What is Proguard?
A: Used for code shrinking and obfuscation.
Q: Optimization Tips
A: Reduce overdraw, optimize images, use pagination.
Q: Publishing Steps
A: Generate signed APK/AAB and upload to Play Store.