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Bitwise Shift Operators Java VTU

In Java, bitwise shift operators include Left Shift (<<), Right Shift (>>), and Unsigned Right Shift (>>>), which move bits of a number left or right. The Left Shift operator multiplies the number by 2, the Right Shift operator divides it by 2 while preserving the sign, and the Unsigned Right Shift operator also divides but fills with 0s, ignoring the sign. Examples illustrate how each operator functions with specific numbers.

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3 views1 page

Bitwise Shift Operators Java VTU

In Java, bitwise shift operators include Left Shift (<<), Right Shift (>>), and Unsigned Right Shift (>>>), which move bits of a number left or right. The Left Shift operator multiplies the number by 2, the Right Shift operator divides it by 2 while preserving the sign, and the Unsigned Right Shift operator also divides but fills with 0s, ignoring the sign. Examples illustrate how each operator functions with specific numbers.

Uploaded by

subiyabi741
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Bitwise Shift Operators in Java

In Java, bitwise shift operators are used to move bits of a number to the left or right. They are
mainly of three types: Left Shift (<<), Right Shift (>>), and Unsigned Right Shift (>>>).

1■■ Left Shift Operator ( << )


- Shifts all bits to the left by the given number of positions.
- Fills 0s on the right side.
- Each shift to the left multiplies the number by 2.
Example: 5 << 1
Original value 0000 0101 (decimal 5)
Shift left by 1 0000 1010
Result Decimal 10
Explanation: 5 << 1 shifts all bits one place left and inserts 0 on the right. Hence, 5 × 2¹ = 10.

2■■ Right Shift Operator ( >> )


- Shifts all bits to the right by the given number of positions.
- Preserves the sign bit (copies leftmost bit).
- Each right shift divides the number by 2.
Example: 20 >> 2
Original value 0001 0100 (decimal 20)
Shift right by 2 0000 0101
Result Decimal 5
Explanation: 20 >> 2 shifts bits two places right and keeps the sign bit 0. Hence, 20 ÷ 2² = 5.

3■■ Unsigned Right Shift Operator ( >>> )


- Shifts all bits to the right and fills 0s on the left side.
- Does not preserve the sign bit (ignores the sign).
- Used mainly for unsigned shifting.
Example: -4 >>> 1
Original value 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111100
Shift right by 1 01111111 11111111 11111111 11111110
Result Decimal 2147483646
Explanation: -4 >>> 1 shifts bits one place right and fills 0 on the left. Since the sign bit is ignored,
the result becomes a large positive number.

■ Summary Table
Operator Name Effect Example Output
<< Left Shift Multiplies by 2■ 5 << 1 10
>> Right Shift (signed) Divides by 2■, keeps sign 20 >> 2 5
>>> Unsigned Right Shift Right shift with 0-fill -4 >>> 1 2147483646

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