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Participatory Rural Appraisal (Pra) : A Focus On FGD

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a participatory tool developed in the late 1980s for collecting qualitative and quantitative data about rural life, involving a multidisciplinary team. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) are a key method within PRA, serving as either a primary or supplementary data source, and involve careful planning, participant selection, and moderation. The principles of PRA emphasize learning, diversity, and shared responsibility among rural communities.

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2 views8 pages

Participatory Rural Appraisal (Pra) : A Focus On FGD

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a participatory tool developed in the late 1980s for collecting qualitative and quantitative data about rural life, involving a multidisciplinary team. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) are a key method within PRA, serving as either a primary or supplementary data source, and involve careful planning, participant selection, and moderation. The principles of PRA emphasize learning, diversity, and shared responsibility among rural communities.

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rufayda08
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© All Rights Reserved
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PARTICIPATORY RURAL

APPRAISAL (PRA):
A Focus on FGD
The Genesis
• Participatory Rural Appraisal has emerged as a
participatory tool of learning in the late 80s
• It is a continuum and of Rapid Rural Appraisal and
other field-based and people-oriented
participatory approaches
• PRA has emerged as important data collection
method (both qualitative and quantitative)
• Emerging primarily as an appraisals method, PRA
has subsequently been applied in several
activities of a project cycle, including planning,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation
Definition Features
• “ A semi-structured activity • Undertaken by
carried out in the field, by a multidisciplinary team with
multidisciplinary team and multidisciplinary perspectives
designed to quickly acquire
new information on, and new • It is quick
hypothesis about rural life”. • Information gathering
(McCracken et al., 1988) technique
• Exploratory in nature

Chambers (1997) describes PRA as a new method in which


rural people themselves do much of the investigation,
presentation, analysis, planning and dissemination.

Three pillars are identified by Chambers


1. Methods 2. Attitudes and Behaviour 3. Sharing
Principles
• Reversal of Learning
• Learning rapidly and progressively
• Offsetting biases
• Optimizing trade-off
• Triangulating
• Seeking complexity and diversity
• Facilitating- they do it
• Self critical awareness and responsibility
• Sharing
Tools and Techniques
Focus Group Discussion (FGD)
• Focus group discussion are
used as a “ self-contained”
method is studies in which
they serve as the principal
source of data
• They are used as a
“supplementary” source of
data in studies that rely on
some other primary method
• They are used in “Multi-
method” studies that
combine two or more means
of gathering data in which
no one primary method
determines the use of the
others
Steps in FGD
• Planning
• Usually Semi structured
• Develop discussion topic
• Select the place
• Logistic arrangement
• Determine the time
• Selection of the group
• 7-8 participants (at least)
• Having right kind of informants
• Moderating the focus group
• The moderator needs to have good idea of what should be the
opening, introductory, transition, key and editing questions
• Avoid close ended questions
• Analyzing and reporting
• The data and information could be in the form of notes
• If the data is amenable, construction of diagrams, tables, metrics
and graphs can also be attempted

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