05/02/2026, 21:36 QuestionBank Test

Questions
[Link].TZ0.3
Urvashi wants to model the height of a moving object. She collects the following data
showing the height, ℎ metres, of the object at time 𝑡 seconds.

She believes the height can be modeled by a quadratic function, ℎ ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎𝑡2 + 𝑏𝑡 + 𝑐,

where 𝑎,𝑏,𝑐 ∈ 𝑅.

Hence find

a. Show that 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 = 34. [1]

b. Write down two more equations for 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐. [3]

c. Solve this system of three equations to find the value of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐. [4]

d.i. when the height of the object is zero. [3]

[Link]. the maximum height of the object. [2]

[Link].TZ0.13
Beth goes for a run. She uses a fitness app to record her distance, 𝑠 km, and time, 𝑡
minutes. A graph of her distance against time is shown.

Beth runs at a constant speed of 2.3 ms–1 for the first 8 minutes.

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Between 8 and 20 minutes, her distance can be modeled by a cubic function,

𝑠 = 𝑎𝑡3 + 𝑏𝑡2 + 𝑐𝑡 + 𝑑. She reads the following data from her app.

Hence find

a.

Calculate her distance after 8 minutes. Give your answer in km, correct to 3
decimal places.

[2]

b. Find the value of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑. [5]

c.i. the distance she runs in 20 minutes. [2]

[Link]. her maximum speed, in ms–1. [4]

[Link].TZ0.13
It is believed that two variables, 𝑚 and 𝑝 are related. Experimental values of 𝑚 and 𝑝 are
obtained. A graph of ln𝑚 against 𝑝 shows a straight line passing through (2.1, 7.3) and
(5.6, 2.4).

Hence, find

a.

Find the equation of the straight line, giving your answer in the form ln𝑚 = 𝑎𝑝 + 𝑏,
where 𝑎,𝑏 ∈ 𝑅.

[3]

b.i. a formula for 𝑚 in terms of 𝑝. [1]

[Link]. the value of 𝑚 when 𝑝 = 0. [1]

[Link].TZ0.14
It is believed that two variables, 𝑣 and 𝑤 are related by the equation 𝑣 = 𝑘𝑤𝑛 , where
𝑘,𝑛 ∈ 𝑅. Experimental values of 𝑣 and 𝑤 are obtained. A graph of ln𝑣 against ln𝑤 shows a
straight line passing through (−1.7, 4.3) and (7.1, 17.5).

Find the value of 𝑘 and of 𝑛.

[Link].TZ1.H_8
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The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5 is shown in the following diagram. The curve

intercepts the 𝑥-axis at (1, 0) and (4, 0) and has a local minimum at (3, −1).

The shaded area enclosed by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) , the 𝑥-axis and the 𝑦-axis is 0.5. Given
that 𝑓 ( 0 ) = 3,

The area enclosed by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) and the 𝑥-axis between 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 4 is 2.5
.

a.

Write down the 𝑥-coordinate of the point of inflexion on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .

[1]

b. find the value of 𝑓 ( 1 ) . [3]

c. find the value of 𝑓 ( 4 ) . [2]

d.

Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5 indicating clearly the coordinates of the

maximum and minimum points and any intercepts with the coordinate axes.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.H_11

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Consider the functions 𝑓 and 𝑔 defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ln|𝑥|, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 \ { 0 } , and

𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = ln|𝑥 + 𝑘|, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 \ { −𝑘 } , where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑘 > 2.

The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect at the point P .

a. Describe the transformation by which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is transformed to 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . [1]

b. State the range of 𝑔. [1]

c.

Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) and 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) on the same axes, clearly stating the
points of intersection with any axes.

[6]

d. Find the coordinates of P. [2]

e. The tangent to 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) at P passes through the origin (0, 0).

Determine the value of 𝑘. [7]

[Link].TZ1.H_12
Consider 𝑓(𝑥) = − 1 + ln⁡( √ 𝑥 2 − 1 )

The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = − 1 + ln⁡( √ 𝑥 2 − 1 ) , 𝑥 ∈ 𝐷

The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = − 1 + ln⁡( √ 𝑥 2 − 1 ) , 𝑥 ∈ ] 1, ∞ [ .

a. Find the largest possible domain 𝐷 for 𝑓 to be a function. [2]

b.

Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) showing clearly the equations of asymptotes and the
coordinates of any intercepts with the axes.

[3]

c. Explain why 𝑓 is an even function. [1]

d. Explain why the inverse function 𝑓−1 does not exist. [1]

e. Find the inverse function 𝑔−1 and state its domain. [4]

f. Find 𝑔′ (𝑥). [3]

g.i. Hence, show that there are no solutions to 𝑔′ (𝑥) = 0; [2]

[Link]. Hence, show that there are no solutions to (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) = 0. [2]

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[Link].TZ2.H_10
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑑
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑
, for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ − 𝑐 .

2𝑥 − 3
The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 2
𝑥−2

a. Find the inverse function 𝑓−1 , stating its domain. [5]

𝐵
b.i. Express 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) in the form 𝐴 + 𝑥 − 2 where A, B are constants. [2]

[Link].

Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . State the equations of any asymptotes and

the coordinates of any intercepts with the axes.

[3]

c. The function ℎ is defined by ℎ ( 𝑥 ) = √ 𝑥, for 𝑥 ≥ 0.

State the domain and range of ℎ ∘ 𝑔. [4]

[Link].TZ2.H_10
𝜋 𝜋
Consider the expression 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = tan ( 𝑥 + 4 ) cot( 4 − 𝑥 ) .

The expression 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) can be written as 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) where 𝑡 = tan𝑥.

Let 𝛼, β be the roots of 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑘, where 0 < 𝑘 < 1.

5𝜋 𝜋
a.i. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) for − 8 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 8 . [2]

[Link].

With reference to your graph, explain why 𝑓 is a function on the given domain. [1]

[Link]. Explain why 𝑓 has no inverse on the given domain. [1]

3𝜋 𝜋
[Link]. Explain why 𝑓 is not a function for − ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 4. [1]
4

2
b. 1+𝑡
Show that 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) = ( 1 − 𝑡 ) . [3]

c.

Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑡 ) for t ≤ 0. Give the coordinates of any intercepts and
the equations of any asymptotes.

[3]

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d.i. Find 𝛼 and β in terms of 𝑘. [5]

[Link]. Show that 𝛼 + β < −2. [2]

[Link].TZ1.S_3
Consider a function f (x) , for −2 ≤ x ≤ 2 . The following diagram shows the graph of f.

On the grid above, sketch the graph of f −1.

[Link].TZ2.S_6
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2, for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.

a. Show that (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2 + 3. [2]

b. On the following grid, sketch the graph of (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥), for 0 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.25.

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[3]

c.

The equation (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑘 has exactly two solutions, for 0 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.25. Find the
possible values of 𝑘.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.H_3
𝜋 𝜋
Consider the function 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 4cos𝑥 + 1, 𝑎 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2
where 𝑎 < 2 .

a.
𝜋
For 𝑎 = − 2 , sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . Indicate clearly the maximum and
minimum values of the function.

[3]

b. Write down the least value of 𝑎 such that 𝑔 has an inverse. [1]

c.i. For the value of 𝑎 found in part (b), write down the domain of 𝑔−1 . [1]

[Link]. For the value of 𝑎 found in part (b), find an expression for 𝑔−1 ( 𝑥 ) . [2]

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[Link].TZ2.S_3
The following diagram shows the graph of a function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), for −6 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ − 2.

The points ( − 6, 6) and ( − 2, 6) lie on the graph of 𝑓. There is a minimum point at

( − 4, 0).

Write down the range of 𝑓.

[Link].TZ2.H_2
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 + 5, − 2 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2.

a. Write down the range of 𝑓. [2]

b. Find an expression for 𝑓−1 (𝑥). [2]

c. Write down the domain and range of 𝑓−1 . [2]

[Link].TZ0.H_6
a.
1 − 3𝑥
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 , showing clearly any asymptotes and stating the
coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.

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[4]

b. 1 − 3𝑥
Hence or otherwise, solve the inequality | 𝑥 − 2 | < 2. [5]

[Link].TZ0.S_1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 5, for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.

a. Find 𝑓(8). [2]

b. Find (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥). [2]

c. Solve (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 0. [3]

[Link].TZ2.S_5
The following diagram shows the graph of a function 𝑓, for −4 ≤ x ≤ 2.

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a. On the same axes, sketch the graph of 𝑓 ( −𝑥 ) . [2]

b.

Another function, 𝑔, can be written in the form 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎 × 𝑓 ( 𝑥 + 𝑏 ) . The following

diagram shows the graph of 𝑔.

Write down the value of a and of b. [4]

[Link].TZ0.S_8
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5. The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓.

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2
The function can be written in the form 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ( 𝑥 − ℎ ) + 𝑘.

b. Find the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph of 𝑓. [2]

c.i. Write down the value of ℎ. [1]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑘. [3]

d.

The graph of a second function, 𝑔, is obtained by a reflection of the graph of 𝑓 in

−3
the 𝑦-axis, followed by a translation of ( ).
6

Find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of 𝑔. [5]

[Link].TZ2.S_4
The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑓 with 𝑥-intercept (5, 0) and 𝑦-
intercept (0, 8).

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a.i. Find the 𝑦-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) + 3. [1]

[Link]. Find the 𝑦-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 ( 4𝑥 ) . [2]

b. Find the 𝑥-intercept of the graph of 𝑓 ( 2𝑥 ) . [2]

c. Describe the transformation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 + 1 ) . [2]

[Link].TZ1.S_4
Let f(x) = ax2 − 4x − c. A horizontal line, L , intersects the graph of f at x = −1 and x = 3.

a.i. The equation of the axis of symmetry is x = p. Find p. [2]

[Link]. Hence, show that a = 2. [2]

[Link].TZ2.S_6
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥 − 4𝑝, where p ≠ 0. Find Find the number of roots for the equation
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 0.

Justify your answer.

[Link].TZ0.S_1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 5.

The function can also be expressed in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘.

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a. Find the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph of 𝑓. [2]

b. (i) Write down the value of ℎ. (ii) Find the value of 𝑘. [4]

[Link].TZ1.T_12
Consider the quadratic function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 22.

The equation of the line of symmetry of the graph 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is 𝑥 = 1.75.

The graph intersects the x-axis at the point (−2 , 0).

a. Using only this information, write down an equation in terms of a and b. [1]

b. Using this information, write down a second equation in terms of a and b. [1]

c. Hence find the value of a and of b. [2]

d. The graph intersects the x-axis at a second point, P.

Find the x-coordinate of P. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
A quadratic function 𝑓 is given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. The points (0, 5) and ( − 4, 5) lie
on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).

The 𝑦-coordinate of the minimum of the graph is 3.

Find the value of 𝑎 and of 𝑏.

[Link].TZ1.T_15
The graph of a quadratic function has 𝑦-intercept 10 and one of its 𝑥-intercepts is 1.

The 𝑥-coordinate of the vertex of the graph is 3.

The equation of the quadratic function is in the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐.

a. Write down the value of 𝑐. [1]

b. Find the value of 𝑎 and of 𝑏. [4]

c. Write down the second 𝑥-intercept of the function. [1]

[Link].TZ2.T_13

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A factory produces shirts. The cost, C, in Fijian dollars (FJD), of producing x shirts can be
modelled by

C(x) = (x − 75)2 + 100.

The cost of production should not exceed 500 FJD. To do this the factory needs to
produce at least 55 shirts and at most s shirts.

a. Find the cost of producing 70 shirts. [2]

b. Find the value of s. [2]

c. Find the number of shirts produced when the cost of production is lowest. [2]

[Link].TZ2.T_15
Consider the following graphs of quadratic functions.

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The equation of each of the quadratic functions can be written in the form
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐, where 𝑎 ≠ 0.

Each of the sets of conditions for the constants 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐, in the table below,
corresponds to one of the graphs above.

Write down the number of the corresponding graph next to each set of conditions.

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[Link].TZ0.T_15
Maria owns a cheese factory. The amount of cheese, in kilograms, Maria sells in one
week, 𝑄, is given by

𝑄 = 882 − 45𝑝,

where 𝑝 is the price of a kilogram of cheese in euros (EUR).

Maria earns (𝑝 − 6.80) EUR for each kilogram of cheese sold.

To calculate her weekly profit 𝑊, in EUR, Maria multiplies the amount of cheese she sells
by the amount she earns per kilogram.

a.

Write down how many kilograms of cheese Maria sells in one week if the price of a
kilogram of cheese is 8 EUR.

[1]

b.

Find how much Maria earns in one week, from selling cheese, if the price of a
kilogram of cheese is 8 EUR.

[2]

c. Write down an expression for 𝑊 in terms of 𝑝. [1]

d. Find the price, 𝑝, that will give Maria the highest weekly profit. [2]

[Link].TZ1.T_9
In an experiment, a number of fruit flies are placed in a container. The population of fruit
flies, P , increases and can be modelled by the function

𝑃 ( 𝑡 ) = 12 × 30.498𝑡 , 𝑡 ⩾ 0,

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where t is the number of days since the fruit flies were placed in the container.

a.i. Find the number of fruit flies which were placed in the container. [2]

[Link]. Find the number of fruit flies that are in the container after 6 days. [2]

b. The maximum capacity of the container is 8000 fruit flies.

Find the number of days until the container reaches its maximum capacity. [2]

[Link].TZ2.T_10
The following function models the growth of a bacteria population in an experiment,

P (t ) = A × 2 t , t ≥ 0

where A is a constant and t is the time, in hours, since the experiment began.

Four hours after the experiment began, the bacteria population is 6400.

a. Find the value of A. [2]

b. Interpret what A represents in this context. [1]

c.

Find the time since the experiment began for the bacteria population to be equal
to 40A.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.T_12
Sejah placed a baking tin, that contained cake mix, in a preheated oven in order to bake
a cake. The temperature in the centre of the cake mix, 𝑇, in degrees Celsius (°C) is given
by

𝑇(𝑡) = 150 − 𝑎 × (1.1)−𝑡

where 𝑡 is the time, in minutes, since the baking tin was placed in the oven. The graph of
𝑇 is shown in the following diagram.

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The temperature in the centre of the cake mix was 18 °C when placed in the oven.

The baking tin is removed from the oven 15 minutes after the temperature in the centre
of the cake mix has reached 130 °C.

a. Write down what the value of 150 represents in the context of the question.

[1]

b. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

c. Find the total time that the baking tin is in the oven. [3]

[Link].TZ0.14
The graph of 𝑦 = − 𝑥 3 is transformed onto the graph of 𝑦 = 33 − 0.08𝑥 3 by a
translation of 𝑎 units vertically and a stretch parallel to the 𝑥-axis of scale factor 𝑏.

a.i. Write down the value of 𝑎. [1]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]

b.

The outer dome of a large cathedral has the shape of a hemisphere of diameter 32
m, supported by vertical walls of height 17 m. It is also supported by an inner dome
which can be modelled by rotating the curve 𝑦 = 33 − 0.08𝑥 3 through 360° about
the 𝑦-axis between 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑦 = 33, as indicated in the diagram.

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Find the volume of the space between the two domes. [5]

[Link].TZ0.5
Professor Vinculum investigated the migration season of the Bulbul bird from their
natural wetlands to a warmer climate.

He found that during the migration season their population, 𝑃 could be modelled by
𝑃 = 1350 + 400 ( 1.25 ) −𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0 , where 𝑡 is the number of days since the start of
the migration season.

a.i. Find the population of the Bulbul birds at the start of the migration season.

[1]

[Link]. Find the population of the Bulbul birds after 5 days. [2]

b. Calculate the time taken for the population to decrease below 1400. [2]

c.

According to this model, find the smallest possible population of Bulbul birds
during the migration season.

[1]

[Link].TZ0.5
The braking distance of a vehicle is defined as the distance travelled from where the
brakes are applied to the point where the vehicle comes to a complete stop.

The speed, 𝑠ms−1 , and braking distance, 𝑑m, of a truck were recorded. This information
is summarized in the following table.

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This information was used to create Model A, where 𝑑 is a function of 𝑠, 𝑠 ≥ 0.

Model A: 𝑑 ( 𝑠 ) = 𝑝𝑠2 + 𝑞𝑠, where 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ 𝑍

At a speed of 6ms−1 , Model A can be represented by the equation 6𝑝 + 𝑞 = 2.

Additional data was used to create Model B, a revised model for the braking distance of
a truck.

Model B: 𝑑 ( 𝑠 ) = 0.95𝑠2 − 3.92𝑠

The actual braking distance at 20ms−1 is 320m.

a.i.

Write down a second equation to represent Model A, when the speed is 10ms−1 .

[2]

[Link]. Find the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞. [2]

b. Find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑑 ( 𝑠 ) . [2]

c.

Using the values in the table and your answer to part (b), sketch the graph of
𝑦 = 𝑑 ( 𝑠 ) for 0 ≤ 𝑠 ≤ 10 and −10 ≤ 𝑑 ≤ 60, clearly showing the vertex.

[3]

d. Hence, identify why Model A may not be appropriate at lower speeds. [1]

e.

Use Model B to calculate an estimate for the braking distance at a speed of 20ms−1
.

[2]

f. Calculate the percentage error in the estimate in part (e). [2]

g.

It is found that once a driver realizes the need to stop their vehicle, 1.6 seconds will
elapse, on average, before the brakes are engaged. During this reaction time, the
vehicle will continue to travel at its original speed.

A truck approaches an intersection with speed 𝑠ms−1 . The driver notices the
intersection’s traffic lights are red and they must stop the vehicle within a distance
of 330m.
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Using model B and taking reaction time into account, calculate the maximum
possible speed of the truck if it is to stop before the intersection.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.8
The intensity level of sound, 𝐿 measured in decibels (dB), is a function of the
sound intensity, 𝑆 watts per square metre (W m−2). The intensity level is given by the
following formula.

𝐿 = 10log10 ( 𝑆 × 1012 ) , 𝑆 ≥ 0.

a.

An orchestra has a sound intensity of 6.4 × 10−3 W m−2 . Calculate the intensity
level, 𝐿 of the orchestra.

[2]

b. A rock concert has an intensity level of 112 dB. Find the sound intensity, 𝑆. [2]

[Link].TZ0.HSRG_4
Consider the functions 𝑓, 𝑔 : 𝑅 × 𝑅 → 𝑅 × 𝑅 defined by

𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) and 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑥𝑦, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ) .

a.i. Find ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) . [3]

[Link]. Find ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) . [2]

b. State with a reason whether or not 𝑓 and 𝑔 commute. [1]

c. Find the inverse of 𝑓. [3]

[Link].TZ0.S_10
Note: In this question, distance is in millimetres.
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𝜋
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑎sin⁡( 𝑥 − 2
) + 𝑎, for 𝑥 ⩾ 0.

The graph of 𝑓 passes through the origin. Let P𝑘 be any point on the graph of 𝑓 with 𝑥-
coordinate 2𝑘𝜋, where 𝑘 ∈ 𝑁. A straight line 𝐿 passes through all the points P𝑘 .

Diagram 1 shows a saw. The length of the toothed edge is the distance AB.

The toothed edge of the saw can be modelled using the graph of 𝑓 and the line 𝐿.
Diagram 2 represents this model.

The shaded part on the graph is called a tooth. A tooth is represented by the region
enclosed by the graph of 𝑓 and the line 𝐿, between P𝑘 and P𝑘 + 1 .

a. Show that 𝑓(2𝜋) = 2𝜋. [3]

b.i. Find the coordinates of P0 and of P1 . [3]

[Link]. Find the equation of 𝐿. [3]

c. Show that the distance between the 𝑥-coordinates of P𝑘 and P𝑘 + 1 is 2𝜋. [2]

d.

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A saw has a toothed edge which is 300 mm long. Find the number of complete
teeth on this saw.

[6]

[Link].TZ1.S_8
At Grande Anse Beach the height of the water in metres is modelled by the function
ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑝cos(𝑞 × 𝑡) + 𝑟, where 𝑡 is the number of hours after 21:00 hours on 10 December
2017. The following diagram shows the graph of ℎ , for 0 ⩽ 𝑡 ⩽ 72.

The point A(6.25, 0.6) represents the first low tide and B(12.5, 1.5) represents the next
high tide.

a.i. How much time is there between the first low tide and the next high tide?

[2]

[Link]. Find the difference in height between low tide and high tide. [2]

b.i. Find the value of 𝑝; [2]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑞; [3]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑟. [2]

c.

There are two high tides on 12 December 2017. At what time does the second high
tide occur?

[3]

[Link].TZ0.9
In this question you will explore possible models for the spread of an infectious disease

An infectious disease has begun spreading in a country. The National Disease Control
Centre (NDCC) has compiled the following data after receiving alerts from hospitals.
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A graph of 𝑛 against 𝑑 is shown below.

The NDCC want to find a model to predict the total number of people infected, so they
can plan for medicine and hospital facilities. After looking at the data, they think an
exponential function in the form 𝑛 = 𝑎𝑏𝑑 could be used as a model.

Use your answer to part (a) to predict

The NDCC want to verify the accuracy of these predictions. They decide to perform a 𝜒2
goodness of fit test.

The predictions given by the model for the first five days are shown in the table.

In fact, the first day when the total number of people infected is greater than 1000 is
day 14, when a total of 1015 people are infected.
𝐿
Based on this new data, the NDCC decide to try a logistic model in the form 𝑛 = .
1 + 𝑐𝑒−𝑘𝑑

Use the data from days 1–5, together with day 14, to find the value of

a.

Use an exponential regression to find the value of 𝑎 and of 𝑏, correct to 4 decimal

places.

[3]

b.i. the number of new people infected on day 6. [3]

[Link]. the day when the total number of people infected will be greater than 1000.

[2]

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c.

Use your answer to part (a) to show that the model predicts 16.7 people will be
infected on the first day.

[1]

d.i. Explain why the number of degrees of freedom is 2. [2]

[Link].

Perform a 𝜒2 goodness of fit test at the 5% significance level. You should clearly
state your hypotheses, the p-value, and your conclusion.

[5]

e. Give two reasons why the prediction in part (b)(ii) might be lower than 14. [2]

f.i. 𝐿. [2]

[Link]. 𝑐. [1]

[Link]. 𝑘. [1]

g.

Hence predict the total number of people infected by this disease after several
months.

[2]

h.

Use the logistic model to find the day when the rate of increase of people infected
is greatest.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.H_11
1
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2
, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ − 2, 𝑥 ≠ − 1.

a.i. Express 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 in the form (𝑥 + ℎ)2 + 𝑘. [1]

[Link]. Factorize 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2. [1]

b.

Sketch the graph of 𝑓(𝑥), indicating on it the equations of the asymptotes, the
coordinates of the 𝑦-intercept and the local maximum.

[5]

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1 1 1
c. Show that − 𝑥+2 = . [1]
𝑥+1 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2

1
d. Hence find the value of 𝑝 if ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)d𝑥 = ln⁡(𝑝). [4]

e. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( |𝑥 | ) . [2]

f.

Determine the area of the region enclosed between the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( |𝑥 | ) , the 𝑥
-axis and the lines with equations 𝑥 = − 1 and 𝑥 = 1.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.H_9
2 − 3𝑥5
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑥3
,𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

a. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) has a local maximum at A. Find the coordinates of A.

[5]

b.i. Show that there is exactly one point of inflexion, B, on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) .

[5]

[Link].

The coordinates of B can be expressed in the form B ( 2𝑎 , 𝑏 × 2−3𝑎 ) where a, b ∈ 𝑄

. Find the value of a and the value of b.

[3]

c.

Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) showing clearly the position of the points A and B.

[4]

[Link].TZ2.T_13

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Little Green island originally had no turtles. After 55 turtles were introduced to the island,
their population is modelled by

𝑁 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 × 2−𝑡 + 10,𝑡 ⩾ 0,

where 𝑎 is a constant and 𝑡 is the time in years since the turtles were introduced.

a. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

b. Find the time, in years, for the population to decrease to 20 turtles. [2]

c. There is a number 𝑚 beyond which the turtle population will not decrease.

Find the value of 𝑚. Justify your answer. [2]

[Link].TZ2.T_5
In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.
Karl invests 1000 US dollars (USD) in an account that pays a nominal annual interest of
3.5%, compounded quarterly. He leaves the money in the account for 5 years.

a.i. Calculate the amount of money he has in the account after 5 years. [3]

[Link]. Write down the amount of interest he earned after 5 years. [1]

b.

Karl decides to donate this interest to a charity in France. The charity receives 170
euros (EUR). The exchange rate is 1 USD = t EUR.

Calculate the value of t. [2]

[Link].TZ2.H_4
a.

Sketch the graphs 𝑦 = sin3 𝑥 + ln𝑥 and 𝑦 = 1 + cos𝑥 on the following axes for 0 < 𝑥
≤ 9.

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[2]

b. Hence solve sin3 𝑥 + ln𝑥 − cos𝑥 − 1 < 0 in the range 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 9. [4]

[Link].TZ2.H_2
a.
𝑥
Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = + 1 and 𝑦 = |𝑥 − 2| on the following axes.
2

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[3]
𝑥
b. Solve the equation 2
+ 1 = |𝑥 − 2|. [4]

[Link].TZ1.H_6
Consider the graphs of 𝑦 = |𝑥| and 𝑦 = − |𝑥| + 𝑏, where 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍+ .

a. Sketch the graphs on the same set of axes. [2]

b.

Given that the graphs enclose a region of area 18 square units, find the value of b.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.H_3
𝑏
A rational function is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 + where the parameters 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑍 and
𝑥−𝑐
𝑥 ∈ 𝑅∖{𝑐}. The following diagram represents the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥).

Using the information on the graph,

a. state the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑐; [2]

b. find the value of 𝑏. [2]

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[Link].TZ0.H_5
Consider the function 𝑓 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥arccos(𝑥) where −1 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 1.

a.

Sketch the graph of 𝑓 indicating clearly any intercepts with the axes and the
coordinates of any local maximum or minimum points.

[3]

b. State the range of 𝑓. [2]

c. Solve the inequality |3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| > 1. [4]

[Link].TZ1.S_10
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 12cos𝑥 − 5sin𝑥, − 𝜋 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 2𝜋, be a periodic function with 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 + 2𝜋 )

The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑓.

There is a maximum point at A. The minimum value of 𝑓 is −13 .

A ball on a spring is attached to a fixed point O. The ball is then pulled down and
released, so that it moves back and forth vertically.

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The distance, d centimetres, of the centre of the ball from O at time t seconds, is given
by
𝑑 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) + 17, 0 ⩽ 𝑡 ⩽ 5.

a. Find the coordinates of A. [2]

b.i. For the graph of 𝑓, write down the amplitude. [1]

[Link]. For the graph of 𝑓, write down the period. [1]

c. Hence, write 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the form 𝑝cos ( 𝑥 + 𝑟 ) . [3]

d. Find the maximum speed of the ball. [3]

e. Find the first time when the ball’s speed is changing at a rate of 2 cm s−2. [5]

[Link].TZ2.H_3
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 4, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.

The graph of 𝑓 is translated two units to the left to form the function 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) .

Express 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) in the form 𝑎𝑥 4 + 𝑏𝑥 3 + 𝑐𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒 ∈ 𝑍.

[Link].TZ2.S_6
At an amusement park, a Ferris wheel with diameter 111 metres rotates at a constant
speed. The bottom of the wheel is k metres above the ground. A seat starts at the
bottom of the wheel.
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The wheel completes one revolution in 16 minutes.

𝜋
After t minutes, the height of the seat above ground is given by ℎ ( 𝑡 ) = 61.5 + 𝑎cos ( 8 𝑡 )
, for 0 ≤ t ≤ 32.

Find when the seat is 30 m above the ground for the third time.

[Link].TZ2.S_4
The depth of water in a port is modelled by the function 𝑑(𝑡) = 𝑝cos𝑞𝑡 + 7.5, for
0 ⩽ 𝑡 ⩽ 12, where 𝑡 is the number of hours after high tide.

At high tide, the depth is 9.7 metres.

At low tide, which is 7 hours later, the depth is 5.3 metres.

a. Find the value of 𝑝. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑞. [2]

c. Use the model to find the depth of the water 10 hours after high tide. [2]

[Link].TZ1.S_8
Let 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 2sin ( 3𝑥 ) + 4 for 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.

Let 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 5𝑓 ( 2𝑥 ) .

The function 𝑔 can be written in the form 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 10sin ( 𝑏𝑥 ) + 𝑐.

a. The range of 𝑓 is 𝑘 ≤ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) ≤ 𝑚. Find 𝑘 and 𝑚. [3]

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b. Find the range of 𝑔. [2]

c.i. Find the value of 𝑏 and of 𝑐. [3]

[Link]. Find the period of 𝑔. [2]

d.
4𝜋
The equation 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 12 has two solutions where 𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
. Find both solutions.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.T_4
27
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = − 16𝑥, 𝑥 ≠ 0.
𝑥2

a. Sketch the graph of y = f (x), for −4 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −50 ≤ y ≤ 100. [4]

b.i. Use your graphic display calculator to find the zero of f (x). [1]

[Link].

Use your graphic display calculator to find the coordinates of the local minimum
point.

[2]

[Link].

Use your graphic display calculator to find the equation of the tangent to the
graph of y = f (x) at the point (–2, 38.75).

Give your answer in the form y = mx + c. [2]

[Link].TZ1.H_10
The voltage 𝑣 in a circuit is given by the equation

𝑣 ( 𝑡 ) = 3sin ( 100𝜋𝑡 ) , 𝑡 ⩾ 0 where 𝑡 is measured in seconds.

The current 𝑖 in this circuit is given by the equation

𝑖 ( 𝑡 ) = 2sin ( 100𝜋 ( 𝑡 + 0.003 ) ) .

The power 𝑝 in this circuit is given by 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑣 ( 𝑡 ) × 𝑖 ( 𝑡 ) .

The average power 𝑝𝑎𝑣 in this circuit from 𝑡 = 0 to 𝑡 = 𝑇 is given by the equation
1 𝑇
𝑝𝑎𝑣 ( 𝑇 ) = ∫0 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) d𝑡, where 𝑇 > 0.
𝑇

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a. Write down the maximum and minimum value of 𝑣. [2]

b.

Write down two transformations that will transform the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑣 ( 𝑡 ) onto the
graph of 𝑦 = 𝑖 ( 𝑡 ) .

[2]

c.

Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 0.02 , showing clearly the coordinates of

the first maximum and the first minimum.

[3]

d. Find the total time in the interval 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 0.02 for which 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) ≥ 3. [3]

e. Find 𝑝𝑎𝑣 (0.007). [2]

f. With reference to your graph of 𝑦 = 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) explain why 𝑝𝑎𝑣 ( 𝑇 ) > 0 for all 𝑇 > 0.

[2]

g.

Given that 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) can be written as 𝑝 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎sin ( 𝑏 ( 𝑡 − 𝑐 ) ) + 𝑑 where 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 >

0, use your graph to find the values of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑.

[6]

[Link].TZ0.T_15

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Gabriella purchases a new car.

The car’s value in dollars, 𝑉, is modelled by the function

𝑉(𝑡) = 12870 − 𝑘(1.1)𝑡 , 𝑡 ⩾ 0

where 𝑡 is the number of years since the car was purchased and 𝑘 is a constant.

After two years, the car’s value is $9143.20.

This model is defined for 0 ⩽ 𝑡 ⩽ 𝑛. At 𝑛 years the car’s value will be zero dollars.

a.

Write down, and simplify, an expression for the car’s value when Gabriella
purchased it.

[2]

b. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]

c. Find the value of 𝑛. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_15

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The amount of yeast, g grams, in a sugar solution can be modelled by the function,

g(t) = 10 − k(c−t) for t ≥ 0

where t is the time in minutes.

The graph of g(t) is shown.

The initial amount of yeast in this solution is 2 grams.

The amount of yeast in this solution after 3 minutes is 9 grams.

Write down the maximum amount of yeast in this solution.

[Link].TZ2.T_11
3
Consider the graph of the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥
− 2, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

a. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [2]

b. Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote. [2]

c. Calculate the value of x for which f(x) = 0 . [2]

[Link].TZ2.T_13
The diagram shows part of the graph of a function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥). The graph passes through
point A(1, 3).

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The tangent to the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) at A has equation 𝑦 = − 2𝑥 + 5. Let 𝑁 be the

normal to the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) at A.

a. Write down the value of 𝑓(1). [1]

b.

Find the equation of 𝑁. Give your answer in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑑 = 0 where 𝑎, 𝑏,

𝑑 ∈ 𝑍.

[3]

c. Draw the line 𝑁 on the diagram above. [2]

[Link].TZ1.T_4
48
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥
+ 𝑘𝑥 2 − 58, where x > 0 and k is a constant.

The graph of the function passes through the point with coordinates (4 , 2).

P is the minimum point of the graph of f (x).

a. Find the value of k. [2]

b. Using your value of k , find f ′(x). [3]

c. Use your answer to part (b) to show that the minimum value of f(x) is −22 . [3]

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e. Sketch the graph of y = f (x) for 0 < x ≤ 6 and −30 ≤ y ≤ 60. [4]
Clearly indicate the minimum point P and the x-intercepts on your graph.

[Link].TZ0.T_10
In this question, give your answers to the nearest whole number.

Criselda travelled to Kota Kinabalu in Malaysia. At the airport, she saw the following
information at the Currency Exchange counter.

This means the Currency Exchange counter would buy USD from a traveller and in
exchange return MYR at a rate of 1 USD = 4 . 25 MYR. There is no commission charged.

Criselda changed 460 SGD to MYR.

a. Calculate the amount of MYR that Criselda received. [3]

b.

While in Kota Kinabalu, Criselda spent 440 MYR. She returned to the Currency
Exchange counter and changed the remainder of her MYR into USD.

Calculate the amount of USD she received. [3]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
Elvis Presley is an extremely popular singer. Although he passed away in 1977, many of
his fans continue to pay tribute by dressing like Elvis and singing his songs.

The number of Elvis impersonators, 𝑁𝑡, can be modelled by the function

𝑁𝑡 = 170 × 1 . 31𝑡 ,

where 𝑡, is the number of years since 1977.

a. Write down the number of Elvis impersonators in 1977. [1]

b.

Calculate the time taken for the number of Elvis impersonators to reach 130 000.

[2]

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c. Calculate the number of Elvis impersonators when 𝑡 = 70. [2]

d. The world population in 2047 is projected to be 9 500 000 000 people.

Use this information to explain why the model for the number of Elvis
impersonators is unrealistic.

[1]

[Link].TZ2.T_14
Jashanti is saving money to buy a car. The price of the car, in US Dollars (USD), can be
modelled by the equation

𝑃 = 8500 (0.95)𝑡 .

Jashanti’s savings, in USD, can be modelled by the equation

𝑆 = 400𝑡 + 2000.

In both equations 𝑡 is the time in months since Jashanti started saving for the car.

Jashanti does not want to wait too long and wants to buy the car two months after she
started saving. She decides to ask her parents for the extra money that she needs.

a. Write down the amount of money Jashanti saves per month. [1]

b.

Use your graphic display calculator to find how long it will take for Jashanti to have
saved enough money to buy the car.

[2]

c. Calculate how much extra money Jashanti needs. [3]

[Link].TZ1.T_12
𝑐
The function 𝑓 is of the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + 𝑥 , where 𝑎 , 𝑏 and 𝑐 are positive integers.

Part of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is shown on the axes below. The graph of the function has
its local maximum at ( − 2, − 2) and its local minimum at (2, 6).

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a. Write down the domain of the function. [2]

b.i. Draw the line 𝑦 = − 6 on the axes. [1]

[Link]. Write down the number of solutions to 𝑓(𝑥) = − 6. [1]

c. Find the range of values of 𝑘 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 has no solution. [2]

[Link].TZ1.T_4
1
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 3 + 𝑥 , 𝑥 > 0

1
The function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 3 + , 𝑥 > 0, models the path of a river, as shown
𝑥
on the following map, where both axes represent distance and are measured in
kilometres. On the same map, the location of a highway is defined by the function
−𝑥
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 0.5 ( 3 ) + 1.

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The origin, O(0, 0) , is the location of the centre of a town called Orangeton.

A straight footpath, 𝑃, is built to connect the centre of Orangeton to the river at the
1
point where 𝑥 = .
2

Bridges are located where the highway crosses the river.

A straight road is built from the centre of Orangeton, due north, to connect the town
to the highway.

[Link]. State the domain of 𝑃. [2]

d.

Find the distance from the centre of Orangeton to the point at which the road
meets the highway.

[2]

e. This straight road crosses the highway and then carries on due north.

State whether the straight road will ever cross the river. Justify your answer. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_9
The graph of the quadratic function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐 + 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑥 2 intersects the 𝑥-axis at the point
A( − 1, 0) and has its vertex at the point B(3, 16).

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Find the value of 𝑏.

[Link].TZ0.T_6
The size of a computer screen is the length of its diagonal. Zuzana buys a rectangular
computer screen with a size of 68 cm, a height of 𝑦 cm and a width of 𝑥 cm, as shown in
the diagram.

The ratio between the height and the width of the screen is 3:4.

a. Use this information to write down an equation involving 𝑥 and 𝑦. [1]

b. Use this ratio to write down 𝑦 in terms of 𝑥. [2]

c. Find the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦. [3]

[Link].TZ2.T_6
Consider the straight lines L1 and L2 . R is the point of intersection of these lines.

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The equation of line L1 is y = ax + 5.

The equation of line L2 is y = −2x + 3.

a. Find the value of a. [2]

b. Find the coordinates of R. [2]

c. Line L3 is parallel to line L2 and passes through the point (2, 3).

Find the equation of line L3. Give your answer in the form y = mx + c. [2]

[Link].TZ1.T_3
10
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 0.3𝑥 3 + 𝑥
+ 2−𝑥 .

Consider a second function, 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 3.

a. Calculate 𝑓(1). [2]

b. Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) for −7 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 4 and −30 ⩽ 𝑦 ⩽ 30. [4]

c. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote. [2]

d. Write down the coordinates of the 𝑥-intercept. [2]

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e. Write down the possible values of 𝑥 for which 𝑥 < 0 and 𝑓′ (𝑥) > 0. [2]

f. Find the solution of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥). [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
The diagram shows the graph of the quadratic function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , with
vertex −2, 10.

The equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑘 has two solutions. One of these solutions is 𝑥 = 2.

a. Write down the other solution of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑘. [2]

b.

Complete the table below placing a tick (✔) to show whether the unknown
parameters 𝑎 and 𝑏 are positive, zero or negative. The row for 𝑐 has been
completed as an example.

[2]

c. State the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is decreasing. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
The diagram shows the straight line 𝐿 1 . Points A-9, - 1, M-3, 2 and C are points on 𝐿 1 .

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M is the midpoint of AC.

Line 𝐿 2 is perpendicular to 𝐿 1 and passes through point M.

The point N𝑘, 4 is on 𝐿 2 .

a. Find the gradient of 𝐿 1 . [2]

b. Find the coordinates of point C. [2]

c.

Find the equation of 𝐿 2 . Give your answer in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑑 = 0, where

𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑑 ∈ ℤ.

[3]

d. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]

e. Find the distance between points M and N. [2]

f. Given that the length of AM is √ 45, find the area of triangle ANC. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_12
Jean-Pierre jumps out of an airplane that is flying at constant altitude. Before opening
his parachute, he goes through a period of freefall.

Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed during the time of freefall, 𝑆, in m s-1 , is modelled by the
following function.

𝑆𝑡 = 𝐾 - 601 . 2-𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0

where 𝑡, is the number of seconds after he jumps out of the airplane, and 𝐾 is a
constant. A sketch of Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed against time is shown below.

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Jean-Pierre’s initial vertical speed is 0 m s-1 .

a. Find the value of 𝐾. [2]

b. In the context of the model, state what the horizontal asymptote represents.

[1]

c. Find Jean-Pierre’s vertical speed after 10 seconds. Give your answer in km h−1 .

[3]

[Link].TZ0.T_4
12
Consider the graph of the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑥2
, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

a.i. Write down the zero of 𝑓𝑥. [2]

[Link]. Write down the coordinates of the local minimum point. [2]

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b. Consider the function 𝑔𝑥 = 3 - 𝑥. Solve 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑔𝑥. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
M-Line is a company that prints and sells custom designs on T-shirts. For each order,
they charge an initial design fee and then an additional fee for each printed T-shirt.

M-Line charges 𝑀 euros per order. This charge is modelled by the linear function
𝑀 ( 𝑥 ) = 5𝑥 + 40, where 𝑥 is the number of T-shirts in the order.

EnYear is another company that prints and sells T-shirts. The price, 𝑁 euros, that they
charge for an order can be modelled by the linear function 𝑁 ( 𝑥 ) = 9𝑥, where 𝑥 is the
number of T-shirts in the order.

a. Write down the initial design fee charged for each order. [1]

b. Find the total amount charged for an order of 94 T-shirts. [2]

c.

Write down the number of T-shirts in an order for which EnYear charged 63 euros.

[1]

d.

An order of 𝑝 T-shirts will be charged the same price by both M-Line and EnYear.

Find the value of 𝑝. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
Olava’s Pizza Company supplies and delivers large cheese pizzas.

The total cost to the customer, 𝐶, in Papua New Guinean Kina (PGK), is modelled by the
function
𝐶𝑛 = 34 . 50𝑛 + 8 . 50 , 𝑛 ≥ 2 , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ,

where 𝑛, is the number of large cheese pizzas ordered. This total cost includes a
fixed cost for delivery.

a.i. State, in the context of the question, what the value of 34 . 50 represents. [1]

[Link]. State, in the context of the question, what the value of 8 . 50 represents. [1]

b. Write down the minimum number of pizzas that can be ordered. [1]

c. Kaelani has 450 PGK.

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Find the maximum number of large cheese pizzas that Kaelani can order
from Olava’s Pizza Company.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.S_1
50
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑥
, 𝑥 ≠ 0.

a. Find 𝑓1. [2]

b. Solve 𝑓𝑥 = 0. [2]

c. The graph of 𝑓 has a local minimum at point A. Find the coordinates of A. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
The coordinates of point A are (6, − 7) and the coordinates of point B are ( − 6, 2). Point
M is the midpoint of AB.

𝐿 1 is the line through A and B.

The line 𝐿 2 is perpendicular to 𝐿 1 and passes through M.

Write down, in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐, the equation of 𝐿 2 .

[Link].TZ1.2
The diagram below shows a circular clockface with centre O. The clock’s minute hand
has a length of 10 cm. The clock’s hour hand has a length of 6 cm.

At 4: 00 pm the endpoint of the minute hand is at point A and the endpoint of the hour
hand is at point B.

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Between 4: 00 pm and 4: 13 pm, the endpoint of the minute hand rotates through an
angle, 𝜃, from point A to point C. This is illustrated in the diagram.

A second clock is illustrated in the diagram below. The clock face has radius 10 cm
with minute and hour hands both of length 10 cm. The time shown is 6: 00 am. The
bottom of the clock face is located 3 cm above a horizontal bookshelf.

The height, ℎ centimetres, of the endpoint of the minute hand above the bookshelf
is modelled by the function
ℎ𝜃 = 10 cos 𝜃 + 13, 𝜃 ≥ 0,

where 𝜃 is the angle rotated by the minute hand from 6: 00 am.

The height, 𝑔 centimetres, of the endpoint of the hour hand above the bookshelf is
modelled by the function
𝜃
𝑔𝜃 = - 10 cos 12 + 13, 𝜃 ≥ 0,

where 𝜃 is the angle in degrees rotated by the minute hand from 6: 00 am.

a. ^
Find the size of angle AOB in degrees. [2]
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b. Find the distance between points A and B. [3]

c. Find the size of angle 𝜃 in degrees. [2]

d. Calculate the length of arc AC. [2]

e. Calculate the area of the shaded sector, AOC. [2]

f.

Write down the height of the endpoint of the minute hand above the bookshelf at
6: 00 am.

[1]

g. Find the value of ℎ when 𝜃 = 160°. [2]

h. Write down the amplitude of 𝑔 ( 𝜃 ) . [1]

i. The endpoints of the minute hand and hour hand meet when 𝜃 = 𝑘.

Find the smallest possible value of 𝑘. [2]

[Link].TZ2.T_4
Line 𝐿 intersects the 𝑥-axis at point A and the 𝑦-axis at point B, as shown on the diagram.

The length of line segment OB is three times the length of line segment OA, where O is
the origin.

Point (2, 6) lies on 𝐿.

a. Find the gradient of 𝐿. [2]

b. Find the equation of 𝐿 in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐. [2]

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c. Find the 𝑥-coordinate of point A. [2]

[Link].TZ0.2
A factory produces engraved gold disks. The cost 𝐶 of the disks is directly proportional
to the cube of the radius 𝑟 of the disk.

A disk with a radius of 0 . 8 cm costs 375 US dollars (USD).

a. Find an equation which links 𝐶 and 𝑟. [3]

b. Find, to the nearest USD, the cost of disk that has a radius of 1 . 1 cm. [2]

[Link].TZ0.6
The size of the population ( 𝑃 ) of migrating birds in a particular town can be
approximately modelled by the equation 𝑃 = 𝑎 sin ( 𝑏𝑡 ) + 𝑐, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ+ , where 𝑡 is
measured in months from the time of the initial measurements.

In a 12 month period the maximum population is 2600 and occurs when 𝑡 = 3 and
the minimum population is 800 and occurs when 𝑡 = 9.

This information is shown on the graph below.

a.i. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑐. [1]

b. Find the value of 𝑡 at which the population first reaches 2200. [2]

[Link].TZ0.S_4
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Let 𝑓𝑥 = 4 - 𝑥 3 and 𝑔𝑥 = ln 𝑥, for 𝑥 > 0.

a. Find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥. [2]

b.i. Solve the equation 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑥. [2]

[Link]. Hence or otherwise, given that 𝑔2𝑎 = 𝑓-1 2𝑎, find the value of 𝑎. [3]

[Link].TZ0.8
Let 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑎 cos 𝑏𝑥 - 𝑐, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ+ .

Part of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥 is shown below. Point A is a local maximum and has
coordinates 1, 3 and point B is a local minimum with coordinates 2, - 3.

Write down a sequence of transformations that will transform the graph of 𝑦 = cos 𝑥
onto the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓𝑥.

[Link].TZ0.1
An estate manager is responsible for stocking a small lake with fish. He begins by
introducing 1000 fish into the lake and monitors their population growth to determine
the likely carrying capacity of the lake.

After one year an accurate assessment of the number of fish in the lake is taken and it is
found to be 1200.

Let 𝑁 be the number of fish 𝑡 years after the fish have been introduced to the lake.

Initially it is assumed that the rate of increase of 𝑁 will be constant.

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When 𝑡 = 8 the estate manager again decides to estimate the number of fish in the lake.
To do this he first catches 300 fish and marks them, so they can be recognized if caught
again. These fish are then released back into the lake. A few days later he catches
another 300 fish, releasing each fish after it has been checked, and finds 45 of them are
marked.

Let 𝑋 be the number of marked fish caught in the second sample, where 𝑋 is considered
to be distributed as B𝑛, 𝑝. Assume the number of fish in the lake is 2000.

The estate manager decides that he needs bounds for the total number of fish in the
lake.

The estate manager feels confident that the proportion of marked fish in the lake will be
within 1 . 5 standard deviations of the proportion of marked fish in the sample and
decides these will form the upper and lower bounds of his estimate.

The estate manager now believes the population of fish will follow the logistic model
𝐿
𝑁𝑡 = 1 + 𝐶𝑒-𝑘𝑡 where 𝐿 is the carrying capacity and 𝐶, 𝑘 > 0.

The estate manager would like to know if the population of fish in the lake will eventually
reach 5000.

a. Use this model to predict the number of fish in the lake when 𝑡 = 8. [2]

b.

Assuming the proportion of marked fish in the second sample is equal to the
proportion of marked fish in the lake, show that the estate manager will estimate
there are now 2000 fish in the lake.

[2]

c.i. Write down the value of 𝑛 and the value of 𝑝. [2]

[Link].

State an assumption that is being made for 𝑋 to be considered as following a

binomial distribution.

[1]

d.i. Show that an estimate for Var ( 𝑋 ) is 38 . 25. [2]

[Link].

Hence show that the variance of the proportion of marked fish in the sample,
𝑋
Var , is 0 . 000425.
300

[2]

e.i.

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Taking the value for the variance given in (d) (ii) as a good approximation for the
true variance, find the upper and lower bounds for the proportion of marked fish in
the lake.

[2]

[Link].

Hence find upper and lower bounds for the number of fish in the lake when 𝑡 = 8.

[2]

f. Given this result, comment on the validity of the linear model used in part (a).

[2]

g.i.

Assuming a carrying capacity of 5000 use the given values of 𝑁0 and 𝑁1 to

calculate the parameters 𝐶 and 𝑘.

[5]

[Link]. Use these parameters to calculate the value of 𝑁8 predicted by this model.

[2]

h. Comment on the likelihood of the fish population reaching 5000. [2]

[Link].TZ1.5
The cross-sectional view of a tunnel is shown on the axes below. The line [ AB ]
represents a vertical wall located at the left side of the tunnel. The height, in metres, of
the tunnel above the horizontal ground is modelled by 𝑦 = - 0 . 1𝑥 3 + 0 . 8𝑥 2 , 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 8
, relative to an origin O.

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Point A has coordinates ( 2, 0 ) , point B has coordinates ( 2, 2 . 4 ) , and point C has

coordinates ( 8, 0 ) .

When 𝑥 = 4 the height of the tunnel is 6 . 4 m and when 𝑥 = 6 the height of the tunnel is
7 . 2 m. These points are shown as D and E on the diagram, respectively.

a.i. Find
d𝑦
. [2]
d𝑥

[Link]. Hence find the maximum height of the tunnel. [4]

b.

Use the trapezoidal rule, with three intervals, to estimate the cross-sectional area
of the tunnel.

[3]

c.i.

Write down the integral which can be used to find the cross-sectional area of the
tunnel.

[2]

[Link]. Hence find the cross-sectional area of the tunnel. [2]

[Link].TZ2.5
A hollow chocolate box is manufactured in the form of a right prism with a regular
hexagonal base. The height of the prism is ℎ cm, and the top and base of the prism have
sides of length 𝑥 cm.
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a.

√3 3√3 𝑥2
Given that sin 60° = , show that the area of the base of the box is equal to .
2 2

[2]

b.

Given that the total external surface area of the box is 1200 cm2 , show that the
9
volume of the box may be expressed as 𝑉 = 300√ 3𝑥 - 𝑥 3 .
4

[5]
9
c. Sketch the graph of 𝑉 = 300√ 3𝑥 - 4 𝑥 3 , for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 16. [2]

d. Find an expression for

d𝑉
. [2]
d𝑥

e. Find the value of 𝑥 which maximizes the volume of the box. [2]

f. Hence, or otherwise, find the maximum possible volume of the box. [2]

g.

The box will contain spherical chocolates. The production manager assumes that
they can calculate the exact number of chocolates in each box by dividing the
volume of the box by the volume of a single chocolate and then rounding down to
the nearest integer.

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Explain why the production manager is incorrect. [1]

[Link].TZ0.S_8
The following diagram shows a water wheel with centre O and radius 10 metres. Water
flows into buckets, turning the wheel clockwise at a constant speed.

The height, ℎ metres, of the top of a bucket above the ground 𝑡 seconds after it
passes through point A is modelled by the function
π π
ℎ𝑡 = 13 + 8 cos 18 𝑡 - 6 sin 18 𝑡, for 𝑡 ≥ 0.

A bucket moves around to point B which is at a height of 4 . 06 metres above the

ground. It takes 𝑘 seconds for the top of this bucket to go from point A to point B.

The chord [AB] is 17 . 0 metres, correct to three significant figures.

a.i. Find the height of point A above the ground. [2]

[Link].

Calculate the number of seconds it takes for the water wheel to complete one
rotation.

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[2]

[Link]. Hence find the number of rotations the water wheel makes in one hour. [2]

b. Find 𝑘. [3]

c. ^
Find AOB. [3]

d. Determine the rate of change of ℎ when the top of the bucket is at B. [2]

[Link].TZ1.2
The cross-sectional view of a tunnel is shown on the axes below. The line [ AB ]
represents a vertical wall located at the left side of the tunnel. The height, in metres, of
the tunnel above the horizontal ground is modelled by 𝑦 = - 0 . 1𝑥 3 + 0 . 8𝑥 2 , 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 8
, relative to an origin O.

Point A has coordinates ( 2, 0 ) , point B has coordinates ( 2, 2 . 4 ) , and point C has

coordinates ( 8, 0 ) .

Find the height of the tunnel when

a.i. Find
d𝑦
. [2]
d𝑥

[Link]. Hence find the maximum height of the tunnel. [4]

b.i. 𝑥 = 4. [2]

[Link]. 𝑥 = 6. [1]

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c.

Use the trapezoidal rule, with three intervals, to estimate the cross-sectional area
of the tunnel.

[3]

d.i.

Write down the integral which can be used to find the cross-sectional area of the
tunnel.

[2]

[Link]. Hence find the cross-sectional area of the tunnel. [2]

[Link].TZ0.3
The rate of change of the height ( ℎ ) of a ball above horizontal ground, measured in
metres, 𝑡 seconds after it has been thrown and until it hits the ground, can be modelled
by the equation
dℎ
d𝑡
= 11 . 4 - 9 . 8𝑡

The height of the ball when 𝑡 = 0 is 1 . 2 m.

a. Find an expression for the height ℎ of the ball at time 𝑡. [6]

b.i. Find the value of 𝑡 at which the ball hits the ground. [2]

[Link]. Hence write down the domain of ℎ. [1]

c. Find the range of ℎ. [3]

[Link].TZ1.4
The price of gas at Leon’s gas station is $ 1 . 50 per litre. If a customer buys a minimum
of 10 litres, a discount of $ 5 is applied.

This can be modelled by the following function, 𝐿, which gives the total cost when
buying a minimum of 10 litres at Leon’s gas station.
𝐿 ( 𝑥 ) = 1 . 50𝑥 - 5, 𝑥 ≥ 10

where 𝑥 is the number of litres of gas that a customer buys.

a. Find the total cost of buying 40 litres of gas at Leon’s gas station. [2]

b. Find 𝐿 -1 ( 70 ) . [2]

c.
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The price of gas at Erica’s gas station is $ 1 . 30 per litre. A customer must buy a
minimum of 10 litres of gas. The total cost at Erica’s gas station is cheaper than
Leon’s gas station when 𝑥 > 𝑘.

Find the minimum value of 𝑘. [3]

[Link].TZ1.4

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Charlotte decides to model the shape of a cupcake to calculate its volume.

From rotating a photograph of her cupcake she estimates that its cross-section
passes through the points ( 0, 3 . 5 ) , ( 4, 6 ) , ( 6 . 5, 4 ) , ( 7, 3 ) and ( 7 . 5, 0 ) ,
where all units are in centimetres. The cross-section is symmetrical in the 𝑥-axis, as
shown below:

She models the section from ( 0, 3 . 5 ) to ( 4, 6 ) as a straight line.

Charlotte models the section of the cupcake that passes through the points
( 4, 6 ) , ( 6 . 5, 4 ) , ( 7, 3 ) and ( 7 . 5, 0 ) with a quadratic curve.

Charlotte thinks that a quadratic with a maximum point at ( 4, 6 ) and that passes
through the point ( 7 . 5, 0 ) would be a better fit.

Believing this to be a better model for her cupcake, Charlotte finds the volume of
revolution about the 𝑥-axis to estimate the volume of the cupcake.
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a. Find the equation of the line passing through these two points. [2]

b.i.

Find the equation of the least squares regression quadratic curve for these four
points.

[2]

[Link].

By considering the gradient of this curve when 𝑥 = 4, explain why it may not be a
good model.

[1]

c. Find the equation of the new model. [4]

d.i.

Write down an expression for her estimate of the volume as a sum of two integrals.

[4]

[Link]. Find the value of Charlotte’s estimate. [1]

[Link].TZ1.7
Professor Wei observed that students have difficulty remembering the information
presented in his lectures.

He modelled the percentage of information retained, 𝑅, by the function 𝑅 ( 𝑡 ) = 100e-𝑝𝑡 ,

𝑡 ≥ 0, where 𝑡 is the number of days after the lecture.

He found that 1 day after a lecture, students had forgotten 50% of the information
presented.

Based on his model, Professor Wei believes that his students will always retain
some information from his lecture.

a. Find the value of 𝑝. [2]

b.

Use this model to find the percentage of information retained by his students 36
hours after Professor Wei’s lecture.

[2]

c. State a mathematical reason why Professor Wei might believe this. [1]

d. Write down one possible limitation of the domain of the model. [1]
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[Link].TZ1.8
Charlie and Daniella each began a fitness programme. On day one, they both ran 500 m
. On each subsequent day, Charlie ran 100 m more than the previous day whereas
Daniella increased her distance by 2% of the distance ran on the previous day.

Calculate how far

a.i. Charlie ran on day 20 of his fitness programme. [2]

[Link]. Daniella ran on day 20 of her fitness programme. [3]

b.

On day 𝑛 of the fitness programmes Daniella runs more than Charlie for the first
time.

Find the value of 𝑛. [3]

[Link].TZ0.6
A theatre set designer is designing a piece of flat scenery in the shape of a hill. The
scenery is formed by a curve between two vertical edges of unequal height. One edge
is 2 metres high and the other is 1 metre high. The width of the scenery is 6 metres.

A coordinate system is formed with the origin at the foot of the 2 metres high edge. In
this coordinate system the highest point of the cross‐section is at 2, 3 . 5.

A set designer wishes to work out an approximate value for the area of the scenery
( 𝐴 m2 ) .

In order to obtain a more accurate measure for the area the designer decides to model
the curved edge with the polynomial ℎ𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℝ where ℎ
metres is the height of the curved edge a horizontal distance 𝑥 m from the origin.

a. Explain why 𝐴 < 21. [1]

b.
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By dividing the area between the curve and the 𝑥‐axis into two trapezoids of
unequal width show that 𝐴 > 14 . 5, justifying the direction of the inequality.

[4]

c. Write down the value of 𝑑. [1]

d. Use differentiation to show that 12𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0. [2]

e. Determine two other linear equations in 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐. [3]

f. Hence find an expression for ℎ𝑥. [3]

g. Use the expression found in (f) to calculate a value for 𝐴. [2]

[Link].TZ1.11
If a shark is spotted near to Brighton beach, a lifeguard will activate a siren to warn
swimmers.

The sound intensity, 𝐼, of the siren varies inversely with the square of the distance, 𝑑,
from the siren, where 𝑑 > 0.

It is known that at a distance of 1 . 5 metres from the siren, the sound intensity is 4 watts
per square metre (W m-2 ).
9
a. Show that 𝐼 = 2 . [2]
𝑑

b. Sketch the curve of 𝐼 on the axes below showing clearly the point ( 1 . 5, 4 ) .

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[2]

c.

Whilst swimming, Scarlett can hear the siren only if the sound intensity at her
location is greater than 1 . 5 × 10-6 W m-2 .

Find the values of 𝑑 where Scarlett cannot hear the siren. [2]

[Link].TZ0.10
The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is given on the following set of axes. The graph passes through
the points ( − 2, 6 ) and ( 0, 1 ) , and has a horizontal asymptote at 𝑦 = 0.

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Let 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 2𝑓 ( 𝑥 − 2 ) + 4.

a. Find 𝑔 ( 0 ) . [2]

b.

On the same set of axes draw the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) , showing any intercepts
and asymptotes.

[2]

[Link].TZ0.4
Jorge is carefully observing the rise in sales of a new app he has created.

The number of sales in the first four months is shown in the table below.

Jorge believes that the increase is exponential and proposes to model the number of
sales 𝑁 in month 𝑡 with the equation

𝑁 = 𝐴e𝑟𝑡 , 𝐴, 𝑟 ∈ ℝ

Jorge plans to adapt Euler’s method to find an approximate value for 𝑟.

With a step length of one month the solution to the differential equation can be
approximated using Euler’s method where
𝑁𝑛 + 1 ≈ 𝑁𝑛 + 1 × 𝑁'𝑛, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ
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Jorge decides to take the mean of these values as the approximation of 𝑟 for his model.
He also decides the graph of the model should pass through the point ( 2, 52 ) .

The sum of the square residuals for these points for the least squares regression model
is approximately 6 . 555.

a. Show that Jorge’s model satisfies the differential equation d𝑁

= 𝑟𝑁 [2]
d𝑡

𝑁𝑛 + 1 - 𝑁𝑛
b. Show that 𝑟 ≈ [3]
𝑁𝑛

c. Hence find three approximations for the value of 𝑟. [3]

d. Find the equation for Jorge’s model. [3]

e.

Find the sum of the square residuals for Jorge’s model using the values
𝑡 = 1, 2, 3, 4.

[2]

f.i. Comment how well Jorge’s model fits the data. [1]

[Link]. Give two possible sources of error in the construction of his model. [2]

[Link].TZ1.1
A suitable site for the landing of a spacecraft on the planet Mars is identified at a
point, A. The shortest time from sunrise to sunset at point A must be found.
Radians should be used throughout this question. All values given in the question should
be treated as exact.

Mars completes a full orbit of the Sun in 669 Martian days, which is one Martian year.

On day 𝑡, where 𝑡 ∈ ℤ , the length of time, in hours, from the start of the Martian day
until sunrise at point A can be modelled by a function, 𝑅 ( 𝑡 ) , where

𝑅 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 sin𝑏𝑡 + 𝑐, 𝑡 ∈ ℝ.

The graph of 𝑅 is shown for one Martian year.

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Mars completes a full rotation on its axis in 24 hours and 40 minutes.

The time of sunrise on Mars depends on the angle, 𝛿, at which it tilts towards the
Sun. During a Martian year, 𝛿 varies from −0 . 440 to 0 . 440 radians.

The angle, 𝜔, through which Mars rotates on its axis from the start of a Martian day to
the moment of sunrise, at point A, is given by cos 𝜔 = 0 . 839 tan 𝛿, 0 ≤ 𝜔 ≤ 𝜋.

Use your answers to parts (b) and (c) to find

Let 𝑆 ( 𝑡 ) be the length of time, in hours, from the start of the Martian day until sunset
at point A on day 𝑡. 𝑆 ( 𝑡 ) can be modelled by the function

𝑆 ( 𝑡 ) = 1 . 5 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 83 ) + 18 . 65.

The length of time between sunrise and sunset at point A, 𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) , can be modelled by the
function

𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) = 1 . 5 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 83 ) − 1 . 6 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 ) + 𝑑.

Let 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) = 1 . 5 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 83 ) − 1 . 6 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 ) and hence

𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) + 𝑑.

𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) can be written in the form Im ( 𝑧1 − 𝑧2 ) , where 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 are complex functions of

𝑡.

a. Show that 𝑏 ≈ 0 . 00939. [2]

b. Find the angle through which Mars rotates on its axis each hour. [3]

c.i. Show that the maximum value of 𝜔 = 1 . 98, correct to three significant figures.

[3]

[Link]. Find the minimum value of 𝜔. [1]

d.i. the maximum value of 𝑅 ( 𝑡 ) . [2]

[Link]. the minimum value of 𝑅 ( 𝑡 ) . [1]

e. Hence show that 𝑎 = 1 . 6, correct to two significant figures. [2]

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f. Find the value of 𝑐. [2]

g. Find the value of 𝑑. [2]

h.i. Write down 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 in exponential form, with a constant modulus. [3]

[Link].

Hence or otherwise find an equation for 𝐿 in the form 𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑝 sin ( 𝑞𝑡 + 𝑟 ) + 𝑑

, where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟, 𝑑 ∈ ℝ.

[4]

[Link].

Find, in hours, the shortest time from sunrise to sunset at point A that is
predicted by this model.

[2]

[Link].TZ1.17
𝑎
The graph of the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ln 𝑥 is translated by 𝑏 so that it then passes through
the points ( 0, 1 ) and ( e3 , 1 + ln 2 ) .

Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏.

[Link].TZ0.3
Natasha carries out an experiment on the growth of mould. She believes that the growth
can be modelled by an exponential function

𝑃 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝐴e𝑘𝑡 ,

where 𝑃 is the area covered by mould in mm2 , 𝑡 is the time in days since the start of
the experiment and 𝐴 and 𝑘 are constants.

The area covered by mould is 112 mm2 at the start of the experiment and 360 mm2
after 5 days.

a. Write down the value of 𝐴. [1]

b. Find the value of 𝑘. [3]

[Link].TZ0.4
Dilara is designing a kite ABCD on a set of coordinate axes in which one unit represents
10 cm.

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The coordinates of A, B and C are ( 2, 0 ) , ( 0, 4 ) and ( 4, 6 ) respectively. Point D

lies on the 𝑥-axis. AC is perpendicular to BD. This information is shown in the following
diagram.

a. Find the gradient of the line through A and C. [2]

b. Write down the gradient of the line through B and D. [1]

c.

Find the equation of the line through B and D. Give your answer in the form
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑑 = 0, where 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑑 are integers.

[2]

d. Write down the 𝑥-coordinate of point D. [1]

[Link].TZ2.3
A new concert hall was built with 14 seats in the first row. Each subsequent row of the
hall has two more seats than the previous row. The hall has a total of 20 rows.

Find:

The concert hall opened in 2019. The average number of visitors per concert during that
year was 584. In 2020, the average number of visitors per concert increased by 1 . 2%.

The concert organizers use this data to model future numbers of visitors. It is assumed
that the average number of visitors per concert will continue to increase each year by
1 . 2%.

a.i. the number of seats in the last row. [3]

[Link]. the total number of seats in the concert hall. [2]

b. Find the average number of visitors per concert in 2020. [2]

c.
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Determine the first year in which this model predicts the average number of
visitors per concert will exceed the total seating capacity of the concert hall.

[5]

d. It is assumed that the concert hall will host 50 concerts each year.

Use the average number of visitors per concert per year to predict the total
number of people expected to attend the concert hall from when it opens until the
end of 2025.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.5
Let the function ℎ ( 𝑥 ) represent the height in centimetres of a cylindrical tin can
with diameter 𝑥 cm.
640
ℎ𝑥 = 𝑥2
+ 0 . 5 for 4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 14.

The function ℎ−1 is the inverse function of ℎ.

a. Find the range of ℎ. [3]

b.i. Find ℎ-1 10. [2]

[Link]. In the context of the question, interpret your answer to part (b)(i). [1]

[Link]. Write down the range of ℎ−1 . [1]

[Link].TZ2.1
The amount, in milligrams, of a medicinal drug in the body 𝑡 hours after it was injected
is given by 𝐷 ( 𝑡 ) = 23 ( 0 . 85 ) 𝑡 , 𝑡 ≥ 0. Before this injection, the amount of the drug in
the body was zero.

Write down

a.i. the initial dose of the drug. [1]

[Link]. the percentage of the drug that leaves the body each hour. [2]

b.

Calculate the amount of the drug remaining in the body 10 hours after the
injection.

[2]

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[Link].TZ0.3
A wind turbine is designed so that the rotation of the blades generates electricity. The
turbine is built on horizontal ground and is made up of a vertical tower and three blades.

The point A is on the base of the tower directly below point B at the top of the tower.
The height of the tower, AB, is 90 m. The blades of the turbine are centred at B and are
each of length 40 m. This is shown in the following diagram.

The end of one of the blades of the turbine is represented by point C on the diagram. Let
ℎ be the height of C above the ground, measured in metres, where ℎ varies as the blade
rotates.

Find the

The blades of the turbine complete 12 rotations per minute under normal conditions,
moving at a constant rate.

The height, ℎ, of point C can be modelled by the following function. Time, 𝑡, is

measured from the instant when the blade [BC] first passes [AB] and is measured in
seconds.
ℎ𝑡 = 90 - 40 cos72𝑡°, 𝑡 ≥ 0

Looking through his window, Tim has a partial view of the rotating wind turbine. The
position of his window means that he cannot see any part of the wind turbine that is
more than 100 m above the ground. This is illustrated in the following diagram.

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a.i. maximum value of ℎ. [1]

[Link]. minimum value of ℎ. [1]

b.i.

Find the time, in seconds, it takes for the blade [BC] to make one complete
rotation under these conditions.

[1]

[Link].

Calculate the angle, in degrees, that the blade [BC] turns through in one second.

[2]

c.i. Write down the amplitude of the function. [1]

[Link]. Find the period of the function. [1]

d.

Sketch the function ℎ ( 𝑡 ) for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 5, clearly labelling the coordinates of the

maximum and minimum points.

[3]

e.i. Find the height of C above the ground when 𝑡 = 2. [2]

[Link].

Find the time, in seconds, that point C is above a height of 100 m, during
each complete rotation.

[3]
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f.i.

At any given instant, find the probability that point C is visible from Tim’s window.

[3]

[Link].

The wind speed increases. The blades rotate at twice the speed, but still at a
constant rate.

At any given instant, find the probability that Tim can see point C from his
window. Justify your answer.

[2]

[Link].TZ1.11
The strength of earthquakes is measured on the Richter magnitude scale, with
values typically between 0 and 8 where 8 is the most severe.

The Gutenberg–Richter equation gives the average number of earthquakes per year, 𝑁
, which have a magnitude of at least 𝑀. For a particular region the equation is

log10 𝑁 = 𝑎 - 𝑀, for some 𝑎 ∈ ℝ.

This region has an average of 100 earthquakes per year with a magnitude of at least 3.

𝑏
The equation for this region can also be written as 𝑁 = .
10𝑀

The expected length of time, in years, between earthquakes with a magnitude of at least
1
𝑀 is . 𝑁

Within this region the most severe earthquake recorded had a magnitude of 7 . 2.

a. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]

c. Given 0 < 𝑀 < 8, find the range for 𝑁. [2]

d.

Find the expected length of time between this earthquake and the next earthquake
of at least this magnitude. Give your answer to the nearest year.

[2]

[Link].TZ0.2

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A wind turbine is designed so that the rotation of the blades generates electricity. The
turbine is built on horizontal ground and is made up of a vertical tower and three blades.

The point A is on the base of the tower directly below point B at the top of the tower.
The height of the tower, AB, is 90 m. The blades of the turbine are centred at B and are
each of length 40 m. This is shown in the following diagram.

The end of one of the blades of the turbine is represented by point C on the diagram. Let
ℎ be the height of C above the ground, measured in metres, where ℎ varies as the blade
rotates.

Find the

The blades of the turbine complete 12 rotations per minute under normal conditions,
moving at a constant rate.

The height, ℎ, of point C can be modelled by the following function. Time, 𝑡, is

measured from the instant when the blade [BC] first passes [AB] and is measured in
seconds.
ℎ𝑡 = 90 - 40 cos72𝑡°, 𝑡 ≥ 0

a.i. maximum value of ℎ. [1]

[Link]. minimum value of ℎ. [1]

b.i.

Find the time, in seconds, it takes for the blade [BC] to make one complete
rotation under these conditions.

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[1]

[Link].

Calculate the angle, in degrees, that the blade [BC] turns through in one second.

[2]

c.i. Write down the amplitude of the function. [1]

[Link]. Find the period of the function. [1]

d.

Sketch the function ℎ ( 𝑡 ) for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 5, clearly labelling the coordinates of the

maximum and minimum points.

[3]

e.i. Find the height of C above the ground when 𝑡 = 2. [2]

[Link].

Find the time, in seconds, that point C is above a height of 100 m, during
each complete rotation.

[3]

f.

The wind speed increases and the blades rotate faster, but still at a constant rate.

Given that point C is now higher than 110 m for 1 second during each complete
rotation, find the time for one complete rotation.

[5]

[Link].TZ2.10
1
The function 𝑓𝑥 = ln 𝑥 - 2 is defined for 𝑥 > 2, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

a. Find an expression for 𝑓-1 ( 𝑥 ) . You are not required to state a domain. [3]

b. Solve 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑓-1 ( 𝑥 ) . [2]

[Link].TZ2.9
The graph below shows the average savings, 𝑆 thousand dollars, of a group of
university graduates as a function of 𝑡, the number of years after graduating from
university.
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The equation of the model can be expressed in the form 𝑆 = 𝑎𝑡3 + 𝑏𝑡2 + 𝑐𝑡 + 𝑑, where
𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑑 are real constants.

The graph of the model must pass through the following four points.

A negative value of 𝑆 indicates that a graduate is expected to be in debt.

a.

Write down one feature of this graph which suggests a cubic function might
be appropriate to model this scenario.

[1]

b.i. Write down the value of 𝑑. [1]

[Link]. Write down three simultaneous equations for 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐. [2]

[Link]. Hence, or otherwise, find the values of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐. [1]

c.

Use the model to determine the total length of time, in years, for which a graduate
is expected to be in debt after graduating from university.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.1
Boris recorded the number of daylight hours on the first day of each month in a northern
hemisphere town.

This data was plotted onto a scatter diagram. The points were then joined by a smooth
curve, with minimum point ( 0, 8 ) and maximum point ( 6, 16 ) as shown in the
following diagram.

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Let the curve in the diagram be 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) , where 𝑡 is the time, measured in months,
since Boris first recorded these values.

Boris thinks that 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) might be modelled by a quadratic function.

Paula thinks that a better model is 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 cos ( 𝑏𝑡 ) + 𝑑, 𝑡 ≥ 0, for specific values of

𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑑.

For Paula’s model, use the diagram to write down

The true maximum number of daylight hours was 16 hours and 14 minutes.

a.

Write down one reason why a quadratic function would not be a good model for
the number of hours of daylight per day, across a number of years.

[1]

b.i. the amplitude. [1]

[Link]. the period. [1]

[Link]. the equation of the principal axis. [2]

c. Hence or otherwise find the equation of this model in the form:

𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝑎 cos ( 𝑏𝑡 ) + 𝑑 [3]

d.

For the first year of the model, find the length of time when there are more than 10
hours and 30 minutes of daylight per day.

[4]

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e.

Calculate the percentage error in the maximum number of daylight hours

Boris recorded in the diagram.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.7
12
A function is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 2 - 𝑥 + 5 for -7 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 7, 𝑥 ≠ - 5.

a. Find the range of 𝑓. [3]

b. Find the value of 𝑓-1 0. [2]

[Link].TZ2.11
3
Consider the function 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥 2 - , 𝑥 ≠ 0.
𝑥

Line 𝐿 is a tangent to 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) at the point ( 1, − 2).

a. Find 𝑓'𝑥. [2]

b. Use your answer to part (a) to find the gradient of 𝐿. [2]

c.

Determine the number of lines parallel to 𝐿 that are tangent to 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) . Justify your
answer.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.12
The cross-section of an arched entrance into the ballroom of a hotel is in the shape of
a parabola. This cross-section can be modelled by part of the graph
𝑦 = − 1 . 6𝑥 2 + 4 . 48𝑥, where 𝑦 is the height of the archway, in metres, at a horizontal
distance, 𝑥 metres, from the point O, in the bottom corner of the archway.

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To prepare for an event, a square-based crate that is 1 . 6 m wide and 2 . 0 m high is to

be moved through the archway into the ballroom. The crate must remain upright while it
is being moved.

a.

Determine an equation for the axis of symmetry of the parabola that models the
archway.

[2]

b. Determine whether the crate will fit through the archway. Justify your answer.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.3
The Voronoi diagram below shows four supermarkets represented by points with
coordinates A ( 0, 0 ) , B ( 6, 0 ) , C ( 0, 6 ) and D ( 2, 2 ) . The vertices X, Y, Z are also
shown. All distances are measured in kilometres.

The equation of (XY) is 𝑦 = 2 − 𝑥 and the equation of (YZ) is 𝑦 = 0 . 5𝑥 + 3 . 5.

The coordinates of Y are ( − 1, 3 ) and the coordinates of Z are ( 7, 7 ) .

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A town planner believes that the larger the area of the Voronoi cell XYZ, the more
people will shop at supermarket D.

a. Find the midpoint of [BD]. [2]

b. Find the equation of (XZ). [4]

c. Find the coordinates of X. [3]

d. Determine the exact length of [YZ]. [2]

e. Given that the exact length of [XY] is √ 32, find the size of XŶZ in degrees. [4]

f. Hence find the area of triangle XYZ. [2]

g. State one criticism of this interpretation. [1]

[Link].TZ1.1
This question is about modelling the spread of a computer virus to predict the number
of computers in a city which will be infected by the virus.

A systems analyst defines the following variables in a model:

𝑡 is the number of days since the first computer was infected by the virus.
𝑄 ( 𝑡 ) is the total number of computers that have been infected up to and including day
𝑡.

The following data were collected:

A model for the early stage of the spread of the computer virus suggests that
𝑄'𝑡 = 𝛽𝑁𝑄𝑡

where 𝑁 is the total number of computers in a city and 𝛽 is a measure of how easily the
virus is spreading between computers. Both 𝑁 and 𝛽 are assumed to be constant.

The data above are taken from city X which is estimated to have 2 . 6 million computers.
The analyst looks at data for another city, Y. These data indicate a value of
𝛽 = 9 . 64 × 10−8 .

An estimate for 𝑄′ ( 𝑡 ) , 𝑡 ≥ 5, can be found by using the formula:

𝑄𝑡 + 5 - 𝑄𝑡 - 5
𝑄'𝑡 ≈
10
.

The following table shows estimates of 𝑄' ( 𝑡 ) for city X at different values of 𝑡.
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An improved model for 𝑄 ( 𝑡 ) , which is valid for large values of 𝑡, is the

logistic differential equation
𝑄𝑡
𝑄'𝑡 = 𝑘𝑄𝑡1 - 𝐿

where 𝑘 and 𝐿 are constants.

𝑄'𝑡
Based on this differential equation, the graph of 𝑄𝑡
against 𝑄 ( 𝑡 ) is predicted to be a
straight line.

a.i. Find the equation of the regression line of 𝑄 ( 𝑡 ) on 𝑡. [2]

[Link]. Write down the value of 𝑟, Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient.

[1]

[Link].

Explain why it would not be appropriate to conduct a hypothesis test on the value
of 𝑟 found in (a)(ii).

[1]

b.i. Find the general solution of the differential equation 𝑄'𝑡 = 𝛽𝑁𝑄𝑡. [4]

[Link].

Using the data in the table write down the equation for an appropriate non-linear
regression model.

[2]

[Link]. Write down the value of 𝑅2 for this model. [1]

[Link].

Hence comment on the suitability of the model from (b)(ii) in comparison with the
linear model found in part (a).

[2]

b.v.

By considering large values of 𝑡 write down one criticism of the model found in (b)
(ii).

[1]
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c.

Use your answer from part (b)(ii) to estimate the time taken for the number of
infected computers to double.

[2]

d.

Find in which city, X or Y, the computer virus is spreading more easily. Justify
your answer using your results from part (b).

[3]

e.

Determine the value of 𝑎 and of 𝑏. Give your answers correct to one decimal place.

[2]

f.i. Use linear regression to estimate the value of 𝑘 and of 𝐿. [5]

𝐿
[Link]. The solution to the differential equation is given by 𝑄𝑡 = 1 + 𝐶e-𝑘𝑡

where 𝐶 is a constant.

Using your answer to part (f)(i), estimate the percentage of computers in city
X that are expected to have been infected by the virus over a long period of time.

[2]

[Link].TZ2.12
Consider the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) is shown in the
diagram. The vertex of the graph has coordinates ( 0 . 5, − 12 . 5 ) . The graph intersects
the 𝑥-axis at two points, ( − 2, 0 ) and ( 𝑝, 0 ) .

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a. Find the value of 𝑝. [1]

b. Find the value of (i) 𝑎. (ii) 𝑏. (iii) 𝑐. [5]

c. Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph. [1]

[Link].TZ2.4
The Texas Star is a Ferris wheel at the state fair in Dallas. The Ferris wheel has a diameter
of 61 . 8 m. To begin the ride, a passenger gets into a chair at the lowest point on the
wheel, which is 2 . 7 m above the ground, as shown in the following diagram. A ride
consists of multiple revolutions, and the Ferris wheel makes 1 . 5 revolutions per minute.

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The height of a chair above the ground, ℎ, measured in metres, during a ride on the
Ferris wheel can be modelled by the function ℎ ( 𝑡 ) = − 𝑎 cos ( 𝑏𝑡 ) + 𝑑, where 𝑡 is the
time, in seconds, since a passenger began their ride.

Calculate the value of

A ride on the Ferris wheel lasts for 12 minutes in total.

For exactly one ride on the Ferris wheel, suggest

Big Tex is a 16 . 7 metre-tall cowboy statue that stands on the horizontal ground next to
the Ferris wheel.

[Source:
This Escobar.,
[Link]
fileAline
is licensed [Link]
Cowboy.
Creative
[image
q=cowboy&i=1080130
Commons
online]
Attribution-ShareAlike
Available
[Accessed Source BY-SA 3.0)
at: [Link]
13/05/2021].
3.0 Unported (CC adapted.]

There is a plan to relocate the Texas Star Ferris wheel onto a taller platform which will
increase the maximum height of the Ferris wheel to 65 . 2 m. This will change the value
of one parameter, 𝑎, 𝑏 or 𝑑, found in part (a).

a.i. 𝑎. [2]

[Link]. 𝑏. [2]

[Link]. 𝑑. [2]

b. Calculate the number of revolutions of the Ferris wheel per ride. [2]

c.i. an appropriate domain for ℎ ( 𝑡 ) . [1]

[Link]. an appropriate range for ℎ ( 𝑡 ) . [2]

d.

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By considering the graph of ℎ ( 𝑡 ) , determine the length of time during one

revolution of the Ferris wheel for which the chair is higher than the cowboy statue.

[3]

e.i. Identify which parameter will change. [1]

[Link]. Find the new value of the parameter identified in part (e)(i). [2]

[Link].TZ1.12
The strength of earthquakes is measured on the Richter magnitude scale, with
values typically between 0 and 8 where 8 is the most severe.

The Gutenberg–Richter equation gives the average number of earthquakes per year, 𝑁
, which have a magnitude of at least 𝑀. For a particular region the equation is

log10 𝑁 = 𝑎 - 𝑀, for some 𝑎 ∈ ℝ.

This region has an average of 100 earthquakes per year with a magnitude of at least 3.

𝑏
The equation for this region can also be written as 𝑁 = .
10𝑀

Within this region the most severe earthquake recorded had a magnitude of 7 . 2.

The number of earthquakes in a given year with a magnitude of at least 7 . 2 can be

modelled by a Poisson distribution, with mean 𝑁. The number of earthquakes in one year
is independent of the number of earthquakes in any other year.

Let 𝑌 be the number of years between the earthquake of magnitude 7 . 2 and the
next earthquake of at least this magnitude.

a. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]

c.

Find the average number of earthquakes in a year with a magnitude of at least 7 . 2.

[1]

d. Find P ( 𝑌 > 100 ) . [3]

[Link].TZ2.2
12
A function is defined by 𝑓𝑥 = 2 - for -7 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 7, 𝑥 ≠ - 5.
𝑥+5

a. Find the range of 𝑓. [3]

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b.

Find an expression for the inverse function 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) . The domain is not required.

[3]

c. Write down the range of 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) . [1]

[Link].TZ1.6

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Consider the curve 𝑦 = √ 𝑥.

The shape of a piece of metal can be modelled by the region bounded by the functions
𝑓, 𝑔, the 𝑥-axis and the line segment [AB], as shown in the following diagram. The units
on the 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes are measured in metres.

The piecewise function 𝑓 is defined by

𝑓𝑥 = { √𝑥 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0 . 16
1 . 25𝑥 + 0 . 2 0 . 16 < 𝑥 ≤ 0 . 5

The graph of 𝑔 is obtained from the graph of 𝑓 by:

1
a stretch scale factor of 2
in the 𝑥 direction,
1
followed by a stretch scale factor in the 𝑦 direction,
2
followed by a translation of 0 . 2 units to the right.

Point A lies on the graph of 𝑓 and has coordinates ( 0 . 5, 0 . 825 ) . Point B is the image
of A under the given transformations and has coordinates ( 𝑝, 𝑞 ) .

The piecewise function 𝑔 is given by

ℎ𝑥 0.2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎
𝑔𝑥 = { 1 . 25𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑎<𝑥≤𝑝

The area enclosed by 𝑦 = 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) , the 𝑥-axis and the line 𝑥 = 𝑝 is 0 . 0627292 m2 correct
to six significant figures.

a.i. Find
d𝑦
. [2]
d𝑥

[Link].

Hence show that the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point 0 . 16, 0 . 4
is 𝑦 = 1 . 25𝑥 + 0 . 2.

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[2]

b. Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [2]

c.i. Find an expression for ℎ ( 𝑥 ) . [2]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑎. [1]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑏. [2]

d.i. Find the area enclosed by 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , the 𝑥-axis and the line 𝑥 = 0 . 5. [3]

[Link]. Find the area of the shaded region on the diagram. [4]

[Link].TZ2.5
Roger buys a new laptop for himself at a cost of £ 495. At the same time, he buys
his daughter Chloe a higher specification laptop at a cost of £ 2200.

It is anticipated that Roger’s laptop will depreciate at a rate of 10% per year,
whereas Chloe’s laptop will depreciate at a rate of 15% per year.

Roger and Chloe’s laptops will have the same value 𝑘 years after they were purchased.

a. Estimate the value of Roger’s laptop after 5 years. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]

c. Comment on the validity of your answer to part (b). [1]

[Link].TZ1.3
The height of a baseball after it is hit by a bat is modelled by the function

ℎ𝑡 = - 4 . 8𝑡2 + 21𝑡 + 1 . 2

where ℎ ( 𝑡 ) is the height in metres above the ground and 𝑡 is the time in seconds after
the ball was hit.

a.

Write down the height of the ball above the ground at the instant it is hit by the
bat.

[1]

b. Find the value of 𝑡 when the ball hits the ground. [2]

c. State an appropriate domain for 𝑡 in this model. [2]

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[Link].TZ1.4
Three towns, A, B and C are represented as coordinates on a map, where the 𝑥 and 𝑦
axes represent the distances east and north of an origin, respectively, measured in
kilometres.

Town A is located at ( − 6, − 1 ) and town B is located at ( 8, 6 ) . A road runs along

the perpendicular bisector of [AB]. This information is shown in the following diagram.

a. Find the equation of the line that the road follows. [5]

b. Town C is due north of town A and the road passes through town C.

Find the 𝑦-coordinate of town C. [2]

[Link].TZ2.5
A cafe makes 𝑥 litres of coffee each morning. The cafe’s profit each morning, 𝐶,
measured in dollars, is modelled by the following equation
𝑥 2 3
𝐶= 𝑘 - 100 𝑥 2
10

where 𝑘 is a positive constant.

The cafe’s manager knows that the cafe makes a profit of $ 426 when 20 litres of coffee
are made in a morning.

The manager of the cafe wishes to serve as many customers as possible.

a. Find an expression for

d𝐶
in terms of 𝑘 and 𝑥. [3]
d𝑥

b.

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Hence find the maximum value of 𝐶 in terms of 𝑘. Give your answer in the form 𝑝𝑘3 ,
where 𝑝 is a constant.

[4]

c.i. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]

[Link].

Use the model to find how much coffee the cafe should make each morning to
maximize its profit.

[1]

d.

Sketch the graph of 𝐶 against 𝑥, labelling the maximum point and the 𝑥-intercepts
with their coordinates.

[3]

e.

Determine the maximum amount of coffee the cafe can make that will not result in
a loss of money for the morning.

[2]

[Link].TZ1.5
The ticket prices for a concert are shown in the following table.

A total of 600 tickets were sold.

The total amount of money from ticket sales was $ 7816.
There were twice as many adult tickets sold as child tickets.

Let the number of adult tickets sold be 𝑥, the number of child tickets sold be 𝑦, and
the number of student tickets sold be 𝑧.

a. Write down three equations that express the information given above. [3]

b. Find the number of each type of ticket sold. [2]

[Link].TZ2.4
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A student investigating the relationship between chemical reactions and temperature

finds the Arrhenius equation on the internet.
𝑐
𝑘 = 𝐴e- 𝑇
This equation links a variable 𝑘 with the temperature 𝑇, where 𝐴 and 𝑐 are
positive constants and 𝑇 > 0.
1
The Arrhenius equation predicts that the graph of ln 𝑘 against 𝑇
is a straight line.

Write down

The following data are found for a particular reaction, where 𝑇 is measured in Kelvin and
𝑘 is measured in cm3 mol−1 s−1 :

Find an estimate of

a. Show that
d𝑘
is always positive. [3]
d𝑇

b. Given that lim 𝑘 = 𝐴 and lim 𝑘 = 0, sketch the graph of 𝑘 against 𝑇. [3]
𝑇→ ∞ 𝑇→0

c. (i) the gradient of this line in terms of 𝑐;

(ii) the 𝑦-intercept of this line in terms of 𝐴. [4]

1
d. Find the equation of the regression line for ln 𝑘 on . [2]
𝑇

e.i. 𝑐. It is not required to state units for this value. [1]

[Link]. 𝐴. It is not required to state units for this value. [2]

[Link].TZ2.2
Scott purchases food for his dog in large bags and feeds the dog the same amount of
dog food each day. The amount of dog food left in the bag at the end of each day can
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be modelled by an arithmetic sequence.

On a particular day, Scott opened a new bag of dog food and fed his dog. By the end of
the third day there were 115 . 5 cups of dog food remaining in the bag and at the end of
the eighth day there were 108 cups of dog food remaining in the bag.

Find the number of cups of dog food

In 2021, Scott spent $ 625 on dog food. Scott expects that the amount he spends on
dog food will increase at an annual rate of 6 . 4%.

a.i. fed to the dog per day. [3]

[Link]. remaining in the bag at the end of the first day. [1]

b. Calculate the number of days that Scott can feed his dog with one bag of food.

[2]

c.

Determine the amount that Scott expects to spend on dog food in 2025. Round
your answer to the nearest dollar.

[3]

d.i. 10
Calculate the value of Σ 625 × 1 . 064𝑛 - 1 . [1]
𝑛=1

[Link]. Describe what the value in part (d)(i) represents in this context. [2]

e.

Comment on the appropriateness of modelling this scenario with a geometric

sequence.

[1]

[Link].TZ2.6
At an archery tournament, a particular competition sees a ball launched into the air
while an archer attempts to hit it with an arrow.

The path of the ball is modelled by the equation

𝑥 5 + 𝑡 𝑢𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑢𝑦 - 5𝑡
0

where 𝑥 is the horizontal displacement from the archer and 𝑦 is the vertical
displacement from the ground, both measured in metres, and 𝑡 is the time, in seconds,
since the ball was launched.

𝑢𝑥 is the horizontal component of the initial velocity

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𝑢𝑦 is the vertical component of the initial velocity.

In this question both the ball and the arrow are modelled as single points. The ball is
launched with an initial velocity such that 𝑢𝑥 = 8 and 𝑢𝑦 = 10.

An archer releases an arrow from the point ( 0, 2 ) . The arrow is modelled as travelling
in a straight line, in the same plane as the ball, with speed 60 m s-1 and an angle of
elevation of 10°.

a.i. Find the initial speed of the ball. [2]

[Link]. Find the angle of elevation of the ball as it is launched. [2]

b. Find the maximum height reached by the ball. [3]

c.

Assuming that the ground is horizontal and the ball is not hit by the arrow, find the
𝑥 coordinate of the point where the ball lands.

[3]

d. For the path of the ball, find an expression for 𝑦 in terms of 𝑥. [3]

e.

Determine the two positions where the path of the arrow intersects the path of the
ball.

[4]

f.

Determine the time when the arrow should be released to hit the ball before the
ball reaches its maximum height.

[4]

[Link].TZ2.7
An environmental scientist is asked by a river authority to model the effect of a leak from
a power plant on the mercury levels in a local river. The variable 𝑥 measures the
concentration of mercury in micrograms per litre.

The situation is modelled using the second order differential equation

2
d 𝑥 d𝑥
2 +3 + 2𝑥 = 0
d𝑡 d𝑡

where 𝑡 ≥ 0 is the time measured in days since the leak started. It is known that when
d𝑥
𝑡 = 0, 𝑥 = 0 and d 𝑡 = 1.

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If the mercury levels are greater than 0 . 1 micrograms per litre, fishing in the river is
considered unsafe and is stopped.

The river authority decides to stop people from fishing in the river for 10% longer than
the time found from the model.

a. Show that the system of coupled first order equations: d𝑥

=𝑦
d𝑦
= - 2𝑥 - 3𝑦
d𝑡 d𝑡

can be written as the given second order differential equation. [2]

b.

Find the eigenvalues of the system of coupled first order equations given in part
(a).

[3]

c. Hence find the exact solution of the second order differential equation. [5]

d.

Sketch the graph of 𝑥 against 𝑡, labelling the maximum point of the graph with its
coordinates.

[2]

e.

Use the model to calculate the total amount of time when fishing should be
stopped.

[3]

f. Write down one reason, with reference to the context, to support this decision.

[1]

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Markschemes
[Link].TZ0.3
a.

𝑡 = 2,ℎ = 34 ⇒ 34 = 𝑎22 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 M1
⇒ 34 = 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 AG
[1 mark]
b. attempt to substitute either (5, 38) or (7, 24) M1 25𝑎 + 5𝑏 + 𝑐 = 38 A1
49𝑎 + 7𝑏 + 𝑐 = 24 A1 [3 marks]
c.
5
𝑎 = − 3 ,𝑏 = 13,𝑐 =
44
3
M1A1A1A1 [3 marks]
d.i. 5
− 3 𝑡2 + 13𝑡 +
44
3
=0 M1 𝑡 = 8.8 seconds M1A1 [3 marks]
[Link]. attempt to find maximum height, e.g. sketch of graph M1
ℎ = 40.0 metres A1 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.13
a.
2.3 × 8 × 60
1000
= 1.104 M1A1
[2 marks]
b. either using a cubic regression or solving a system of 4 equations M1
𝑎 = − 0.00364,𝑏 = 0.150,𝑐 = − 1.67,𝑑 = 6.72 A1A1A1A1 [5 marks]
c.i.

𝑠 ( 20 ) = 4.21 km (Note: Condone 𝑠 ( 20 ) = 4.2 km obtained from using rounded

values.) M1A1
[2 marks]
[Link].
2
EITHER finding maximum of
𝑑𝑠
𝑑𝑡
OR solving
𝑑 𝑠
𝑑𝑡2
=0 M1
maximum speed = 0.390… km per minute A1 maximum speed = 6.51 ms–1 M1A1
[4 marks]

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[Link].TZ0.13
a.

gradient = −1.4 A1
ln𝑚 − 7.3 = − 1.4 ( 𝑝 − 2.1 ) M1
ln𝑚 = − 1.4𝑝 + 10.24 A1
[3 marks]
b.i. 𝑚 = 𝑒−1.4𝑝 + 10.24 ( = 28000𝑒−1.4𝑝 ) A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 28000 A1 [1 mark]

[Link].TZ0.14
ln𝑣 = 𝑛ln𝑤 + ln𝑘 M1A1
gradient =
17.5 − 4.3
7.1 + 1.7
( = 1.5 ) M1
𝑛 = 1.5 A1
𝑦-intercept = 1.5 × 1.7 + 4.3 ( = 6.85 ) M1
𝑘 = 𝑒6.85 = 944 M1A1
[7 marks]

[Link].TZ1.H_8
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

3 A1
[1 mark]
b. attempt to use definite integral of 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) (M1) 1
′
∫0 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) d𝑥 = 0.5

𝑓 ( 1 ) − 𝑓 ( 0 ) = 0.5 (A1) 𝑓 ( 1 ) = 0.5 + 3 = 3.5 A1 [3 marks]

c.
4
∫1 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) d𝑥 = − 2.5 (A1) Note: (A1) is for −2.5. 𝑓 ( 4 ) − 𝑓 ( 1 ) = − 2.5

𝑓 ( 4 ) = 3.5 − 2.5 =1 A1 [2 marks]

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d.

A1A1A1
A1 for correct shape over approximately the correct domain
A1 for maximum and minimum (coordinates or horizontal lines from 3.5 and 1 are
required),
A1 for 𝑦-intercept at 3
[3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_11
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

translation 𝑘 units to the left (or equivalent) A1

[1 mark]
b. range is ( 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) ∈ ) 𝑅 A1 [1 mark]
c.

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correct shape of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) A1
their 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) translated 𝑘 units to left (possibly shown by 𝑥 = − 𝑘 marked on 𝑥-axis)
A1
asymptote included and marked as 𝑥 = − 𝑘 A1
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑥-axis at 𝑥 = − 1, 𝑥 = 1 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑥-axis at 𝑥 = − 𝑘 − 1, 𝑥 = − 𝑘 + 1 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) intersects 𝑦-axis at 𝑦 = ln𝑘 A1
Note: Do not penalise candidates if their graphs “cross” as 𝑥 → ± ∞.

Note: Do not award FT marks from the candidate’s part (a) to part (c). [6 marks]
d. at P ln ( 𝑥 + 𝑘 ) = ln ( −𝑥 ) attempt to solve 𝑥 + 𝑘 = − 𝑥 (or equivalent) (M1)
𝑘 𝑘
𝑥 = − 2 ⇒ 𝑦 = ln ( 2 ) (or 𝑦 = ln| 2 |)
𝑘
A1 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
P ( − 2 , ln 2 ) (or P ( − 2 , ln| 2 | ) ) [2 marks]

e. attempt to differentiate ln ( −𝑥 ) or ln|𝑥| (M1) d𝑦

d𝑥
=
1
𝑥
A1
at P,
d𝑦
d𝑥
=
−2
𝑘
A1 recognition that tangent passes through origin ⇒
𝑦
𝑥
=
d𝑦
d𝑥
(M1)
𝑘
ln| | 𝑘
ln ( 2 ) = 1 (A1) ⇒ 𝑘 = 2e A1
−
2
𝑘 =
−2
𝑘
A1
2

Note: For candidates who explicitly differentiate ln ( 𝑥 ) (rather than ln ( −𝑥 ) or ln |𝑥 |,

award M0A0A1M1A1A1A1.

[7 marks]

[Link].TZ1.H_12
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a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

𝑥2 − 1 > 0 (M1)
𝑥 < − 1 or 𝑥 > 1 A1
[2 marks]
b. shape A1

𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = − 1 A1 𝑥-intercepts A1 [3 marks]

c. EITHER 𝑓 is symmetrical about the 𝑦-axis R1 OR 𝑓( − 𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) R1
[1 mark]
d. EITHER 𝑓 is not one-to-one function R1 OR horizontal line cuts twice R1
Note: Accept any equivalent correct statement. [1 mark]
e. 𝑥 = − 1 + ln⁡( √𝑦2 − 1 ) M1 e2𝑥 + 2 = 𝑦2 − 1 M1
𝑔−1 (𝑥) = √e2𝑥 + 2 + 1, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 A1A1 [4 marks]
f. 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
1
√𝑥2 − 1
×
2𝑥
2√𝑥2 − 1
M1A1 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
𝑥2
𝑥
−1
A1 [3 marks]

g.i. 𝑔′ (𝑥) =
𝑥
𝑥2 − 1
=0⇒𝑥=0 M1
which is not in the domain of 𝑔 (hence no solutions to 𝑔′ (𝑥) = 0) R1 [2 marks]
[Link]. (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) =
e2𝑥 + 2
√e2𝑥 + 2 + 1
M1
as e2𝑥 + 2 > 0 ⇒ (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) > 0 so no solutions to (𝑔−1 )′ (𝑥) = 0 R1
Note: Accept: equation e2𝑥 + 2 = 0 has no solutions. [2 marks]
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[Link].TZ2.H_10
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to make 𝑥 the subject of 𝑦 =

𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑
M1
𝑦 ( 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 A1
𝑥=
𝑑𝑦 − 𝑏
𝑎 − 𝑐𝑦
A1
𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) =
𝑑𝑥 − 𝑏
𝑎 − 𝑐𝑥
A1
Note: Do not allow 𝑦 = in place of 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) .
𝑎
𝑥 ≠ 𝑐, ( 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 ) A1
Note: The final A mark is independent.
[5 marks]
b.i. 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 + 𝑥−2
1
A1A1 [2 marks]
[Link].

hyperbola shape, with single curves in second and fourth quadrants and third
quadrant blank, including vertical asymptote 𝑥 = 2 A1

horizontal asymptote 𝑦 = 2 A1 3
intercepts ( 2 , 0 ) , ( 0, 2 )
3
A1 [3 marks]
c.
3
the domain of ℎ ∘ 𝑔 is 𝑥 ⩽ 2 , 𝑥 > 2 A1A1
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the range of ℎ ∘ 𝑔 is 𝑦 ⩾ 0, 𝑦 ≠ √ 2 A1A1 [4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_10

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a.i.

A1A1
A1 for correct concavity, many to one graph, symmetrical about the midpoint of
the domain and with two axes intercepts.

Note: Axes intercepts and scales not required.

A1 for correct domain
[2 marks]
[Link]. for each value of 𝑥 there is a unique value of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) A1
Note: Accept “passes the vertical line test” or equivalent. [1 mark]
[Link]. no inverse because the function fails the horizontal line test or equivalent R1
Note: No FT if the graph is in degrees (one-to-one). [1 mark]
[Link]. the expression is not valid at either of 𝑥 = 4 ( or −
𝜋 3𝜋
4
) R1 [1 mark]
METHOD 1
𝜋
2
b.
𝜋
AG
tan𝑥 + tan 4 1+𝑡
M1
tan ( 𝑥 + )
𝑓(𝑥) = 4 = ( )
M1A1
𝜋
1 − tan𝑥tan
𝜋 1−𝑡
tan (
4
− 𝑥) = 𝜋
tan − tan𝑥
4

4
𝜋
1 + tan 4 tan𝑥

METHOD 2 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = tan ( 𝑥 + ) tan ( −

𝜋
4
𝜋
2
𝜋
4
+ 𝑥) (M1) = tan2 ( 𝑥 + )
𝜋
4
A1

AG [3 marks]
𝜋 2 2
1+𝑡
A1
tan𝑥 + tan = (1−𝑡)
𝑔( 𝑡) = ( 4
𝜋 )
1 − tan𝑥tan
4

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c.

for t ≤ 0, correct concavity with two axes intercepts and with asymptote 𝑦 = 1 A1
t intercept at (−1, 0) A1 𝑦 intercept at (0, 1) A1 [3 marks]
d.i. METHOD 1 𝛼, β satisfy
(1 + 𝑡)2
=𝑘 M1 1 + 𝑡2 + 2𝑡 = 𝑘 ( 1 + 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 ) A1
(1 − 𝑡)2

( 𝑘 − 1 ) 𝑡2 − 2 ( 𝑘 + 1 ) 𝑡 + ( 𝑘 − 1 ) = 0 A1
attempt at using quadratic formula M1 𝛼, β =
𝑘 + 1 ± 2√𝑘
or equivalent A1
𝑘−1

METHOD 2 𝛼, β satisfy
1+𝑡
1−𝑡
= ( ± ) √𝑘 M1 𝑡 + √ 𝑘𝑡 = √ 𝑘 − 1 M1
𝑡=
√𝑘 − 1
(or equivalent) A1 𝑡 − √ 𝑘𝑡 = − ( √ 𝑘 + 1 ) M1
√𝑘 + 1

𝑡=
√𝑘 + 1
(or equivalent) A1 so for eg, 𝛼 =
√𝑘 − 1
, β =
√𝑘 + 1 [5 marks]
√𝑘 − 1 √𝑘 + 1 √𝑘 − 1

[Link].
𝛼+β =2
(𝑘 + 1)
( = −2
(1 + 𝑘)
) A1 since 1 + 𝑘 > 1 − 𝑘 R1
(𝑘 − 1) (1 − 𝑘)

𝛼 + β < −2 AG Note: Accept a valid graphical reasoning. [2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.S_3

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A1A1A1A1 N4
Note: Award A1 for evidence of approximately correct reflection in y = x with correct
curvature.

(y = x does not need to be explicitly seen)

Only if this mark is awarded, award marks as follows:

A1 for both correct invariant points in circles,

A1 for the three other points in circles,
A1 for correct domain.
[4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_6
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to form composite in either order (M1)

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eg𝑓(𝑥2 − 2), (𝑥2 − 1)2 − 2

(𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2 + 4) − 1 A1
(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 2 + 3 AG N0
[2 marks]
b. A1A1 N3

A1
Note: Award A1 for approximately correct shape which changes from concave
down to concave up. Only if this A1 is awarded, award the following:

A1 for left hand endpoint in circle and right hand endpoint in oval,
A1 for minimum in oval. [3 marks]
c. evidence of identifying max/min as relevant points (M1)
eg𝑥 = 0, 1.41421, 𝑦 = − 1, 3

correct interval (inclusion/exclusion of endpoints must be correct) A2 N3

eg−1 < 𝑘 ⩽ 3, ] −1, 3 ] , ( − 1, 3] [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.H_3
a.
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* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

concave down and symmetrical over correct domain A1

indication of maximum and minimum values of the function (correct range) A1A1

[3 marks]
b. 𝑎=0 A1 Note: Award A1 for 𝑎 = 0 only if consistent with their graph.
[1 mark]
c.i. 1⩽𝑥⩽5 A1 Note: Allow FT from their graph. [1 mark]
[Link]. 𝑦 = 4cos𝑥 + 1 𝑥 = 4cos𝑦 + 1 𝑥−1
4
= cos𝑦 (M1) ⇒ 𝑦 = arccos (
𝑥−1
4
)

⇒ 𝑔−1 ( 𝑥 ) = arccos (
𝑥−1
4
) A1 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_3
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

correct interval A2 N2
eg0 ⩽ 𝑦 ⩽ 6, [0, 6], from 0 to 6

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_2
a.

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* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

−11 ⩽ 𝑓(𝑥) ⩽ 21 A1A1

Note: A1 for correct end points, A1 for correct inequalities.

[2 marks]
b. 𝑓−1 (𝑥) = 3√
𝑥−5
2
(M1)A1 [2 marks]

c. −11 ⩽ 𝑥 ⩽ 21, − 2 ⩽ 𝑓−1 (𝑥) ⩽ 2 A1A1 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.H_6
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

correct vertical asymptote A1

shape including correct horizontal asymptote A1
1
( 3, 0 ) A1

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( 0, −
1
2
) A1

Note: Accept 𝑥 =
1
3
1
and 𝑦 = − 2 marked on the axes.

[4 marks]
b. METHOD 1 1 − 3𝑥
𝑥−2
=2 (M1)

⇒𝑥=1 A1 −(
1 − 3𝑥
𝑥−2
) =2 (M1)
Note: Award this M1 for the line above or a correct sketch identifying a second
critical value.

⇒𝑥 = −3 A1 solution is −3 < 𝑥 < 1 A1 METHOD 2

|1 − 3𝑥| < 2|𝑥 − 2|, 𝑥 ≠ 2 1 − 6𝑥 + 9𝑥 2 < 4(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) (M1)A1
1 − 6𝑥 + 9𝑥 2 < 4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 16 5𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 15 < 0 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 < 0 A1
(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1) < 0 (M1) solution is −3 < 𝑥 < 1 A1 METHOD 3
−2 <
1 − 3𝑥
𝑥−2
<2 consider
1 − 3𝑥
𝑥−2
<2 (M1)
Note: Also allow consideration of “>” or “=” for the awarding of the M mark.

recognition of critical value at 𝑥 = 1 A1 consider −2 <

1 − 3𝑥
𝑥−2
(M1)
Note: Also allow consideration of “>” or “=” for the awarding of the M mark.

recognition of critical value at 𝑥 = − 3 A1 solution is −3 < 𝑥 < 1 A1 [5 marks]

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[Link].TZ0.S_1
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to substitute 𝑥 = 8 (M1)

eg82 + 2 × 8 + 1

𝑓(8) = 81 A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. attempt to form composition (in any order) (M1)
eg𝑓(𝑥 − 5), 𝑔 ( 𝑓(𝑥) ) , ( 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 + 1 ) − 5 (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 4 A1 N2
[2 marks]
c. valid approach (M1) eg 𝑥=
−2 ± √20
,
1.23606, − 3.23606
2

𝑥 = 1.24, 𝑥 = − 3.24 A1A1 N3 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_5
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

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A2 N2
[2 marks]
b. recognizing horizontal shift/translation of 1 unit (M1) eg b = 1, moved 1 right

recognizing vertical stretch/dilation with scale factor 2 (M1) eg a = 2, y ×(−2)

a = −2, b = −1 A1A1 N2N2 [4 marks]

[Link].TZ0.S_8
b.

correct working (A1)

− ( −4 ) −1 + 5
eg 2(1)
, 2

𝑥 = 2 (must be an equation with 𝑥 = ) A1 N2

[2 marks]
c.i. ℎ=2 A1 N1 [1 mark]
[Link]. METHOD 1 valid approach (M1) eg 𝑓(2) correct substitution (A1)
eg (2)2 − 4(2) − 5 𝑘 = −9 A1 N2 METHOD 2
valid attempt to complete the square (M1) eg 𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4

correct working (A1) eg (𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 4 − 5, (𝑥 − 2)2 − 9 𝑘 = −9 A1 N2

[3 marks]

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d. METHOD 1 (working with vertex) vertex of 𝑓 is at (2, −9) (A1)

correct horizontal reflection (A1) eg 𝑥 = −2, (−2, −9)

valid approach for translation of their 𝑥 or 𝑦 value (M1)

eg 𝑥 − 3, 𝑦 + 6, ( −2 ) + ( −3 ), one correct coordinate for vertex
−9 6

vertex of 𝑔 is (−5, −3) (accept 𝑥 = −5, 𝑦 = −3) A1A1 N1N1

METHOD 2 (working with function) correct approach for horizontal reflection (A1)
eg 𝑓(−𝑥) correct horizontal reflection (A1)
eg (−𝑥)2 −4(−𝑥) − 5, 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 − 5, (−𝑥 − 2)2 − 9

valid approach for translation of their 𝑥 or 𝑦 value (M1)

eg (𝑥 + 3)2 + 4(𝑥 + 3) − 5 + 6, 𝑥2 + 10𝑥 + 22, (𝑥 + 5)2 − 3, one correct coordinate for
vertex

vertex of 𝑔 is (−5, −3) (accept 𝑥 = −5, 𝑦 = −3) A1A1 N1N1 [5 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_4
a.i.

𝑦-intercept is 11 (accept (0, 11) ) A1 N1

[1 mark]
[Link]. valid approach (M1)
1
eg 𝑓 ( 4 × 0 ) = 𝑓 ( 0 ) , recognizing stretch of 4
in 𝑥-direction

𝑦-intercept is 8 (accept (0, 8) ) A1 N2 [2 marks]

b. 5
𝑥-intercept is ( = 2.5 )
2
5
(accept ( ,0 ) or (2.5, 0) )
2
A2 N2 [2 marks]
c. correct name, correct magnitude and direction A1A1 N2
eg name: translation, (horizontal) shift (do not accept move)

eg magnitude and direction: 1 unit to the left, ( −1 ), horizontal by –1

[2 marks]
0

[Link].TZ1.S_4
a.i.

METHOD 1 (using symmetry to find p)

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valid approach (M1)

−1 + 3
eg ,
2

p=1 A1 N2
Note: Award no marks if they work backwards by substituting a = 2 into − 2𝑎𝑏 to find p.
2
Do not accept 𝑝 = .
𝑎

METHOD 2 (calculating a first)

(i) & (ii) valid approach to calculate a M1
eg a + 4 − c = a(32) − 4(3) − c, f(−1) = f(3)

correct working A1
eg 8a = 16

a=2 AG N0
valid approach to find p (M1)
𝑏 4
eg − 2𝑎 , 2 ( 2 )

p=1 A1 N2
[2 marks]
[Link]. METHOD 1 valid approach M1 𝑏 4
eg − , (might be seen in (i)), f' (1) = 0
2𝑎 2𝑎

correct equation A1 eg
4
2𝑎
= 1, 2a(1) − 4 = 0 a=2 AG N0
METHOD 2 (calculating a first)
(i) & (ii) valid approach to calculate a M1
eg a + 4 − c = a(32) − 4(3) − c, f(−1) = f(3) correct working A1 eg 8a = 16

a=2 AG N0 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_6
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

METHOD 1

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evidence of discriminant (M1)

eg 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐, Δ

correct substitution into discriminant (A1)

eg 𝑞2 − 4𝑝 ( −4𝑝 )

correct discriminant A1
eg 𝑞2 + 16𝑝2

16𝑝2 > 0 ( accept𝑝2 > 0 ) A1

𝑞2 ⩾ 0 ( do not accept𝑞2 > 0 ) A1
𝑞2 + 16𝑝2 > 0 A1
𝑓 has 2 roots A1 N0

METHOD 2
y-intercept = −4p (seen anywhere) A1
if p is positive, then the y-intercept will be negative A1
an upward-opening parabola with a negative y-intercept R1
eg sketch that must indicate p > 0.

if p is negative, then the y-intercept will be positive A1

a downward-opening parabola with a positive y-intercept R1
eg sketch that must indicate p > 0.

𝑓 has 2 roots A2 N0
[7 marks]

[Link].TZ0.S_1
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

correct approach (A1)

−( − 4)
eg 2
, 𝑓′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 4 = 0, (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) + 5 − 4

𝑥 = 2 (must be an equation) A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. (i) ℎ=2 A1 N1 (ii) METHOD 1 valid attempt to find 𝑘 (M1) eg𝑓(2)
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correct substitution into their function (A1) eg(2)2 − 4(2) + 5 𝑘 = 1 A1 N2

METHOD 2 valid attempt to complete the square (M1) eg𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4

correct working (A1) eg(𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 4 + 5, (𝑥 − 2)2 + 1 𝑘 = 1 A1 N2

[4 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_12
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

1.75 =
−𝑏
2𝑎
(or equivalent) (A1) (C1)
Note: Award (A1) for 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ( 1.75 ) 2 𝑎 + 1.75𝑏 or for 𝑦 = ( 1.75 ) 2 𝑎 + 1.75𝑏 + 22 or
2
for 𝑓 ( 1.75 ) = ( 1.75 ) 𝑎 + 1.75𝑏 + 22.

[1 mark]
b. ( −2 ) 2 × 𝑎 + ( −2 ) × 𝑏 + 22 = 0 (or equivalent) (A1) (C1)
Note: Award (A1) for ( −2 ) 2 × 𝑎 + ( −2 ) × 𝑏 + 22 = 0 seen.

Award (A0) for 𝑦 = ( −2 ) × 𝑎 + ( −2 ) × 𝑏 + 22. [1 mark]

2

c. a = −2, b = 7 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (b). [2 marks]
Accept answers(s) embedded as a coordinate pair.

d. −2x2 + 7x + 22 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of a and b into equation and setting to zero.
Follow through from part (c).

(x =) 5.5 (A1)(ft) (C2) Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (b). OR
x-coordinate = 1.75 + (1.75 − (−2)) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct use of axis of symmetry and given intercept.
(x =) 5.5 (A1) (C2) [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
𝑏
− 2𝑎 = − 2

𝑎( − 2)2 − 2𝑏 + 5 = 3 or equivalent
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𝑎( − 4)2 − 4𝑏 + 5 = 5 or equivalent

2𝑎( − 2) + 𝑏 = 0 or equivalent (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for two of the above equations.

𝑎 = 0.5 (A1)(ft)
𝑏=2 (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Award at most (M1)(A1)(ft)(A0) if the answers are reversed.

Follow through from parts (a) and (b).

[3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_15
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

10 (A1) (C1)

Note: Accept (0, 10).

[1 mark]
b. 3=
−𝑏
0 = 𝑎(1)2 + 𝑏(1) + 𝑐 10 = 𝑎(6)2 + 𝑏(6) + 𝑐
2𝑎

0 = 𝑎(5)2 + 𝑏(5) + 𝑐 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for each of the above equations, provided they are not
equivalent, up to a maximum of (M1)(M1). Accept equations that substitute their 10 for
𝑐.

OR
sketch graph showing given information: intercepts (1, 0) and (0, 10) and line 𝑥 = 3
(M1)
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 5) (M1) Note: Award (M1) for (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 5) seen.
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𝑎=2 (A1)(ft) 𝑏 = − 12 (A1)(ft) (C4)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

If it is not clear which is 𝑎 and which is 𝑏 award at most (A0)(A1)(ft). [4 marks]

c. 5 (A1) (C1) [1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.T_13
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

(70 − 75)2 + 100 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for substituting in x = 70.
125 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b. (s − 75)2 + 100 = 500 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating C(x) to 500. Accept an inequality instead of =. OR

(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for sketching correct graph(s). (s =) 95 (A1) (C2) [2 marks]
c.

(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for an attempt at finding the minimum point using graph. OR
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95 + 55
2
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for attempting to find the mid-point between their part (b) and 55.
OR (C'(x) =) 2x − 150 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for an attempt at differentiation that is correctly equated to zero.
75 (A1) (C2) [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_15
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1) (C6)

Note: Award (A1) for each correct entry.

[6 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_15
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

522 (kg) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
b. 522(8 − 6.80) or equivalent (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their answer to part (a) by (8 − 6.80).

626 (EUR) (626.40) (A1)(ft) (C2) Note: Follow through from part (a).
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[2 marks]
c. (𝑊 = ) (882 − 45𝑝)(𝑝 − 6.80) (A1) OR
(𝑊 = ) − 45𝑝2 + 1188𝑝 − 5997.6 (A1) (C1) [1 mark]
d. sketch of 𝑊 with some indication of the maximum (M1) OR
−90𝑝 + 1188 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the correct derivative of their part (c) to zero.

OR (𝑝 = )
−1188
2 × ( − 45)
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the formula for axis of symmetry.

(𝑝 = ) 13.2 (EUR) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from their part (c), if the value of 𝑝 is such that 6.80 < 𝑝 < 19.6
.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_9
a.i.

12 × 30.498 × 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting zero into the equation.
= 12 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
[Link]. 12 × 30.498 × 6 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for substituting 6 into the equation.
320 (A1) (C2) Note: Accept an answer of 319.756… or 319. [2 marks]
b. 8000 = 12 × 30.498 × 𝑡 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating equation to 8000.
Award (M1) for a sketch of P(t) intersecting with the straight line y = 8000.

= 11.9 (11.8848…) (A1) (C2) Note: Accept an answer of 11 or 12. [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_10
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.
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6400 = A × 24 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of 4 and 6400 in equation.
(A =) 400 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b. the initial population OR the population at the start of experiment (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
c. 40A = A × 2t OR 40 × 400 = 400 × 2t (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into equation. Follow through with their A
from part (a).

40 = 2t (M1) Note: Award (M1) for simplifying.

5.32 (5.32192…) (hours) OR 5 hours 19.3 (19.3156…) minutes (A1) (C3) [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_12
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

the temperature in the oven (A1)

OR
the maximum possible temperature of the cake mix (A1) (C1)

Note: Award (A0) for “the maximum temperature”.

[1 mark]
b. 18 = 150 − 𝑎( × 1.1∘ ) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of 18 and 0. Substitution of 0 can be
implied.

(𝑎) = 132 (A1) (C2) [2 marks]

c. 150 − 132 × 1.1−𝑡 = 130 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting their a and equating to 130. Accept an inequality.
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Award (M1) for a sketch of the horizontal line on the graph.

𝑡 = 19.8 (19.7992 … ) (A1)(ft) Note: Follow through from part (b).

34.8 (minutes) (34.7992…, 34 minutes 48 seconds) (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Award the final (A1) for adding 15 minutes to their 𝑡 value.

In part (c), award (C2) for a final answer of 19.8 with no working. [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.14
a.i.

𝑎 = 33 A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. 3
1
√0.08
= 2.32 M1A1 [2 marks]
b. volume within outer dome 2
3
𝜋+ 163 + 𝜋 × 162 × 17 = 22250.85 M1A1
volume within inner dome
2
33
𝜋 ∫0
33 − 𝑦 3
( 0.08 ) d𝑦 = 3446.92 M1A1
volume between = 22 250.85 − 3446.92 = 18 803.93 m3 A1 [5 marks]

[Link].TZ0.5
a.i.

1750 A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. 1350 + 400 ( 1.25 )
−5
(M1) = 1480 A1 Note: Accept 1481. [2 marks]
b. 1400 = 1350 + 400 ( 1.25 ) −𝑡 (M1) 9.32 (days (9.31885…) (days)) A1
[2 marks]
c. 1350 A1
Note: Accept 1351 as a valid interpretation of the model as 𝑃 = 1350 is an asymptote.
[1 mark]

[Link].TZ0.5
a.i.
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2
𝑝 ( 10 ) + 𝑞 ( 10 ) = 60 M1
10𝑝 + 𝑞 = 6 ( 100𝑝 + 10𝑞 = 60 ) A1
[2 marks]
[Link]. 𝑝 = 1, 𝑞 = − 4 A1A1
Note: If 𝑝 and 𝑞 are both incorrect then award M1A0 for an attempt to solve
simultaneous equations.

[2 marks]
b. (2, −4) A1A1 Note: Award A1 for each correct coordinate. [2 marks]
Award A0A1 if parentheses are missing.

c.

A3
Note: Award A1 for smooth quadratic curve on labelled axes and within correct
window.
Award A1 for the curve passing through (0, 0) and (10, 60). Award A1 for the curve
passing through their vertex. Follow through from part (b).

[3 marks]
d. the graph indicates there are negative stopping distances (for low speeds) R1
Note: Award R1 for identifying that a feature of their graph results in
negative stopping distances (vertex, range of stopping distances…).

[1 mark]
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e. 0.95 × 202 − 3.92 × 20 (M1) = 302 ( m ) ( 301.6 … ) A1 [2 marks]

f. |
301.6 − 320
320
| × 100 M1 = 5.75 (%) A1 [2 marks]
g. 330 = 1.6 × 𝑠 + 0.95 × 𝑠2 − 3.92 × 𝑠 M1A1
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to find an expression including stopping distance
(model B) and reaction distance, equated to 330. Award A1 for a completely correct
equation.

19.9 ( ms−1 ) ( 19.8988 … ) A1 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.8
a.

10log10 ( 6.4 × 10−3 × 1012 ) (M1)

= 98.1(dB) (98.06179…) A1
[2 marks]
b. 112 = 10log10 ( 𝑆 × 1012 ) (M1) 0.158 (W m−2) (0.158489… (W m−2)) A1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.HSRG_4
a.i.

( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = 𝑓 ( 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) ) ( = 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥𝑦, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ) ) ) (M1)

= ( 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) A1A1

[3 marks]
[Link]. ( 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 ) ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = 𝑔 ( 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) ) = 𝑔 ( ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) )

= ( (𝑥 + 𝑦) (𝑥 − 𝑦),𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 − 𝑦) = ( 𝑥 2 − 𝑦2 ,2𝑥 ) A1A1 [2 marks]

b. no because 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ≠ 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 R1 Note: Accept counter example. [1 mark]
c. 𝑓 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) = ( 𝑎,𝑏 ) ⇒ ( 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) = ( 𝑎,𝑏 ) (M1) 𝑥=
𝑎+𝑏

{
2
𝑎−𝑏
(M1)
𝑦=
2

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𝑓−1 ( ( 𝑥,𝑦 ) ) =
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
( 2 , 2 ) A1 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.S_10
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

substituting 𝑥 = 2𝜋 M1
𝜋
eg2𝜋 + 𝑎sin⁡( 2𝜋 − 2 ) + 𝑎

2𝜋 + 𝑎sin⁡(
3𝜋
2
) +𝑎 (A1)
2𝜋 − 𝑎 + 𝑎 A1
𝑓(2𝜋) = 2𝜋 AG N0
[3 marks]
b.i. substituting the value of 𝑘 (M1) P0 (0, 0), P1 (2𝜋, 2𝜋) A1A1 N3 [3 marks]
[Link]. attempt to find the gradient (M1) 2𝜋 − 0
eg 2𝜋 − 0 , 𝑚 = 1 correct working (A1)
eg
𝑦 − 2𝜋
𝑥 − 2𝜋
= 1, 𝑏 = 0, 𝑦 − 0 = 1(𝑥 − 0) y=x A1 N3 [3 marks]
c. subtracting 𝑥-coordinates of P𝑘 + 1 and P𝑘 (in any order) (M1)
eg2(𝑘 + 1)𝜋 − 2𝑘𝜋, 2𝑘𝜋 − 2𝑘𝜋 − 2𝜋 correct working (must be in correct order) A1
eg2𝑘𝜋 + 2𝜋 − 2𝑘𝜋, |2𝑘𝜋 − 2(𝑘 + 1)𝜋| distance is 2𝜋 AG N0 [2 marks]
d. METHOD 1 recognizing the toothed-edge as the hypotenuse (M1)
eg3002 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 , sketch correct working (using their equation of 𝐿 (A1)
eg3002 = 𝑥2 + 𝑥2 𝑥=
300
√2
(exact), 212.132 (A1)
dividing their value of 𝑥 by 2𝜋 ( do not accept
300
2𝜋
) (M1) eg
212.132
2𝜋
33.7618 (A1)
33 (teeth) A1 N2 METHOD 2
vertical distance of a tooth is 2𝜋 (may be seen anywhere) (A1)
attempt to find the hypotenuse for one tooth (M1) eg𝑥2 = (2𝜋)2 + (2𝜋)2

𝑥 = √8𝜋2 (exact), 8.88576 (A1) dividing 300 by their value of 𝑥 (M1) eg

33.7618 (A1) 33 (teeth) A1 N2 [6 marks]

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[Link].TZ1.S_8
a.i.

attempt to find the difference of 𝑥-values of A and B (M1)

eg6.25 − 12.5

6.25 (hours), (6 hours 15 minutes) A1 N2

[2 marks]
[Link]. attempt to find the difference of 𝑦-values of A and B (M1) eg1.5 − 0.6

0.9 (m) A1 N2 [2 marks]

b.i. valid approach (M1) eg
max−min
2
, 0.9 ÷ 2 𝑝 = 0.45 A1 N2 [2 marks]
[Link]. METHOD 1 period = 12.5 (seen anywhere) (A1)
valid approach (seen anywhere) (M1) egperiod =
2𝜋
𝑏
, 𝑞=
2𝜋
,
period 12.5
2𝜋
0.502654

𝑞=
4𝜋
25
, 0.503 ( or −
4𝜋
25
, − 0.503 ) A1 N2 METHOD 2
attempt to use a coordinate to make an equation (M1)
eg𝑝cos⁡(6.25𝑞) + 𝑟 = 0.6, 𝑝cos⁡(12.5𝑞) + 𝑟 = 1.5 correct substitution (A1)
eg0.45cos⁡(6.25𝑞) + 1.05 = 0.6, 0.45cos⁡(12.5𝑞) + 1.05 = 1.5 0.502654

𝑞=
4𝜋
25
, 0.503 ( or −
4𝜋
25
, − 0.503 ) A1 N2 [3 marks]
[Link]. valid method to find 𝑟 (M1) eg
max+min
2
, 0.6 + 0.45 𝑟 = 1.05 A1 N2
[2 marks]
c. METHOD 1 attempt to find start or end 𝑡-values for 12 December (M1)
eg3 + 24, 𝑡 = 27, 𝑡 = 51 finds 𝑡-value for second max (A1) 𝑡 = 50

23:00 (or 11 pm) A1 N3 METHOD 2

valid approach to list either the times of high tides after 21:00 or the 𝑡-values of high
tides after 21:00, showing at least two times (M1)

eg21:00 + 12.5, 21:00 + 25, 12.5 + 12.5, 25 + 12.5

correct time of first high tide on 12 December (A1) eg10:30 (or 10:30 am)

time of second high tide = 23:00 A1 N3 METHOD 3

attempt to set their ℎ equal to 1.5 (M1) 4𝜋
egℎ(𝑡) = 1.5, 0.45cos⁡( 25 𝑡 ) + 1.05 = 1.5

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correct working to find second max (A1) eg0.503𝑡 = 8𝜋, 𝑡 = 50

23:00 (or 11 pm) A1 N3 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.9
a.

𝑎 = 9.7782,𝑏 = 1.7125 M1A1A1

[3 marks]
b.i. 𝑛 ( 6 ) = 247 A1 number of new people infected = 247 – 140 = 107 M1A1
[3 marks]
[Link]. use of graph or table M1 day 9 A1 [2 marks]
c. 9.7782(1.7125)1 M1 = 16.7 people AG [1 mark]
d.i. 2 parameters (𝑎 and 𝑏) were estimated from the data. R1 𝜐=5−1−2 M1
=2 AG [2 marks]
[Link].

𝐻0 : data is modeled by 𝑛 ( 𝑑 ) = 9.7782 ( 1.7125 ) 𝑑 and 𝐻1 : data is not modeled by

𝑛 ( 𝑑 ) = 9.7782 ( 1.7125 )
𝑑
A1
p-value = 0.893 A2 Since 0.893 > 0.05 R1
𝑑
Insufficient evidence to reject 𝐻0 . So data is modeled by 𝑛 ( 𝑑 ) = 9.7782 ( 1.7125 )
A1
[5 marks]
e. vaccine or medicine might slow down rate of infection R1
People become more aware of disease and take precautions to avoid infection R1
Accept other valid reasons [2 marks]
f.i. 1060 M1A1 [2 marks]
[Link]. 108 A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 0.560 A1 [1 mark]
g. As 𝑑 → ∞ M1 𝑛 → 1060 A1 [2 marks]
h. sketch of
d𝑛
or solve
2
d 𝑛
2 =0 M1 𝑑 = 8.36 A1 Day 8 A1 [3 marks]
d𝑑 d𝑑

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[Link].TZ1.H_11
a.i.
2
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 = ( 𝑥 + ) −
3
2
1
4
A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 1) A1 [1 mark]
b. A1 for the shape

A1 for the equation 𝑦 = 0 A1 for asymptotes 𝑥 = − 2 and 𝑥 = − 1

A1 for coordinates ( − 32 , − 4) A1 𝑦-intercept ( 0, 1

2
) [5 marks]
c.
1
𝑥+1
1
− 𝑥+2 =
(𝑥 + 2) − (𝑥 + 1)
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2)
M1 =
1
𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2
AG [1 mark]

d.
1
1 1
∫ 𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 + 2 d𝑥
= [ln⁡(𝑥 + 1) − ln⁡(𝑥 + 2)] 0
1
A1 = ln⁡2 − ln⁡3 − ln⁡1 + ln⁡2 M1
0

= ln⁡( )
4
3
M1A1 ∴𝑝 =
4
3
[4 marks]

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e.

symmetry about the 𝑦-axis M1 correct shape A1

Note: Allow FT from part (b). [2 marks]
f.
1
2 ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)d𝑥 (M1)(A1) 4
= 2ln⁡( 3 ) A1
Note: Do not award FT from part (e). [3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.H_9
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to differentiate (M1)

𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = − 3𝑥 −4 − 3𝑥 A1
Note: Award M1 for using quotient or product rule award A1 if correct derivative seen
−15𝑥4 × 2𝑥3 − 6𝑥2 ( 2 − 3𝑥5 )
even in unsimplified form, for example 𝑓′ ( 𝑥 ) = 2
.
( 2𝑥3 )

3
− 𝑥4 − 3𝑥 = 0 M1
⇒ 𝑥5 = − 1 ⇒ 𝑥 = − 1 A1
A ( −1, − 2 )
5
A1
[5 marks]
b.i. 𝑓″ ( 𝑥 ) = 0 M1 𝑓″ ( 𝑥 ) = 12𝑥 −5 − 3 ( = 0 ) A1
Note: Award A1 for correct derivative seen even if not simplified.

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⇒ 𝑥 = 5√ 4 ( = 2 5 )
2
A1 hence (at most) one point of inflexion R1

Note: This mark is independent of the two A1 marks above. If they have shown or
stated their equation has only one solution this mark can be awarded.

so exactly one point of inflexion

R1
2
𝑓″ ( 𝑥 ) changes sign at 𝑥 = 5√ 4 ( = 2 5 )

[5 marks]
[Link].
2
𝑥 = 5√ 4 = 2 5 ( ⇒ 𝑎 = 5 )
2
A1
2
2 − 3 × 22 6
𝑓 (2 5 ) = 6 = − 5 × 2− 5 ( ⇒ 𝑏 = − 5 ) (M1)A1
2×2 5

Note: Award M1 for the substitution of their value for 𝑥 into 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) . [3 marks]
c. A1 for shape for x < 0
A1 for shape for x > 0
A1 for maximum at A
A1 for POI at B.

A1A1A1A1
Note: Only award last two A1s if A and B are placed in the correct quadrants, allowing
for follow through.

[4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_13
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

55 = 𝑎 × 20 + 10 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of zero and 55 into the function.
45 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b. 45 × 2−𝑡 + 10 ⩽ 20 (M1)
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Note: Award (M1) for comparing correct expression involving 20 and their 45. Accept
an equation.

𝑡 = 2.17 (2.16992…) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from their part (a), but only if positive. [2 marks]
Answer must be in years; do not accept months for the final (A1).

c. 𝑚 = 10 (A1)
because as the number of years increases the number of turtles approaches 10
(R1) (C2)
Note: Award (R1) for a sketch with an asymptote at approximately 𝑦 = 10,
OR for table with values such as 10.003 and 10.001 for 𝑡 = 14 and 𝑡 = 15, for example,
OR when 𝑡 approaches large numbers 𝑦 approaches 10. Do not award (A1)(R0).
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_5
a.i.
4×5
3.5
1000 ( 1 + 4 × 100 ) (M1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.

OR
N=5

I = 3.5

PV = 1000

P/Y = 1

C/Y = 4

Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
OR
N=5×4

I = 3.5

PV = 1000

P/Y = 1

C/Y = 4

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Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 4 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.
= 1190.34 (USD) (A1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution in compound interest formula, (A1) for correct
substitution.

[3 marks]
[Link]. 190.34 (USD) (A1)(ft) (C4)
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for subtraction of 1000 from their part (a)(i). Follow through from
(a)(i).

[1 mark]
b. 170
190.34
(M1) Note: Award (M1) for division of 170 by their part (a)(ii).
= 0.89 (A1)(ft) (C2) Note: Follow through from their part (a)(ii). [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_4
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct curve, showing all local max & mins.
Note: Award A0A0 for the curves drawn in degrees.

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[2 marks]
b. 𝑥 = 1.35, 4.35, 6.64 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for attempt to find points of intersections between two curves.
0 < 𝑥 < 1.35 A1 Note: Accept 𝑥 < 1.35. 4.35 < 𝑥 < 6.64 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct endpoints, A1 for correct inequalities.
Note: Award M1FTA1FTA0FTA0FT for 0 < 𝑥 < 7.31. Note: Accept 𝑥 < 7.31. [4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_2
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

straight line graph with correct axis intercepts A1

modulus graph: V shape in upper half plane A1
modulus graph having correct vertex and y-intercept A1
[3 marks]
b. METHOD 1 attempt to solve
𝑥
2
+1=𝑥−2 (M1) 𝑥=6 A1
Note: Accept 𝑥 = 6 using the graph.
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attempt to solve (algebraically)

𝑥
2
+1=2−𝑥 M1 𝑥=
2
3
A1 [4 marks]
METHOD 2 𝑥
2
( + 1) = ( 𝑥 − 2)
2
M1 𝑥2
+ 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 0=
3𝑥2
− 5𝑥 + 3
2 4 4

3𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 12 = 0 attempt to factorise (or equivalent) M1

( 3𝑥 − 2 ) ( 𝑥 − 6 ) = 0 𝑥=
2
3
A1 𝑥=6 A1 [4 marks]

[Link].TZ1.H_6
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

graphs sketched correctly (condone missing b) A1A1

[2 marks]
b.
2
𝑏
= 18 (M1)A1 𝑏=6 A1 [3 marks]
2

[Link].TZ0.H_3
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

𝑎=1 A1

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𝑐=3 A1
[2 marks]
b. use the coordinates of (1, 0) on the graph M1
𝑏
𝑓(1) = 0 ⇒ 1 + 1 − 3 = 0 ⇒ 𝑏 = 2 A1 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.H_5
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

correct shape passing through the origin and correct domain A1

Note: Endpoint coordinates are not required. The domain can be indicated by −1 and
1 marked on the axis.

(0.652, 1.68) A1
two correct intercepts (coordinates not required) A1

Note: A graph passing through the origin is sufficient for (0, 0).

[3 marks]
b. [ − 9.42, 1.68] (or − 3𝜋, 1.68]) A1A1
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Note: Award A1A0 for open or semi-open intervals with correct endpoints. Award
A1A0 for closed intervals with one correct endpoint.
[2 marks]
c.

attempting to solve either |3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| > 1 (or equivalent) or |3𝑥arccos(𝑥)| = 1 (or

equivalent) (eg. graphically) (M1)

𝑥 = − 0.189, 0.254, 0.937 (A1)

−1 ⩽ 𝑥 < − 0.189 or 0.254 < 𝑥 < 0.937 A1A1 Note: Award A0 for 𝑥 < − 0.189.

[4 marks]

[Link].TZ1.S_10
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

−0.394791,13

A(−0.395, 13) A1A1 N2

[2 marks]
b.i. 13 A1 N1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 2𝜋, 6.28 A1 N1 [1 mark]
c. valid approach (M1) eg recognizing that amplitude is p or shift is r

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 13cos ( 𝑥 + 0.395 ) (accept p = 13, r = 0.395) A1A1 N3

Note: Accept any value of r of the form 0.395 + 2𝜋𝑘, 𝑘 ∈ 𝑍 [3 marks]
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d. recognizing need for d ′(t) (M1) eg −12 sin(t) − 5 cos(t)

correct approach (accept any variable for t) (A1)

eg −13 sin(t + 0.395), sketch of d′, (1.18, −13), t = 4.32

maximum speed = 13 (cms−1) A1 N2 [3 marks]

e. recognizing that acceleration is needed (M1) eg a(t), d "(t)

correct equation (accept any variable for t) (A1)

d
eg 𝑎 ( 𝑡 ) = − 2, | d𝑡 ( 𝑑′ ( 𝑡 ) ) | = 2, − 12cos ( 𝑡 ) + 5sin ( 𝑡 ) = − 2

valid attempt to solve their equation (M1) eg sketch, 1.33 1.02154

1.02 A2 N3 [5 marks]

[Link].TZ2.H_3
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

𝑔( 𝑥 ) = 𝑓( 𝑥 + 2) ( = ( 𝑥 + 2) 4 − 6( 𝑥 + 2) 2 − 2( 𝑥 + 2) + 4) M1
attempt to expand ( 𝑥 + 2 )
4
M1
( 𝑥 + 2 ) 4 = 𝑥 4 + 4 ( 2𝑥 3 ) + 6 ( 22 𝑥 2 ) + 4 ( 23 𝑥 ) + 24 (A1)
= 𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 3 + 24𝑥 2 + 32𝑥 + 16 A1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 3 + 24𝑥 2 + 32𝑥 + 16 − 6 ( 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4 ) − 2𝑥 − 4 + 4

= 𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 3 + 18𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 8 A1
Note: For correct expansion of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 − 2 ) = 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 18𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 award max
M0M1(A1)A0A1.
[5 marks]

[Link].TZ2.S_6
valid approach (M1)
𝜋
eg sketch of h and 𝑦 = 30, ℎ = 30, 61.5 − 55.5cos ( 𝑡 ) = 30, 𝑡 = 2.46307, 𝑡 = 13.5369
8

18.4630

t = 18.5 (minutes) A1 N3
[3 marks]

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[Link].TZ2.S_4
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

valid approach (M1)

max−min
eg 2
, sketch of graph, 9.7 = 𝑝cos⁡(0) + 7.5

𝑝 = 2.2 A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. valid approach (M1) eg𝐵 =
2𝜋
period
, period is 14,
360
14
, 5.3 = 2.2cos⁡7𝑞 + 7.5

0.448798 𝑞=
2𝜋
14
𝜋
( ) , (do not accept degrees)
7
A1 N2 [2 marks]
c. valid approach (M1) eg𝑑(10), 2.2cos (
20𝜋
14
) + 7.5 7.01045

7.01 (m) A1 N2 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.S_8
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

valid attempt to find range (M1)

eg

, max = 6 min = 2,
𝜋 𝜋
2sin ( 3 × 6 ) + 4 and 2sin ( 3 × 2 ) + 4 , 2 ( 1 ) + 4 and 2 ( −1 ) + 4,

𝑘 = 2, 𝑚 = 6 A1A1 N3
[3 marks]
b. 10 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 30 A2 N2 [2 marks]
c.i. evidence of substitution (may be seen in part (b)) (M1)
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eg 5 ( 2sin ( 3 ( 2𝑥 ) ) + 4 ) , 3 ( 2𝑥 )

𝑏 = 6, 𝑐 = 20 (accept 10sin ( 6𝑥 ) + 20 ) A1A1 N3

Note: If no working shown, award N2 for one correct value. [3 marks]
[Link]. correct working (A1) eg
2𝜋
𝑏
1.04719 2𝜋
6
(
𝜋
= 3 ) , 1.05 A1 N2 [2 marks]
d. valid approach (M1) eg

8
, sin−1 ( − 10 ) , 6𝑥 = − 0.927, − 0.154549, 𝑥 = 0.678147

Note: Award M1 for any correct value for 𝑥 or 6𝑥 which lies outside the domain of 𝑓.
3.81974, 4.03424 𝑥 = 3.82, 𝑥 = 4.03 (do not accept answers in degrees) A1A1 N3
[3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_4
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
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Note: Award (A1) for axis labels and some indication of scale; accept y or f(x).
Use of graph paper is not required. If no scale is given, assume the given window for
zero and minimum point.

Award (A1) for smooth curve with correct general shape.

Award (A1) for x-intercept closer to y-axis than to end of sketch.

Award (A1) for correct local minimum with x-coordinate closer to y-axis than end of
sketch and y-coordinate less than half way to top of sketch.

Award at most (A1)(A0)(A1)(A1) if the sketch intersects the y-axis or if the sketch
curves away from the y-axis as x approaches zero.

[4 marks]
b.i. 1.19 (1.19055…) (A1) Note: Accept an answer of (1.19, 0).
Do not follow through from an incorrect sketch. [1 mark]
[Link]. (−1.5, 36) (A1)(A1) Note: Award (A0)(A1) if parentheses are omitted.
Accept x = −1.5, y = 36. [2 marks]
[Link]. y = −9.25x + 20.3 (y = −9.25x + 20.25) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for −9.25x, award (A1) for +20.25, award a maximum of (A0)(A1) if
answer is not an equation.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.H_10
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

3, −3 A1A1
[2 marks]
b. stretch parallel to the 𝑦-axis (with 𝑥-axis invariant), scale factor
2
3
A1

translation of (
−0.003
0
) (shift to the left by 0.003) A1

Note: Can be done in either order. [2 marks]

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c.

correct shape over correct domain with correct endpoints A1 [3 marks]

first maximum at (0.0035, 4.76) A1
first minimum at (0.0085, −1.24) A1
d.

𝑝 ≥ 3 between 𝑡 = 0.0016762 and 0.0053238 and 𝑡 = 0.011676 and 0.015324 (M1)

(A1)
Note: Award M1A1 for either interval. = 0.00730 A1 [3 marks]
e. 𝑝𝑎𝑣 =
1
0.007
0.007
∫0 6sin ( 100𝜋𝑡 ) sin ( 100𝜋 ( 𝑡 + 0.003 ) ) d𝑡 (M1) = 2.87 A1
[2 marks]
f. in each cycle the area under the 𝑡 axis is smaller than area above the 𝑡 axis R1
the curve begins with the positive part of the cycle R1 [2 marks]
g. 𝑎=
4.76 − ( −1.24 )
2
(M1) 𝑎 = 3.00 A1 𝑑=
4.76 + ( −1.24 )
2
𝑑 = 1.76 A1
𝑏=
2𝜋
0.01
𝑏 = 628 ( = 200𝜋 ) A1 𝑐 = 0.0035 −
0.01
4
(M1) 𝑐 = 0.00100 A1
[6 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_15
a.

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* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

12870 − 𝑘(1.1)0 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into 𝑉(𝑡).

= 12870 − 𝑘 (A1) (C2)

Note: Accept 12870 − 3080 OR 9790 for a final answer.

[2 marks]
b. 9143.20 = 12870 − 𝑘(1.1)2 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into 𝑉(𝑡). (𝑘 = ) 3080 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
c. 12870 − 3080(1.1)𝑛 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into 𝑉(𝑡). OR

(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for a correctly shaped curve with some indication of scale on the
vertical axis.

(𝑛 = ) 15.0 (15.0033 … ) (A1)(ft) (C2) Note: Follow through from part (b).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_15
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10 (grams) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.T_11
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

x=0 (A1)(A1) (C2)

Note: Award (A1) for x = “a constant” (A1) for = 0. Award (A0)(A0) for an answer of
“0”.

[2 marks]
b. f(x) = −2 (y = −2) (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for y = “a constant” (A1) for = −2. Award (A0)(A0) for an answer of
“−2”.

[2 marks]
c.
3
𝑥
−2=0 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for equating f(x) to 0.
3
( 𝑥 = ) ( 1.5 )
2
(A1) (C2) [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_13
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

3 (A1) (C1)

Notes: Accept 𝑦 = 3

[1 mark]
b. 3 = 0.5(1) + 𝑐OR𝑦 − 3 = 0.5(𝑥 − 1) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for correct gradient, (A1) for correct substitution of A(1, 3) in the
equation of line.

𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 5 = 0 or any integer multiple (A1)(ft) (C3)

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Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their equation correctly rearranged in the indicated form.

The candidate’s answer must be an equation for this mark. [3 marks]

c.

(M1)(A1)(ft) (C2)
Note: Award M1) for a straight line, with positive gradient, passing through (1, 3),
(A1)(ft) for line (or extension of their line) passing approximately through 2.5 or their
intercept with the 𝑦-axis.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_4
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

+ 𝑘 × 42 − 58 = 2 (M1)
48
4
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of x = 4 and y = 2 into the function.
k=3 (A1) (G2)
[2 marks]
b.
−48
𝑥2
+ 6𝑥 (A1)(A1)(A1)(ft) (G3)
Note: Award (A1) for −48 , (A1) for x−2, (A1)(ft) for their 6x. Follow through from part
(a). Award at most (A1)(A1)(A0) if additional terms are seen.
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[3 marks]

c. −48
𝑥2
+ 6𝑥 = 0 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for equating their part (b) to zero.
x=2 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from part (b). Award (M1)(A1) for −48
(2)
2 + 6 ( 2 ) = 0 seen.

Award (M0)(A0) for x = 2 seen either from a graphical method or without working.
48
2
+ 3 × 22 − 58 ( = − 22 ) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting their 2 into their function, but only if the final answer
is −22. Substitution of the known result invalidates the process; award (M0)(A0)(M0).

−22 (AG) [3 marks]

e.

(A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (A1) for correct window. Axes must be labelled.
(A1)(ft) for a smooth curve with correct shape and zeros in approximately correct
positions relative to each other.
(A1)(ft) for point P indicated in approximately the correct position. Follow through
from their x-coordinate in part (c). (A1)(ft) for two x-intercepts identified on the graph
and curve reflecting asymptotic properties.

[4 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_10
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a.

460 × 3 . 07 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award (A1) for selecting 3 . 07 as the exchange rate, (M1) for multiplying 460 by
an exchange rate from the table.

1412 MYR (A1) (C3)

Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is to the wrong level of accuracy.
[3 marks]
b. 1412 - 440
4 . 45
(M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct subtraction or for 972 972 . 2 or their correct
difference seen. Award (M1) for dividing by 4 . 45. Follow through from part (a).

218 USD (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is to the wrong level of accuracy.
[3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
a.

170 (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
b. 130 000 = 170 × 1 . 31𝑡 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating 130 000 to the exponential function.

𝑡= 24 . 6 (24 . 5882 … (years)) (A1) (C2) [2 marks]

c. 170 × 1 . 3170 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution in the function 𝑁𝑡.
2 . 75 × 1010 2 . 75067 … × 1010 , 27 500 000 000, 27 506 771 343 (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
d.

The number of Elvis impersonators in 2047, is greater than the world population.
(R1) (C1)
OR 2 . 75 × 1010 > 9 500 000 000 (R1) (C1)
Note: Award (R1) for a correct comparison of their number of impersonators with the
world population. Follow through from part (c) if a reasonable argument can be made
that the model is unrealistic.
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Award (R0) if the number of impersonators is not explicitly seen in part (c) or in part
(d).

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.T_14
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

400 (USD) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
b. 8500 (0.95)𝑡 = 400 × 𝑡 + 2000 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating 8500(0.95)𝑡 to 400 × 𝑡 + 2000 or for comparing the
difference between the two expressions to zero or for showing a sketch of both
functions.

(𝑡 = ) 8.64 (months) ( 8.6414 … (months) ) (A1) (C2)

Note: Accept 9 months. [2 marks]
c. 8500(0.95)2 − (400 × 2 + 2000) (M1)(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of 𝑡 = 2 into equation for 𝑃, (M1) for
finding the difference between a value/expression for 𝑃 and a value/expression for 𝑆.
The first (M1) is implied if 7671.25 seen.

4870 (USD) (4871.25) (A1) (C3) Note: Accept 4871.3. [3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_12

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a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

(𝑥 ∈ 𝑅), 𝑥 ≠ 0 (A2) (C2)

Note: Accept equivalent notation. Award (A1)(A0) for 𝑦 ≠ 0.

Award (A1) for a clear statement that demonstrates understanding of the meaning of
domain. For example, D: ( − ∞, 0) ∪ (1, ∞) should be awarded (A1)(A0).

[2 marks]
b.i.

(A1) (C1)
Note: The command term “Draw” states: “A ruler (straight edge) should be used for
straight lines”; do not accept a freehand 𝑦 = − 6 line.

[1 mark]
[Link]. 2 (A1)(ft) (C1) Note: Follow through from part (b)(i). [1 mark]
c. −2 < 𝑘 < 6 (A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for both end points correct and (A1) for correct strict inequalities.

Award at most (A1)(A0) if the stated variable is different from 𝑘 or 𝑦 for example
−2 < 𝑥 < 6 is (A1)(A0).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_4
[Link].

0<𝑥<
1
2
(A1)(A1)

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Note: Award (A1) for both endpoints correct, (A1) for correct mathematical notation
indicating an interval with two endpoints. Accept weak inequalities. Award at most
(A1)(A0) for incorrect notation such as 0 − 0.5 or a written description of the domain
with correct endpoints. Award at most (A1)(A0) for 0 < 𝑦 < 2 .
1

[2 marks]
d. 0
𝑔 ( 0 ) = 0.5 ( 3 ) + 1 (M1) 1.5 (km) (A1)(G2) [2 marks]
e. domain given as 𝑥 > 0 (but equation of road is 𝑥 = 0) (R1) OR
(equation of road is 𝑥 = 0) the function of the river is asymptotic to 𝑥 = 0 (R1)
so it does not meet the river (A1)
Note: Award the (R1) for a correct mathematical statement about the equation of the
river (and the equation of the road). Justification must be based on mathematical
reasoning. Do not award (R0)(A1).
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_9
−𝑏
2( − 1)
=3 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into axis of symmetry formula.

OR
𝑏 − 2𝑥 = 0 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correctly differentiating and equating to zero.

OR
𝑐 + 𝑏( − 1) − ( − 1)2 = 0 (or equivalent)

𝑐 + 𝑏(3) − (3)2 = 16 (or equivalent) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of ( − 1, 0) and (3, 16) in the original
quadratic function.

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(𝑏 = ) 6 (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_6
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 = 682 (or 4624 or equivalent) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
b. 𝑦
=
3
(M1) Note: Award (M1) for a correct equation.
𝑥 4

3
𝑦 = 4 𝑥 (𝑦 = 0.75𝑥) (A1) (C2) [2 marks]
2
c. 3 9
𝑥 2 + ( 4 𝑥 ) = 682 ( or 𝑥 2 + 16 𝑥 2 = 4624 or equivalent) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of their expression for 𝑦 into their answer
to part (a). Accept correct substitution of 𝑥 in terms of 𝑦.

𝑥 = 54.4 (cm), 𝑦 = 40.8 (cm) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Follow through from parts (a) and (b) as long as 𝑥 > 0 and 𝑦 > 0.

[3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_6
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

0 = 10a + 5 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting any point from L1 into the equation.

OR
0−5
10 − 0
(M1)

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Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting any two points on L1 into the gradient
formula.
5 1
− 10 ( − 2 , − 0.5 ) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
b.

( −1.33, 5.67 ) ( ( − 4 , 17 ) , ( −1 1 , 5 2 ) , ( −1.33333 … , 5.66666 … ) )

3 13 3 3
(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)
(C2)
Note: Award (A1) for x-coordinate and (A1) for y-coordinate. Follow through from their
part (a). Award (A1)(A0) if brackets are missing. Accept x = −1.33, y = 5.67.

[2 marks]
c. 3 = −2(2) + c (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting –2 and the given point into the equation of
a line.

y = −2x + 7 (A1) (C2)

Note: Award (A0) if the equation is not written in the form y = mx + c. [2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.T_3
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

0.3(1)3 +
10
1
+ 2−1 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into function.

= 10.8 (A1)(G2)
[2 marks]

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b.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for indication of correct window and labelled axes.

Award (A1) for correct shape and position for 𝑥 < 0 (with the local maximum, local
minimum and 𝑥-intercept in relative approximate location in 3rd quadrant).

Award (A1) for correct shape and position for 𝑥 > 0 (with the local minimum in relative
approximate location in 1st quadrant).

Award (A1) for smooth curve with indication of asymptote (graph should not touch 𝑦-
axis and should not curve away from the 𝑦-axis). The asymptote is only assessed in
this mark.

[4 marks]
c. 𝑥=0 (A2)
Note: Award (A1) for “𝑥 = (a constant)” and (A1) for “(a constant) = 0”.

The answer must be an equation. [2 marks]

d. ( − 6.18, 0) ( − 6.17516 … , 0) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for each correct coordinate. Award (A0)(A1) if parentheses are
missing.

[2 marks]
e. −4.99 < 𝑥 < − 2.47 ( − 4.98688 … < 𝑥 < − 2.46635 … ) (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for both correct end points, (A1) for strict inequalities used with 2
endpoints.

[2 marks]
f. 0.3𝑥 3 +
10
𝑥
+ 2−𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 3 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the expressions for 𝑓 and 𝑔 or for the line 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3
sketched (positive gradient, negative 𝑦-intercept) on their graph from part (a).
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(𝑥 = ) − 1.34 ( − 1.33650 … ) (A1)(G2)

Note: Award a maximum of (M1)(A0) or (G1) for coordinate pair seen as final answer.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_11
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

𝑥= -2 - 4 OR 𝑥= -2 - 2 - -2 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct calculation of the left symmetrical point.

𝑥= -6 (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
b.

(A1)(A1) (C2)

Note: Award (A1) for each correct row. [2 marks]

c. 𝑥 > -2 OR 𝑥 ≥ -2 (A1)(A1) (C2)

Note: Award (A1) for -2 seen as part of an inequality, (A1) for completely correct
notation. Award (A1)(A1) for correct equivalent statement in words, for example
“decreasing when 𝑥 is greater than negative 2”.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
a.
2 - -1
-3 - -9
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the gradient formula.
=
1
2
3
6
, 0.5 (A1)(G2)
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[2 marks]
b. -3 =
-9 + 𝑥
2
-6 + 9 = 𝑥 and 2 =
-1 + 𝑦
2
4+1=𝑦 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into the midpoint formula for both
coordinates.

OR

(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for a sketch showing the horizontal displacement from M to C is 6
and the vertical displacement is 3 and the coordinates at M.

OR -3 + 6 = 3 and 2 + 3 = 5 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for correct equations seen.

3, 5 (A1)(G1)(G1)
Note: Accept 𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = 5. Award at most (M1)(A0) or (G1)(G0) if parentheses are
missing.

[2 marks]
c. gradient of the normal = - 2 (A1)(ft)
Note: Follow through from their gradient from part (a).
𝑦 - 2 = - 2𝑥 + 3 OR 2 = - 2-3 + 𝑐 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of M and their gradient of normal into
straight line formula.

2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 4 = 0 (accept integer multiples) (A1)(ft)(G3) [3 marks]

d. 2𝑘 + 4 + 4 = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution of 𝑦 = 4 into their equation of normal line or
substitution of M and 𝑘, 4 into equation of gradient of normal.

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𝑘 = -4 (A1)(ft)(G2) Note: Follow through from part (c). [2 marks]

e. √-4 + 32 + 4 - 22 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting point M and their N into distance formula.
√ 5 2 . 24, 2 . 23606 … (A1)(ft) Note: Follow through from part (d). [2 marks]
f. 1
2
× 2 × √ 45 × √ 5 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into area of a triangle formula. Award
(M0) for their 12 × √45 × √5 without any evidence of multiplication by 2 to find length
AC. Accept any other correct method to find the area.

15 (A1)(ft)(G2)
Note: Accept 15 . 02637 … from use of a 3 sf value for √ 5. Follow through from part
(e).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_12
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

0 = 𝐾 - 601 . 20 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted function equated to zero.

𝐾= 60 (A1) (C2)

[2 marks]
b. the (vertical) speed that Jean-Pierre is approaching (as 𝑡 increases) (A1) (C1)
OR
the limit of the (vertical) speed of Jean-Pierre (A1) (C1)

Note: Accept “maximum speed” or “terminal speed”. [1 mark]

c. 𝑆= 60 - 601 . 2-10 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituted function.

𝑆= 50 . 3096 … m s-1 (A1)(ft) Note: Follow through from part (a).

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181 km h-1 181 . 114 … km h-1 (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Award the final (A1)(ft) for correct conversion of their speed to km h−1 .

[3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_4
a.i.

0=𝑥+
12
𝑥2
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for equating the function to zero.

𝑥= - 2 . 29 -2 . 28942 … (A1) (C2)

Note: Award (C1) for a correct 𝑥-value given as part of a coordinate pair or alongside
an explicitly stated 𝑦-value.

[2 marks]
[Link]. 2 . 88, 4 . 33 2 . 88449 … , 4 . 32674 … (A1)(A1) (C2)

Note: Accept 𝑥 = 2 . 88, 𝑦 = 4 . 33. [2 marks]

b. 3-𝑥 = 𝑥+
12
𝑥2
(or equivalent) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for equating the functions or for a sketch of the two functions.

𝑥= - 1 . 43 -1 . 43080 … (A1) (C2)

Note: Do not award the final (A1) if the answer is seen as part of a coordinate pair or a
𝑦-value is explicitly stated, unless already penalized in part (a).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
a.
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40 (euros) (A1) (C1)

[1 mark]
b. ( 𝑀 ( 94 ) = ) 5 ( 94 ) + 40 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of 94 into given function.
510 (euros) (A1) (C2) [2 marks]
c. 7 (T-shirts) (A1) (C1) [1 mark]
d. 9𝑝 = 5𝑝 + 40 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the given functions. Accept a sketch showing both
functions.

( 𝑝 = ) 10 (T-shirts) (A1) (C2) [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
a.i.

the cost of each (large cheese) pizza / a pizza / one pizza / per pizza (A1) (C1)
Note: Award (A0) for “the cost of (large cheese) pizzas”. Do not accept “the minimum
cost of a pizza”.

[1 mark]
[Link]. the (fixed) delivery cost (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
b. 2 (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
c. 450 = 34 . 50𝑛 + 8 . 50 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for equating the cost equation to 450 (may be stated as an
inequality).

12 (A1)(ft) (C3)
12 . 8 12 . 7971 … (A1)

Note: The final answer must be an integer.

The final (A1)(ft) is awarded for rounding their answer down to a whole number,
provided their unrounded answer is seen.

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[3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.S_1
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to substitute 𝑥 = 1 (M1)

50
eg 𝑓1, 12 + 1 + 1

52 (exact) A1 N2
[2 marks]
b. -4 . 04932 -4 . 05 A2 N2 [2 marks]
c. 2 . 76649, 28 . 4934 A2 . 77, 28 . 5 A1A1 N2 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.T_2
4 5
𝑦 = 3 𝑥 − 2 (𝑦 = 1.33 … 𝑥 − 2.5) (A1)(ft) (C1)

Note: Follow through from parts (c)(i) and (a). Award (A0) if final answer is not written
in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐.

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.2

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a.

4×
360°
12
OR 4 × 30° (M1)
120° A1

[2 marks]
b. substitution in cosine rule (M1)
AB2 = 102 + 62 - 2 × 10 × 6 × cos120° (A1) AB = 14 cm A1

Note: Follow through marks in part (b) are contingent on working seen. [3 marks]
c. 𝜃 = 13 × 6 (M1) = 78° A1
[2 marks]
d. substitution into the formula for arc length (M1)
𝑙=
78
360
× 2 × π × 10 OR 𝑙=
13π
30
× 10

= 13 . 6 cm 13 . 6135 … , 4 . 33π,
13π
A1
3
[2 marks]
e. substitution into the area of a sector (M1)
𝐴=
78
360
× π × 102 OR 1
𝑙= 2×
13π
30
× 102

= 68 . 1 cm2 68 . 0678 … , 21 . 7π,

65π
A1
3
[2 marks]
f. 23 A1
[1 mark]
g. correct substitution (M1) ℎ = 10 cos160° + 13

= 3 . 60 cm 3 . 60307 … A1
[2 marks]
h. 10 A1
[1 mark]
i. EITHER 10 × cos𝜃 + 13 = - 10 × cos 12 + 13
𝜃
(M1)
OR

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(M1)

Note: Award M1 for equating the functions. Accept a sketch of ℎ𝜃 and 𝑔𝜃 with point(s)
of intersection marked.

THEN 𝑘 = 196° 196 . 363 … A1

Note: The answer 166 . 153 … is incorrect but the correct method is implicit. Award
(M1)A0.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.T_4
a.

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

−3 (A1)(A1) (C2)

Notes: Award (A1) for 3 and (A1) for a negative value.

Award (A1)(A0) for either 3𝑥 or −3𝑥.

[2 marks]
b. 6 = − 3(2) + 𝑐OR(𝑦 − 6) = − 3(𝑥 − 2) (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution of their gradient from part (a) into a correct
equation with the coordinates (2, 6) correctly substituted.

𝑦 = − 3𝑥 + 12 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Notes: Award (A1)(ft) for their correct equation. Follow through from part (a).

If no method seen, award (A1)(A0) for 𝑦 = − 3𝑥. Award (A1)(A0) for −3𝑥 + 12.

[2 marks]
c. 0 = − 3𝑥 + 12 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for substitution of 𝑦 = 0 in their equation from part (b).

(𝑥 = ) 4 (A1)(ft) (C2)
Notes: Follow through from their equation from part (b). Do not follow through if no
method seen. Do not award the final (A1) if the value of 𝑥 is negative or zero.
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[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.2
a.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

𝐶 = 𝑘𝑟3 (M1)
375 = 𝑘 × 0 . 83 ⇒ 𝑘 = 732 732 . 421 … (M1)
𝐶 = 732𝑟3 A1

[3 marks]
b. 𝐶 = 732 . 42 … × 1 . 13 (M1) 𝐶 = $ 975 974 . 853 … A1
Note: accept $ 974 from use of 𝐶 = 732𝑟3 . [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.6
a.i.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.
2600 - 800
2
= 900 (M1)A1

[2 marks]
[Link].
360
12
= 30 (M1)A1 Note: Accept 2𝜋
12
= 0 . 524 0 . 523598 … . [2 marks]

[Link].
2600 + 800
2
= 1700 A1 [1 mark]
b. Solve 900 sin30𝑡 + 1700 = 2200 (M1) 𝑡 = 1 . 12 1 . 12496 … A1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.S_4
a.

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* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in
marking or structure.

attempt to form composite (in any order) (M1)

eg 𝑓ln 𝑥 , 𝑔4 - 𝑥 3

𝑓 ∘ 𝑔𝑥 = 4 - ln 𝑥 3 A1 N2
[2 marks]
b.i. valid approach using GDC (M1) eg 2 . 85056 2 . 85 A1 N2

, 2 . 85, 2 . 85

[2 marks]
[Link]. METHOD 1 – (using properties of functions)
recognizing inverse relationship (M1) eg 𝑓𝑔2𝑎 = 𝑓𝑓-1 2𝑎 = 2𝑎

equating 2𝑎 to their 𝑥 from (i) (A1) eg 2𝑎 = 2 . 85056 1 . 42528

𝑎 = 1 . 43 A1 N2 METHOD 2 – (finding inverse)

interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 (seen anywhere) (M1) eg 𝑥 = 4 - 𝑦3 , 𝑓-1 𝑥 = 3√ 4 - 𝑥

correct working (A1)

eg 1 . 42528
√ 4 - 2𝑎 = ln2𝑎, sketch showing intersection of 𝑓 2𝑥 and 𝑔2𝑥
3 -1

𝑎 = 1 . 43 A1 N2 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ0.8
Vertical stretch, scale factor 3 A1
Horizontal stretch, scale factor
1
π
≈ 0 . 318 A1
Horizontal translation of 1 unit to the right A1

Note: The vertical stretch can be at any position in the order of transformations. If the
order of the final two transformations are reversed the horizontal translation is π units to
the right.

[3 marks]
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[Link].TZ0.1

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a.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

𝑁8 = 1000 + 200 × 8 M1
= 2600 A1

[2 marks]
b. 45
300
=
300
𝑁
M1A1 𝑁 = 2000 AG [2 marks]
c.i. 𝑛 = 300, 𝑝 =
300
2000
= 0 . 15 A1A1 [2 marks]
[Link]. Any valid reason for example: R1
Marked fish are randomly distributed, so 𝑝 constant.

Each fish caught is independent of previous fish caught [1 mark]

d.i. Var ( 𝑋 ) = 𝑛𝑝1 - 𝑝 M1 300
= 300 × 2000 × 2000
1700
A1 = 38 . 25 AG
[2 marks]
[Link]. Var
300
𝑋
=
Var ( 𝑋 )
2 M1A1 = 0 . 000425 AG [2 marks]
300

e.i. 0 . 15 ± 1 . 5√ 0 . 000425 (M1) 0 . 181 and 0 . 119 A1 [2 marks]

[Link].
300
𝑁
= 0 . 181 … ,
300
𝑁
= 0 . 119 … M1
Lower bound 1658 upper bound 2519 A1 [2 marks]
f.

Linear model prediction falls outside this range so unlikely to be a good model
R1A1
[2 marks]
g.i. 1000 =
5000
1+𝐶
M1 𝐶=4 A1 1200 =
5000
1 + 4𝑒-𝑘
M1
𝑒-𝑘 =
3800
4 × 1200
(M1) 𝑘 = - ln0 . 7916 … = 0 . 2336 … A1 [5 marks]
[Link]. 𝑁8 =
5000
1 + 4𝑒-0 . 2336 × 8
= 3090 M1A1
Note: Accept any answer that rounds to 3000. [2 marks]
h.
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This is much higher than the calculated upper bound for 𝑁 ( 8 ) so the rate of growth
of the fish is unlikely to be sufficient to reach a carrying capacity of 5000. M1R1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.5
a.i.

evidence of power rule (at least one correct term seen) (M1)
d𝑦
d𝑥
= - 0 . 3𝑥 2 + 1 . 6𝑥 A1

[2 marks]
[Link]. -0 . 3𝑥 2 + 1 . 6𝑥 = 0 M1 𝑥 = 5 . 33 5 . 33333 … ,
16
3
A1
𝑦 = - 0 . 1 × 5 . 33333 …3 + 0 . 8 × 5 . 33333 …2 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for substituting their zero for d𝑦
d𝑥
5 . 333 … into 𝑦.

7 . 59 m 7 . 58519 … A1

Note: Award M0A0M0A0 for an unsupported 7 . 59.

Award at most M0A0M1A0 if only the last two lines in the solution are seen.
Award at most M1A0M1A1 if their 𝑥 = 5 . 33 is not seen.

[6 marks]
b.
1
𝐴 = 2 × 22 . 4 + 0 + 26 . 4 + 7 . 2 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award A1 for ℎ = 2 seen. Award M1 for correct substitution into the trapezoidal
rule (the zero can be omitted in working).

= 29 . 6 m2 A1 [3 marks]
c.i.
8
𝐴 = ∫2 - 0 . 1𝑥 3 + 0 . 8𝑥 2 d 𝑥 OR 8
𝐴 = ∫2 𝑦 d 𝑥 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for a correct integral, A1 for correct limits in the correct location.
Award at most A0A1 if d𝑥 is omitted.

[2 marks]
[Link]. 𝐴 = 32 . 4 m2 A2

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Note: As per the marking instructions, FT from their integral in part (c)(i). Award at
most A1FTA0 if their area is > 48, this is outside the constraints of the question (a
6 × 8 rectangle).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.5
a.

evidence of splitting diagram into equilateral triangles M1

1
area = 6 2 𝑥 2 sin 60° A1
=
3√3 𝑥2
2
AG

Note: The AG line must be seen for the final A1 to be awarded.

[2 marks]
b. total surface area of prism 1200 = 23𝑥 2 √ + 6𝑥ℎ
2
3
M1A1

Note: Award M1 for expressing total surface areas as a sum of areas of rectangles and
hexagons, and A1 for a correctly substituted formula, equated to 1200.

volume of prism =
3√3 2
𝑥 ×ℎ (M1)
A1
400 - √ 3 𝑥2 2
ℎ= 2𝑥

=
3√3 2 400 - √3 𝑥2
2
𝑥 2𝑥
A1
9
= 300√ 3𝑥 - 4 𝑥 3 AG

Note: The AG line must be seen for the final A1 to be awarded. [5 marks]

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c.

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct shape, A1 for roots in correct place with some indication
of scale (indicated by a labelled point).

[2 marks]
d. d𝑉
= 300√ 3 -
27 2
𝑥 A1A1
d𝑥 4
Note: Award A1 for a correct term. [2 marks]
e. from the graph of 𝑉 or
d𝑉
d𝑥
OR solving
d𝑉
d𝑥
=0 (M1)
𝑥 = 8 . 88 8 . 877382 … A1
[2 marks]
f. from the graph of 𝑉 OR substituting their value for 𝑥 into 𝑉 (M1)
𝑉max = 3040 cm3 3039 . 34 … A1
[2 marks]
g.

EITHER
wasted space / spheres do not pack densely (tesselate) A1
OR
the model uses exterior values / assumes infinite thinness of materials and hence the
modelled volume is not the true volume A1

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ0.S_8
a.i.
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valid approach (M1)

π π
eg ℎ0, 13 + 8 cos 18 × 0 - 6 sin 18 × 0, 13 + 8 × 1 - 6 × 0

21 (metres) A1 N2
[2 marks]
[Link]. valid approach to find the period (seen anywhere) (M1)
eg 36, 21, attempt to find two consecutive max/min, 50 . 3130 - 14 . 3130
2π
π , 𝑏=
2π
period
, 36 (seconds) (exact) A1 N2 [2 marks]
18

[Link]. correct approach (A1) eg

60 × 60
36
, 1 . 6666 rotations per minute

100 (rotations) A1 N2 [2 marks]

b. correct substitution into equation (accept the use of 𝑡) (A1)
π π
eg 4 . 06 = 13 + 8 cos 18 × 𝑘 - 6 sin 18 × 𝑘

valid attempt to solve their equation (M1) eg 11 . 6510

11 . 7 A1 N3 [3 marks]
c. METHOD 1 evidence of choosing the cosine rule or sine rule (M1)
eg AB2 = OA2 + OB2 - 2 × OA × OB cosAOB,
^ sinAOB
^
=
sinOAB
^
correct working (A1)
AB OB

π 1 ^ ^ ^
^ sin - AOB sinOAB sinπ - 2 × OAB
^ 102 + 102 - 17 . 02 sinAOB =
eg cosAOB = , - 0 . 445, = 2 2
, 10 17 . 0
2 × 10 × 10 17 . 0 10

2 . 03197 , 116 . 423° 2 . 03 116° A1 N3 METHOD 2

attempt to find the half central angle (M1) 1 ^
1
AB
eg sin 2 AOB = 2
OA

correct working (A1) eg 2 × sin-1

8.5
10
2 . 03197 , 116 . 423°

2 . 03 116° A1 N3 METHOD 3
valid approach to find fraction of period (M1) eg
36
𝑘
,
11 . 6510
36

correct approach to find angle (A1) eg

𝑘
36
× 2π

2 . 03348, 116 . 510° (2 . 04203 using 11 . 7) 2 . 03 117° A1 N3 [3 marks]

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d. recognizing rate of change is ℎ' (M1) eg ℎ'𝑘, ℎ'11 . 6510 , 0 . 782024

-0 . 782024 (-0 . 768662 from 3 sf ) rate of change is -0 . 782 ms-1 A1 N2

(-0 . 769 ms-1 from 3 sf ) [2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.2
a.i.

evidence of power rule (at least one correct term seen) (M1)
d𝑦
d𝑥
= - 0 . 3𝑥 2 + 1 . 6𝑥 A1

[2 marks]
[Link]. -0 . 3𝑥 2 + 1 . 6𝑥 = 0 M1 𝑥 = 5 . 33 5 . 33333 … ,
16
3
A1
𝑦 = - 0 . 1 × 5 . 33333 …3 + 0 . 8 × 5 . 33333 …2 (M1)
Note: Award M1 for substituting their zero for d𝑦
d𝑥
5 . 333 … into 𝑦.

7 . 59 m 7 . 58519 … A1

Note: Award M0A0M0A0 for an unsupported 7 . 59.

Award at most M0A0M1A0 if only the last two lines in the solution are seen.
Award at most M1A0M1A1 if their 𝑥 = 5 . 33 is not seen.

[6 marks]
b.i. One correct substitution seen (M1) 6.4 m A1
[2 marks]
[Link]. 7.2 m A1
[1 mark]
c.
1
𝐴 = 2 × 22 . 4 + 0 + 26 . 4 + 7 . 2 (A1)(M1)
Note: Award A1 for ℎ = 2 seen. Award M1 for correct substitution into the trapezoidal
rule (the zero can be omitted in working).

= 29 . 6 m2 A1 [3 marks]
d.i. 8
𝐴 = ∫2 - 0 . 1𝑥 3 + 0 . 8𝑥 2 d 𝑥 OR 8
𝐴 = ∫2 𝑦 d 𝑥 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for a correct integral, A1 for correct limits in the correct location.
Award at most A0A1 if d𝑥 is omitted.
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[2 marks]

[Link]. 𝐴 = 32 . 4 m2 A2

Note: As per the marking instructions, FT from their integral in part (d)(i). Award at
most A1FTA0 if their area is > 48, this is outside the constraints of the question (a
6 × 8 rectangle).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.3
a.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

ℎ = ∫ 11 . 4 - 9 . 8𝑡d𝑡 M1
ℎ = 11 . 4𝑡 - 4 . 9𝑡2 +𝑐 A1A1
When 𝑡 = 0, ℎ = 1 . 2 (M1)
𝑐 = 1.2 (A1)
ℎ = 1 . 2 + 11 . 4𝑡 - 4 . 9𝑡2 A1

[6 marks]
b.i. 2 . 43 2 . 42741 … seconds (M1)A1 [2 marks]
[Link]. 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2 . 43 A1 Note: Accept 0 ≤ 𝑡 < 2 . 43. [1 mark]
c. Maximum value is 7 . 83061 … (M1) Range is 0 ≤ ℎ ≤ 7 . 83 A1A1
Note: Accept 0 ≤ ℎ < 7 . 83. [3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.4
a.

𝐿40 = 1 . 50 × 40 - 5 (M1)
= $ 55 A1

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[2 marks]
b. 70 = 1 . 50𝑥 - 5 (M1) 𝑥= 50 litres A1
[2 marks]
c. 1 . 30𝑥 (A1) 1 . 30𝑥 < 1 . 50𝑥 - 5 (M1)

Note: Award M1 for a graph showing two intersecting linear functions, provided one
function has a 𝑦-intercept of 0 and the other function has a negative 𝑦-intercept.

(minimum value of 𝑘 = ) 25 A1 Note: Accept 𝑥 > 25. [3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.4
a.
5
𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 2
7
𝑦 = 0 . 625𝑥 + 3 . 5 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 0 . 625𝑥, A1 for 3 . 5.

Award a maximum of A0A1 if not part of an equation.

[2 marks]
b.i. 𝑦 = - 0 . 975𝑥 2 + 9 . 56𝑥 - 16 . 7 (M1)A1
𝑦 = - 0 . 974630𝑥 2 + 9 . 55919𝑥 - 16 . 6569 …
[2 marks]
[Link]. gradient of curve is positive at 𝑥 = 4 R1

Note: Accept a sensible rationale that refers to the gradient. [1 mark]

c. METHOD 1 let 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 differentiating or using 𝑥 = -𝑏
2𝑎
(M1)
8𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0 substituting in the coordinates
2
7 . 5 𝑎 + 7 . 5𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 (A1)
42 𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 𝑐 = 6 (A1)
solve to get
24
𝑦 = - 𝑥2 +
192
49
𝑥-
90
49 49
OR 𝑦 = - 0 . 490𝑥 2 + 3 . 92𝑥 - 1 . 84 A1

Note: Use of quadratic regression with points using the symmetry of the graph is a
valid method.

METHOD 2 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 - 42 + 6 (M1) 0 = 𝑎7 . 5 - 42 + 6 (M1)

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𝑎= -
24
49
(A1)
𝑦= -
24
49
𝑥 - 42 + 6 OR 𝑦 = - 0 . 490𝑥 - 42 + 6 A1 [4 marks]
2 2
d.i. 45
π ∫0 8 𝑥 + 3 . 5 d 𝑥 + π ∫4
7 . 5 24
- 49 𝑥 - 42 + 6 d 𝑥 (M1)(M1) (M1)A1

Note: Award (M1)(M1)(M1)A0 if π is omitted but response is otherwise correct. Award

(M1) for an integral that indicates volume, (M1) for their part (a) within their volume
integral, (M1) for their part (b)(i) within their volume integral, A1 for their correct two
integrals with all correct limits.

[4 marks]
[Link]. 501 cm3 501 . 189 … A1 [1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.7
a.

EITHER
50 = 100e-1 × 𝑝 OR 0 . 5 = e-1 × 𝑝 (M1)

OR

THEN
0 . 693 ( 0 . 693147 … , ln 2 ) A1

[2 marks]
b. 𝑅1 . 5 = 100e-0 . 693147 … ×1.5
(M1) 35 . 4 % 35 . 3553 … A1

[2 marks]

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c. 𝑅𝑡 > 0 OR 𝑅𝑡 has a horizontal asymptote R1

[1 mark]
d. Award A1 for one reasonable limitation of the domain: A1
small values of 𝑡 produce unrealistic results 𝑅0 = 100%

large values of 𝑡 are not possible people do not live forever

model is not valid at small or large values of 𝑡

The reason should focus on the domain 𝑡 ≥ 0. Do not accept answers such as:

recollection varies for different people

memories are discrete not continuous

the nature of the information will change how easily it is recalled

emotional/physical stress can affect recollection/concentration

Note: Do not accept 𝑡 ≥ 0 as this is a limitation that has been given in the question.

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.8
a.i.

attempt to find 𝑢20 using an arithmetic sequence (M1)

e.g. 𝑢1 = 500 and 𝑑 = 100 OR 𝑢20 = 500 + 1900 OR 500, 600, 700, …

(Charlie ran) 2400 m A1

[2 marks]
[Link]. 𝑟= 1 . 02 (A1) attempt to find 𝑢20 using a geometric sequence (M1)
e.g. 𝑢1 = 500 and a value for 𝑟 OR 500 × 𝑟19 OR 500, 510, 520 . 2, …

(Daniella ran) 728 m 728 . 405 … A1

[3 marks]
b. 500 × 1 . 02𝑛 - 1 > 500 + 𝑛 - 1 × 100 (M1) attempt to solve inequality (M1)
𝑛 > 184 . 215 … 𝑛 = 185 A1
[3 marks]

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[Link].TZ0.6
a.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

The area 𝐴 is less than the rectangle containing the cross-section which is equal to
6 × 3 . 5 = 21 R1

Note: 6 × 3 . 5 = 21 is not sufficient for R1.

[1 mark]
b.
1
2
1
×2×2 + 3.5 + 2 ×4×3.5 + 1 (M1)(A1) = 14 . 5 A1
This is an underestimate as the trapezoids are enclosed by (are under) the curve.
R1
Note: This can be shown in a diagram. [4 marks]
c. ℎ0 = 2 ⇒ 𝑑 = 2 A1 [1 mark]
d. ℎ'𝑥 = 3𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 A1 ℎ'2 = 0 M1 hence 12𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 AG
[2 marks]
e. Substitute the points 2, 3 . 5 and 6, 1 (M1)
8𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 2𝑐 + 2 = 3 . 5 8𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 2𝑐 = 1 . 5 and

216𝑎 + 36𝑏 + 6𝑐 + 2 = 1 216𝑎 + 36𝑏 + 6𝑐 = - 1 A1A1 [3 marks]

f. Solve on a GDC (M1) ℎ𝑥 = 0 . 0365𝑥 3 - 0 . 521𝑥 2 + 1 . 65𝑥 + 2 A2
ℎ𝑥 = 0 . 0364583 … 𝑥 3 - 0 . 520833 … 𝑥 2 + 1 . 64583 … 𝑥 + 2 [3 marks]
6
g. ∫0 0 . 0364583 … 𝑥 3 - 0 . 520833 … 𝑥 2 + 1 . 64583 … 𝑥 + 2 d𝑥

= 15 . 9 15 . 9374 … m2 (M1)A1
Note: Accept 16 . 0 ( 16 . 014 ) from the three significant figure answer to part (g).

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.11
a.
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𝐼=
𝑑
𝑘
2 (M1)
4=
1.5
𝑘
2 M1
𝐼=
𝑑
9
2 AG

Note: The AG line must be seen for the second M1 to be awarded.

9
Award no marks for substituting 1 . 5 and 4 into 𝐼 = 2 (i.e., working backwards).
𝑑

[2 marks]
b.

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct general shape (concave up) with no 𝐼-intercept, passing
through the marked point 1 . 5, 4; the point must be labelled with either the
coordinates or the values 1 . 5 and 4 on the 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes. Award A1 for the curve
showing asymptotic behavior (i.e. 𝐼 tends to 0, as 𝑑 tends to infinity), extending to at
least 𝑑 = 6; the curve must not cross nor veer away from the horizontal asymptote.

[2 marks]
c. 1 . 5 × 10-6 ≥
𝑑
9
2 (M1) Note: Award (M1) for a correct inequality.

𝑑 ≥ 2450 m 2449 . 48 … A1 Note: Award A0 for 𝑑 = 2450. [2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.10
a.

𝑔 ( 0 ) = 16 M1A1
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[2 marks]
b.

𝑦-asymptote 𝑦 = 4 A1
concave up decreasing curve and passing through ( 0, 16 ) A1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.4
a.

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid
teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor
differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.
d𝑁
d𝑡
= 𝑟𝐴e𝑟𝑡 (M1)A1

Note: M1 is for an attempt to find d𝑁

d𝑡

= 𝑟𝑁 AG

Note: Accept solution of the differential equation by separating variables

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[2 marks]
b. 𝑁𝑛 + 1 ≈ 𝑁𝑛 + 1 × 𝑁'𝑛 ⇒ 𝑁'𝑛 ≈ 𝑁𝑛 + 1 - 𝑁𝑛 M1
⇒ 𝑟𝑁𝑛 ≈ 𝑁𝑛 + 1 - 𝑁𝑛 M1A1 ⇒𝑟≈
𝑁𝑛 + 1 - 𝑁𝑛
𝑁𝑛
AG
Note: Do not penalize the use of the = sign. [3 marks]
c. Correct method (M1) 𝑟≈
52 - 40
40
= 0.3 𝑟≈
70 - 52
52
= 0 . 346

𝑟≈
98 - 70
70
= 0.4 A2 Note: A1 for a single error A0 for two or more errors.
[3 marks]
d. 𝑟 = 0 . 349 0 . 34871 … or
68
195
A1 52 = 𝐴e0 . 34871 … ×2
(M1)
𝐴 = 25 . 8887 … 𝑁 = 25 . 9e0 . 349𝑡 A1 [3 marks]
e. 36 . 6904 … - 402 + 0 + 73 . 6951 … - 702 + 104 . 4435 … - 982 (M1)
= 66 . 1 66 . 126 … A1 [2 marks]
f.i.

The sum of the square residuals is approximately 10 times as large as the minimum
possible, so Jorge’s model is unlikely to fit the data exactly R1

[1 mark]
[Link]. For example Selecting a single point for the curve to pass through

Approximating the gradient of the curve by the gradient of a chord R1R1

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.1
a.

recognition that period = 669 (M1)

𝑏=
2π
669
OR 𝑏 = 0 . 00939190 … A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct expression leading to the given value or for a correct
value of 𝑏 to 4 sf or greater accuracy.

𝑏 ≈ 0 . 00939 AG

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[2 marks]
b. length of day = 24 3 hours
2
(A1)

Note: Award A1 for 23 , 0 . 666 … , 0 . 6̄ or 0 . 667.

2π
2 (M1) Note: Accept 3602 .
24 24
3 3

[3 marks]
= 0 . 255 radians 0 . 254723 … ,
3π
37
, 14 . 5945 … ° A1

c.i. substitution of either value of 𝛿 into equation (M1)

correct use of arccos to find a value for 𝜔 (M1)

Note: Both (M1) lines may be seen in either part (c)(i) or part (c)(ii).
𝜔 = 1 . 97684 … ≈ 1 . 98 AG
cos 𝜔 = 0 . 839 tan-0 . 440 A1
[3 marks]
Note: For substitution of 1 . 98 award M0A0.
[Link]. 𝛿 = 0 . 440 𝜔 = 1 . 16 ( 1 . 16474 … ) A1 [1 mark]
d.i. 𝑅max =
1 . 97684 …
0 . 25472 …
(M1) = 7 . 76 hours ( 7 . 76075 … ) A1
[2 marks]
Note: Accept 7 . 70 from use of 1 . 98.

[Link]. 𝑅min =
1 . 16474 …
0 . 25472 …
= 4 . 57 hours ( 4 . 57258 … ) A1
[1 mark]
Note: Accept 4 . 55 and 4 . 56 from use of rounded values.

e. 𝑎=
7 . 76075 … - 4 . 57258 …
2
M1 ≈ 1 . 59408 … A1

Note: Award M1 for substituting their values into a correct expression. Award A1 for a
correct value of 𝑎 from their expression which has at least 3 significant figures and
rounds correctly to 1 . 6.

≈ 1 . 6 (correct to 2 sf) AG
[2 marks]
f. EITHER 𝑐=
7 . 76075 … + 4 . 57258 …
=
12 . 333 …
(M1)
2 2
OR
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𝑐 = 4 . 57258 … + 1 . 59408 … or 𝑐 = 7 . 76075 … - 1 . 59408 …

THEN
= 6 . 17 6 . 16666 … A1

Note: Accept 6 . 16 from use of rounded values. Follow through on their answers to
part (d) and 1 . 6.

[2 marks]

g. 𝑑 = 18 . 65 - 6 . 16666 … (M1) = 12 . 5 12 . 4833 … A1

Note: Follow through for 18 . 65 minus their answer to part (f).

[2 marks]
h.i. at least one expression in the form 𝑟e𝑔𝑡i (M1)
𝑧1 = 1 . 5e0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 83i , z2 = 1 . 6e0 . 00939𝑡i A1A1
[3 marks]
[Link]. EITHER 𝑧1 - 𝑧2 = 1 . 5e0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 83i - 1 . 6e0 . 00939𝑡i

= e0 . 00939𝑡i 1 . 5e2 . 83i - 1 . 6 (M1)

= e0 . 00939𝑡i 3 . 06249 … e2 . 99086 … i (A1)(A1) graph of 𝐿 or 𝑓
OR
𝑝 = 3 . 06249 . . . (A1) 𝑟 = - 0 . 150729 . . . OR 𝑟 = 2 . 99086 . . . (M1)(A1)

Note: The 𝑝 and 𝑟 variables (or equivalent) must be seen.

THEN
𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) = 3 . 06 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 99 ) + 12 . 5 A1
𝐿 ( 𝑡 ) = 3 . 06248 … sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 + 2 . 99086 … ) + 12 . 4833 …

Note: Accept equivalent forms, e.g. 𝐿 ( 𝑡 )

= 3 . 06 sin ( 0 . 00939𝑡 - 0 . 151 ) + 12 . 5.
Follow through on their answer to part (g) replacing 12 . 5.

[4 marks]
[Link]. shortest time between sunrise and sunset

12 . 4833 … - 3 . 06249 … (M1) = 9 . 42 hours 9 . 420843 … A1

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[2 marks]
Note: Accept 9 . 44 from use of 3 sf values.

[Link].TZ1.17
new function is 𝑓𝑥 - 𝑎 + 𝑏 = ln𝑥 - 𝑎 + 𝑏 (M1)
𝑓0 = ln-𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1 A1
𝑓e3 = lne3 - 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1 + ln 2 A1
ln-𝑎 = lne3 - 𝑎 - ln 2 (M1)
e3 - 𝑎
ln-𝑎 = ln 2

e3 - 𝑎
-𝑎 = 2

-2𝑎 = e3 - 𝑎
𝑎 = - e3 = - 20 . 0855 … A1
𝑏 = 1 - ln e3 = 1 - 3 = - 2 (M1)A1

[7 marks]

[Link].TZ0.3
a.

𝐴= 112 A1

[1 mark]
b. 112e5𝑘 = 360 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for their correct equation. EITHER
graph of 𝑦 = 112e5𝑘 and 𝑦 = 360 with indication of point of intersection (M1)
𝑘=
1
ln
360
(M1)
OR 5 112
Note: Award (M1) for correct rearranging and use of log.
THEN 𝑘= 0 . 234 0 . 233521 … A1
[3 marks]
Note: Award (M1)(M1)(A0) for 0 . 233.

[Link].TZ0.4
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a.

𝑚=
6-0
4-2
=3 (M1)A1

[2 marks]
b. 𝑚= -3
1
-0 . 333, - 0 . 333333 … A1 [1 mark]
c.

an equation of line with a correct intercept and either of their gradients from (a) or
(b) (M1)
1
e.g. 𝑦 = - 3 𝑥 + 4 OR 1
𝑦 - 4 = - 3𝑥 - 0

Note: Award (M1) for substituting either of their gradients from parts (a) or (b) and
point B or ( 3, 3 ) into equation of a line.

[2 marks]
𝑥 + 3𝑦 - 12 = 0 or any integer multiple A1
d. 𝑥= 12 A1 [1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.3
a.i.

recognition of arithmetic sequence with common difference 2 (M1)

use of arithmetic sequence formula (M1)
14 + 220 - 1

52 A1

[3 marks]
[Link]. use of arithmetic series formula (M1) 14 + 52
2
× 20 660 A1
[2 marks]
b. 584 + 584 × 0 . 012 OR 584 × 1 . 0121 (M1) 591 591 . 008 A1

Note: Award M0A0 if incorrect 𝑟 used in part (b), and FT with their 𝑟 in parts (c) and
(d).

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[2 marks]
c. recognition of geometric sequence (M1)
equating their 𝑛th geometric sequence term to their 660 (M1)
EITHER 600 = 584 × 1 . 012𝑥 - 1 A1
Note: Accept inequality.

METHOD 1
𝑥-1 = 10 . 3 10 . 2559 … 𝑥 = 11 . 3 11 . 2559 … A1
2030 A1 600 = 584 × 1 . 012𝑥 A1
OR
𝑥 = 10 . 3 10 . 2559 … A1 2030 A1 METHOD 2
11th term 658 657 . 987 … (M1)A1 12th term 666 666 . 883 … (M1)A1
2030 A1

Note: The last mark can be awarded if both their 11th and 12th correct terms are seen.

[5 marks]
d. 7 seen (A1) 1 . 0127 - 1
584 1 . 012 - 1 (M1)
EITHER
multiplying their sum by 50 (M1)
OR
sum of the number of visitors for their 𝑟 and their seven years (M1)
multiplying their sum by 50 (M1) 1 . 0127 - 1
29 200 1 . 012 - 1 (M1)(M1)
OR THEN
212000 211907 . 3 … A1
Note: Follow though from their 𝑟 from part (b).

[4 marks]

[Link].TZ0.5
a.

ℎ4 =
640
4
2 + 0.5 OR ℎ14 =
640
14
2 + 0.5 (M1)

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Note: Award (M1) for substituting 4 or 14 into ℎ. This can be implicit from seeing
3 . 77 ( 3 . 76530 … ) or 40 . 5.

3 . 77 ≤ ℎ𝑥 ≤ 40 . 5 3 . 76530 … ≤ ℎ𝑥 ≤ 40 . 5 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for both correct endpoints seen, A1 for the endpoints in a correct
interval.

[3 marks]
b.i. ℎ𝑥 = 10 OR 640
ℎ-1 𝑥 = √ 𝑥 - 0 . 5 OR 640
ℎ-1 10 = √ 10 - 0 . 5 (M1)

𝑥= 8 . 21 cm 8 . 20782 … A1 [2 marks]
[Link].

a tin that is 10 cm high will have a diameter of 8 . 21 cm ( 8 . 20782 . . . ) A1

[1 mark]
Note: Condone a correct answer expressed as the converse.
[Link]. 4 ≤ ℎ-1 ≤ 14 A1
Note: Accept 4 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 14. Do not FT in this part.
[1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.1
a.i.

23 mg A1

[1 mark]
[Link]. 1 - 0 . 85 OR 23 - 19 . 55
OR 0 . 15 (M1) 15 % A1
23
[2 marks]
b. 230 . 8510 (M1) 4 . 53 mg 4 . 52811 … A1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ0.3
a.i.

maximum ℎ = 130 metres A1

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[1 mark]
[Link]. minimum ℎ = 50 metres A1 [1 mark]
b.i. 60 ÷ 12 = 5 seconds A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 360 ÷ 5 (M1)
[2 marks]
Note: Award (M1) for 360 divided by their time for one revolution.
= 72° A1
c.i. (amplitude =) 40 A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. (period =
360
72
=) 5 A1 [1 mark]
d.

Maximum point labelled with correct coordinates. A1

At least one minimum point labelled. Coordinates seen for any minimum points must
be correct. A1
Correct shape with an attempt at symmetry and “concave up" evident as it
approaches the minimum points. Graph must be drawn in the given domain. A1
[3 marks]
e.i. ℎ = 90 - 40 cos144° (M1) ℎ= 122 m 122 . 3606 … A1
[2 marks]
[Link]. evidence of ℎ = 100 on graph OR 100 = 90 - 40 cos72𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 coordinates 3 . 55 ( 3 . 54892 . . . ) OR 1 . 45 ( 1 . 45107 . . . ) or equivalent
(A1)
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Note: Award A1 for either 𝑡-coordinate seen. = 2 . 10 seconds 2 . 09784 … A1

[3 marks]

f.i. 5 - 2 . 09784 … (M1) 2 . 902153 …

5
(M1) 0 . 580 0 . 580430 … A1
[3 marks]
[Link]. METHOD 1
changing the frequency/dilation of the graph will not change the proportion of time
that point C is visible. A1
0 . 580 ( 0 . 580430 . . . ) A1 METHOD 2
correct calculation of relevant found values 2 . 902153 … / 2
5/2
A1
0 . 580 ( 0 . 580430 . . . ) A1
[2 marks]
Note: Award A0A1 for an unsupported correct probability.

[Link].TZ1.11
a.

log10 100 = 𝑎 - 3 (M1)

𝑎=5 A1

[2 marks]
b. EITHER 𝑁 = 105 - 𝑀 (M1) =
105
=
100000
100 =
𝑏
(M1)
OR THEN
𝑀 𝑀 3
10 10 10

𝑏 = 100000 = 105 A1 [2 marks]

c. 0 . 001 < 𝑁 < 100000 10-3 < 𝑁 < 105 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for correct endpoints and A1 for correct inequalities/interval notation.
[2 marks]
1
d. 𝑁=
105
= 0 . 0063095 … (M1) length of time = = 102 . 2
7.2 0 . 0063095 …
10

= 158 years A1 [2 marks]

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[Link].TZ0.2
a.i.

maximum ℎ = 130 metres A1

[1 mark]
[Link]. minimum ℎ = 50 metres A1 [1 mark]
b.i. 60 ÷ 12 = 5 seconds A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 360 ÷ 5 (M1)
[2 marks]
Note: Award (M1) for 360 divided by their time for one revolution.
= 72° A1
c.i. (amplitude =) 40 A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. (period =
360
72
=) 5 A1 [1 mark]
d.

Maximum point labelled with correct coordinates. A1

At least one minimum point labelled. Coordinates seen for any minimum points must
be correct. A1
Correct shape with an attempt at symmetry and “concave up" evident as it
approaches the minimum points. Graph must be drawn in the given domain. A1
[3 marks]
e.i. ℎ = 90 - 40 cos144° (M1) ℎ= 122 m 122 . 3606 … A1
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[2 marks]
[Link]. evidence of ℎ = 100 on graph OR 100 = 90 - 40 cos72𝑡 (M1)
𝑡 coordinates 3 . 55 ( 3 . 54892 . . . ) OR 1 . 45 ( 1 . 45107 . . . ) or equivalent
(A1)

Note: Award A1 for either 𝑡-coordinate seen. = 2 . 10 seconds 2 . 09784 … A1

[3 marks]
f. METHOD 1 90 - 40 cos𝑎𝑡° = 110 (M1) cos𝑎𝑡° = - 0 . 5

𝑎𝑡° = 120, 240 (A1) 1=

240
𝑎
-
120
𝑎
(M1) 𝑎 = 120 (A1)
period =
360
120
= 3 seconds A1 METHOD 2
attempt at diagram (M1)

cos 𝛼 =
20
40
(or recognizing special triangle) (M1)
angle made by C, 2𝛼 = 120° (A1)
one third of a revolution in 1 second (M1)
hence one revolution = 3 seconds A1 METHOD 3
considering ℎ𝑡 = 110 on original function (M1) 𝑡=
5
3
or
10
3
(A1)
10
-3=
5 5
(A1)
3 3
Note: Accept 𝑡 = 1 . 67 or equivalent.
so new period is 3 seconds A1
so period is
3
5
of original period (R1)
[5 marks]

[Link].TZ2.10
a.
1
𝑦 = ln
𝑥-2

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an attempt to isolate 𝑥 (or 𝑦 if switched) (M1)

1
e𝑦 = 𝑥-2

𝑥 - 2 = e-𝑦
𝑥 = e-𝑦 + 2

switching 𝑥 and 𝑦 (seen anywhere) M1

𝑓-1 ( 𝑥 ) = e-𝑥 + 2 A1

[3 marks]
b. sketch of 𝑓𝑥 and 𝑓-1 ( 𝑥 ) (M1) 𝑥 = 2 . 12 2 . 12002 … A1
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.9
a.

Accept any one of the following (or equivalent):

one minimum and one maximum point

three 𝑥-intercepts or three roots (or zeroes)
one point of inflexion R1

Note: Do not accept “S shape” as a justification.

[1 mark]
b.i. 𝑑= -5 A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 8 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 4 = 8𝑎 + 4𝑏 + 2𝑐 0 = 27𝑎 + 9𝑏 + 3𝑐 A2

Note: Award A2 if all three equations are correct.

Award A1 if at least one is correct. Award A1 for three correct equations that include
the letter “𝑑”.

[2 marks]
[Link]. 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = - 12, 𝑐 = 18 A1 [1 mark]
c. equating found expression to zero (M1) 0 = 2𝑡3 - 12𝑡2 + 18𝑡 - 5

𝑡 = 0 . 358216 … , 1 . 83174 … , 3 . 81003 … (A1)

(so total time in debt is 3 . 81003 … - 1 . 83174 … + 0 . 358216 ≈ )

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2 . 34 2 . 33650 … years A1 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ1.1
a.

EITHER
annual cycle for daylight length R1
OR
there is a minimum length for daylight (cannot be negative) R1
OR
a quadratic could not have a maximum and a minimum or equivalent R1

Note: Do not accept “Paula's model is better”.

[1 mark]
b.i. 4 A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. 12 A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. 𝑦 = 12 A1A1
[2 marks]
Note: Award A1 “𝑦 = (a constant)” and A1 for that constant being 12.

c. 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) = - 4 cos ( 30𝑡 ) + 12 OR 𝑓 ( 𝑡 ) = - 4 cos ( - 30𝑡 ) + 12 A1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 𝑏 = 30 (or 𝑏 = - 30), A1 for 𝑎 = - 4, and A1 for 𝑑 = 12. Award at
most A1A1A0 if extra terms are seen or form is incorrect. Award at most A1A1A0 if 𝑥 is
used instead of 𝑡.

[3 marks]
d. 10 . 5 = - 4 cos ( 30𝑡 ) + 12 (M1)
EITHER
𝑡1 = 2 . 26585 … , 𝑡2 = 9 . 73414 … (A1)(A1) 𝑡1 =
1
cos -1 3 (A1)
OR 30 8

𝑡2 = 12 - 𝑡1 (A1) 9 . 73414 … - 2 . 26585 …

THEN
7 . 47 7 . 46828 … months (0 . 622356 … years) A1

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Note: Award M1A1A1A0 for an unsupported answer of 7 . 46. If there is only one
intersection point, award M1A1A0A0.

[4 marks]
14
e. 16 - 16 +
14
60
× 100% (M1)(M1)
16 +
60

Note: Award M1 for correct values and absolute value signs, M1 for × 100.

= 1 . 44 % 1 . 43737 … % A1 [3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.7
a.

𝑓-7 = 8 and 𝑓7 = 1 (A1)

range is 𝑓𝑥 ≤ 1, 𝑓𝑥 ≥ 8 A1A1

Note: Award at most A1A1A0 if strict inequalities are used.

[3 marks]
b. EITHER sketch of 𝑓 and 𝑦 = 0 or sketch of 𝑓-1 and 𝑥 = 0 (M1)
OR
finding the correct expression of 𝑓-1 𝑥 =
-2 - 5𝑥
(M1)
𝑥-2
OR
𝑓-1 0 =
-2 - 50
(M1) 𝑓𝑥 = 0 (M1)
0-2
[2 marks]
OR THEN
𝑓-1 0 = 1 A1

[Link].TZ2.11
a.

𝑓'𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 𝑥2
3
A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 2𝑥, A1 for + 𝑥32 OR = 3𝑥 -2

[2 marks]
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b. attempt to substitute 1 into their part (a) (M1) 𝑓'1 = 21 +

3
12
5 A1

[2 marks]
c. EITHER 5 = 2𝑥 + 𝑥2
3
M1
𝑥 = - 0 . 686, 1, 2 . 19 -0 . 686140 … , 1, 2 . 18614 … A1
OR
sketch of 𝑦 = 𝑓'𝑥 with line 𝑦 = 5 M1

three points of intersection marked on this graph A1

(and it can be assumed no further intersections occur outside of this window)
THEN
there are two other tangent lines to 𝑓𝑥 that are parallel to 𝐿 A1
Note: The final A1 can be awarded provided two solutions other than 𝑥 = 1 are shown
OR three points of intersection are marked on the graph.
Award M1A1A1 for an answer of “3 lines” where 𝐿 is considered to be parallel with
itself (given guide definition of parallel lines), but only if working is shown.

[3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.12
a.

𝑥=
4 . 48
- 2-1 . 6 OR coordinates of maximum point ( 1 . 4, 3 . 136 ) (M1)
𝑥 = 1.4 A1

[2 marks]
b. METHOD 1 the cart is centred in the archway when it is between

𝑥 = 0 . 6 and 𝑥 = 2 . 2, A1
where 𝑦 ≥ 2 . 112 m (which is greater than 2) R1
the archway is tall enough for the crate A1
Note: Do not award R0A1.
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METHOD 2 the height of the archway is greater or equal to 2 . 0 between

𝑥 = 0 . 557385 … and 𝑥 = 2 . 24261 … A1 width of this section of archway =

2 . 24261 … - 0 . 557385 … = 1 . 68522 m (which is greater than 1 . 6) R1

the archway is wide enough for the crate A1 Note: Do not award R0A1.
[3 marks]

[Link].TZ2.3
a.
2+6
2
,
2+0
2
(M1)
4, 1 A1

Note: Award A0 if parentheses are omitted in the final answer.

[2 marks]
b. attempt to substitute values into gradient formula (M1) 0-2
6-2
1
= -2 (A1)
therefore the gradient of perpendicular bisector is 2 (M1)
so 𝑦 - 1 = 2𝑥 - 4 𝑦 = 2𝑥 - 7 A1 [4 marks]
c. identifying the correct equations to use: (M1) 𝑦 = 2 - 𝑥 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥 - 7

evidence of solving their correct equations or of finding intersection point

graphically (M1)
3, -1 A1 Note: Accept an answer expressed as “𝑥 = 3, 𝑦 = - 1”.

[3 marks]
d. attempt to use distance formula (M1) YZ = √7 - -12 + 7 - 32

= √ 80 4√ 5 A1 [2 marks]
e. METHOD 1 (cosine rule) length of XZ is √ 80 4√ 5, 8 . 94427 … (A1)

Note: Accept 8 . 94 and 8 . 9. attempt to substitute into cosine rule (M1)

cos XŶZ =
80 + 32 - 80
2 × √80 √32
= 0 . 316227 … (A1)

Note: Award A1 for correct substitution of XZ, YZ, √32 values in the cos rule. Exact
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values do not need to be used in the substitution.

XŶZ= 71 . 6° 71 . 5650 … ° A1

Note: Last A1 mark may be lost if prematurely rounded values of XZ, YZ and/or XY are
used.

METHOD 2 (splitting isosceles triangle in half)

length of XZ is √ 80 4√ 5, 8 . 94427 … (A1)
Note: Accept 8 . 94 and 8 . 9.

required angle is cos-1 √32

2√80
(M1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for correct substitution of XZ (or YZ), √32

2
values in the cos rule. Exact
values do not need to be used in the substitution.

XŶZ= 71 . 6° 71 . 5650 … ° A1

Note: Last A1 mark may be lost if prematurely rounded values of XZ, YZ and/or XY are
used.

[4 marks]
f.
1
(area =) 2 √ 80 √ 32 sin 71 . 5650 … OR 1
(area =) 2 √ 32 √ 72 (M1)
= 24 km2 A1 [2 marks]
g. Any sensible answer such as:

There might be factors other than proximity which influence shopping choices.

A larger area does not necessarily result in an increase in population.

The supermarkets might be specialized / have a particular clientele who visit even if
other shops are closer.

Transport links might not be represented by Euclidean distances. etc. R1

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.1
a.i.

𝑄 ( 𝑡 ) = 3090𝑡 - 54000 3094 . 27 … 𝑡 - 54042 . 3 … A1A1

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Note: Award at most A1A0 if answer is not an equation. Award A1A0 for an answer
including either 𝑥 or 𝑦.

[2 marks]
[Link]. 0 . 755 0 . 754741 … A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 𝑡 is not a random variable OR it is not a (bivariate) normal distribution

OR data is not a sample from a population OR data appears nonlinear

OR 𝑟 only measures linear correlation R1
Note: Do not accept “𝑟 is not large enough”. [1 mark]
b.i. attempt to separate variables (M1) 1
∫ 𝑄 d 𝑄 = ∫ 𝛽𝑁 d 𝑡

ln𝑄 = 𝛽𝑁𝑡 + 𝑐 A1A1A1 Note: Award A1 for LHS, A1 for 𝛽𝑁𝑡, and A1 for +𝑐.
Award full marks for 𝑄 = e𝛽𝑁𝑡 + 𝑐 OR 𝑄 = 𝐴e𝛽𝑁𝑡 . Award M1A1A1A0 for 𝑄 = e𝛽𝑁𝑡

[4 marks]
[Link]. attempt at exponential regression (M1)

𝑄 = 1 . 15e0 . 292𝑡 𝑄 = 1 . 14864 … e0 . 292055 … 𝑡 A1 OR

attempt at exponential regression (M1)

𝑄 = 1 . 15 × 1 . 34𝑡 1 . 14864 … × 1 . 33917 …𝑡 A1

Note: Condone answers involving 𝑦 or 𝑥. Condone absence of “𝑄 = ” Award M1A0 for
an incorrect answer in correct format.

[2 marks]
[Link]. 0 . 999 0 . 999431 … A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. comparing something to do with 𝑅2 and something to do with 𝑟 M1
Note: Examples of where the M1 should be awarded:

𝑅2 > 𝑟
𝑅>𝑟
0 . 999 > 0 . 7552
0 . 999 > 0 . 755 = 0 . 563
The “correlation coefficient” in the exponential model is larger.
Model B has a larger 𝑅2

Examples of where the M1 should not be awarded:

The exponential model shows better correlation (since not clear how it is
being measured)

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Model 2 has a better fit

Model 2 is more correlated

an unambiguous comparison between 𝑅2 and 𝑟2 or 𝑅 and 𝑟 leading to the conclusion

that the model in part (b) is more suitable / better A1

Note: Condone candidates claiming that 𝑅 is the “correlation coefficient” for the non-
linear model.

[2 marks]
b.v.

it suggests that there will be more infected computers than the entire population
R1
Note: Accept any response that recognizes unlimited growth. [1 mark]
c.

1 . 15e0 . 292𝑡 = 2 . 3 OR 1 . 15 × 1 . 34𝑡 = 2 . 3 OR 𝑡 = OR using the model to find

ln 2
0 . 292
two specific times with values of 𝑄𝑡 which double M1
𝑡 = 2 . 37 (days) A1
Note: Do not FT from a model which is not exponential. Award M0A0 for an answer of
2 . 13 which comes from using ( 10, 20 ) from the data or any other answer which
finds a doubling time from figures given in the table.

[2 marks]
d. an attempt to calculate 𝛽 for city X (M1)
𝛽=
0 . 292055 …
2 . 6 × 10 6 OR 𝛽=
ln 1 . 33917 …
2 . 6 × 106

= 1 . 12328 … × 10-7 A1
this is larger than 9 . 64 × 10-8 so the virus spreads more easily in city X R1
Note: It is possible to award M1A0R1. [3 marks]
Condone “so the virus spreads faster in city X” for the final R1.

e. 𝑎 = 38 . 3, 𝑏 = 3086 . 1 A1A1
Note: Award A1A0 if values are correct but not to 1 dp. [2 marks]
f.i. 𝑄'
𝑄
= 0 . 42228 - 2 . 5561 × 10-6 𝑄 (A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for each coefficient seen – not necessarily in the equation. Do not
penalize seeing in the context of 𝑦 and 𝑥.
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identifying that the constant is 𝑘 OR that the gradient is - 𝐿

𝑘
(M1)
therefore 𝑘 = 0 . 422 0 . 422228 … A1 𝑘
𝐿
= 2 . 5561 × 10-6

𝐿 = 165000 165205 A1

Note: Accept a value of 𝐿 of 164843 from use of 3 sf value of 𝑘, or any other value from
plausible pre-rounding.
Allow follow-through within the question part, from the equation of their line to the
final two A1 marks.

[5 marks]
[Link]. recognizing that their 𝐿 is the eventual number of infected (M1)
165205 …
2600000
= 6 . 35 % 6 . 35403 … % A1

Note: Accept any final answer consistent with their answer to part (f)(i) unless their 𝐿
is less than 120146 in which case award at most M1A0.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.12
a.

3 A1

Note: Accept ( 3, 0 ) seen.

[1 mark]
b. METHOD 1
0 = 4𝑎 - 2𝑏 + 𝑐, 0 = 9𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐, -
25
2
1 1
= 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 (M1)(A1)
(i) 2 A1 (ii) -2 A1 (iii) -12 A1

Note: Award the (M1)(A1) if at least one correct value is seen. Do not apply FT form
part (a) if workings are not shown.

-12 . 5 = 𝑎0 . 5 + 20 . 5 - 3 (M1) (i) 𝑎=2 A1

METHOD 2
0 = 2 × 32 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐 0 = 2 × -22 + -2𝑏 + 𝑐 (M1) (ii) 𝑏 = -2 A1

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(iii) 𝑐 = - 12 A1
[5 marks]
c. 𝑥 = 0.5 A1

Note: Do not FT from their part (b), this is a contradiction with the diagram. [1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.4
a.i.

an attempt to find the amplitude (M1)

61 . 8
2
OR 64 . 5 - 2 . 7
2

𝑎= 30 . 9 m A1

Note: Accept an answer of 𝑎 = - 30 . 9 m.

[2 marks]
[Link]. (period =
60
1.5
= ) 40 s (A1) (𝑏 =
360°
40
) 𝑏= 9 A1
[2 marks]
Note: Accept an answer of 𝑏 = - 9.

[Link]. attempt to find 𝑑 (M1) 𝑑= 30 . 9 + 2 . 7 OR 64 . 5 + 2 . 7

2

𝑑= 33 . 6 m A1 [2 marks]
b. 12 × 1 . 5 OR 12 × 60
40
(M1) 18 (revolutions per ride) A1 [2 marks]
c.i. 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 720 A1 [1 mark]
[Link]. 2 . 7 ≤ ℎ ≤ 64 . 5 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct endpoints of domain and A1 for correct endpoints of
range. Award A1 for correct direction of both inequalities.

[2 marks]
d. graph of ℎ ( 𝑡 ) and 𝑦 = 16 . 7 OR ℎ ( 𝑡 ) = 16 . 7 (M1)
6 . 31596 … and 33 . 6840 … (A1) 27 . 4 s 27 . 3680 … A1
[3 marks]
e.i. 𝑑 A1 [1 mark]
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[Link]. EITHER 𝑑 + 30 . 9 = 65 . 2 (A1) 65 . 2 - 61 . 8 + 2 . 7 = 0 . 7 (A1)

OR
3 . 4 (new platform height) (A1) 𝑑= 34 . 3 m A1
OR THEN
[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.12
a.

log10 100 = 𝑎 - 3 (M1)

𝑎=5 A1

[2 marks]
b. EITHER 𝑁 = 105 - 𝑀 (M1) =
10
5
=
100000
100 =
𝑏
(M1)
10 𝑀
10 𝑀
OR 103
THEN
𝑏 = 100000 = 105 A1 [2 marks]
c.
5
𝑁=
10
107 . 2
= 0 . 00631 0 . 0063095 … A1
[1 mark]
Note: Do not accept an answer of 10 -2 . 2
.

d. METHOD 1 𝑌 > 100 ⇒ no earthquakes in the first 100 years (M1)

EITHER
let 𝑋 be the number of earthquakes of at least magnitude 7 . 2 in a year
𝑋~Po0 . 0063095 … P𝑋 = 0100 (M1)
OR
let 𝑋 be the number of earthquakes in 100 years

𝑋~Po0 . 0063095 … × 100 (M1) P𝑋 = 0

THEN
0 . 532 0 . 532082 … A1 METHOD 2
𝑌 > 100 ⇒ no earthquakes in the first 100 years (M1)
let 𝑋 be the number of earthquakes in 100 years since 𝑛 is large and 𝑝 is small

𝑋~B100, 0 . 0063095 … (M1) P𝑋 = 0 0 . 531 0 . 531019 … A1

[3 marks]
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[Link].TZ2.2
a.

𝑓-7 = 8 and 𝑓7 = 1 (A1)

range is 𝑓𝑥 ≤ 1, 𝑓𝑥 ≥ 8 A1A1

Note: Award at most A1A1A0 if strict inequalities are used.

[3 marks]
b. interchanging 𝑥, 𝑦 at any stage (A1) 𝑦 = 2 - 𝑥+5
12 12
𝑥+5
= 2-𝑦

12
2-𝑦
=𝑥+5 (A1) 12
2-𝑦
-5 = 𝑥 𝑓−1 ( 𝑥 ) =
12
2-𝑥
-5 =
2 + 5𝑥
2-𝑥
A1

[3 marks]
c. range is -7 ≤ 𝑓-1 𝑥 ≤ 7, 𝑓-1 𝑥 ≠ - 5 A1
[1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.6
a.i.

(M1)
1
𝑦 = 𝑥2
1
d𝑦
d𝑥
1
= 2 𝑥- 2 A1

[2 marks]
[Link]. gradient at 𝑥 = 0 . 16 is 2 ×
1 1
M1 = 1 . 25
√ . 16
0
EITHER
𝑦 - 0 . 4 = 1 . 25𝑥 - 0 . 16 M1 0 . 4 = 1 . 250 . 16 + 𝑏 M1
OR
Note: Do not allow working backwards from the given answer. THEN
hence 𝑦 = 1 . 25𝑥 + 0 . 2 AG [2 marks]
b. 𝑝 = 0 . 45, 𝑞 = 0 . 4125 (or 0 . 413) (accept " ( 0 . 45, 0 . 4125 ) ") A1A1
[2 marks]
c.i. ℎ𝑥 =
1
2√
2𝑥 - 0.2 A2
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[2 marks]
Note: Award A1 if only two correct transformations are seen.

[Link]. 𝑎= 0 . 28 A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. EITHER
Correct substitution of their part (b) (or 0 . 28, 0 . 2) into the given expression
(M1)
1
1 . 25 × 2𝑥 - 0 . 2 + 0 . 2 (M1)
OR 2

Note: Award M1 for transforming the equivalent expression for 𝑓 correctly. THEN
𝑏= - 0 . 15 A1
[2 marks]
d.i. recognizing need to add two integrals (M1)
∫0
0 . 16 0.5
√ 𝑥 d 𝑥 + ∫0 . 16 1 . 25𝑥 + 0 . 2 d 𝑥 (A1)

Note: The second integral could be replaced by the formula for the area of a
1
trapezoid 2 × 0 . 340 . 4 + 0 . 825.

0 . 251 m2 0 . 250916 … A1 [3 marks]

[Link]. EITHER 1
area of a trapezoid 2 × 0 . 050 . 4125 + 0 . 825 = 0 . 0309375 (M1)(A1)
0.5
∫0 . 45 8 . 25𝑥 - 3 . 3 d 𝑥 = 0 . 0309375 (M1)(A1)
OR

Note: If the rounded answer of 0 . 413 from part (b) is used, the integral is
∫0 . 45 8 . 24𝑥 - 3 . 295 d 𝑥 = 0 . 03095 which would be awarded (M1)(A1).
0.5

THEN shaded area = 0 . 250916 … - 0 . 0627292 - 0 . 0309375 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for the subtraction of both 0 . 0627292 … and their area for the
trapezoid from their answer to (a)(i).

= 0 . 157 m2 0 . 15725 A1 [4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.5
a.

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£ 495 × 0 . 95 = £ 292 ( £ 292 . 292 … ) (M1)A1

[2 marks]
b. £ 495 × 0 . 9𝑘 = 2200 × 0 . 85𝑘 (M1) 𝑘 = 26 . 1 26 . 0968 … A1
[2 marks]
Note: Award M1A0 for 𝑘 - 1 in place of 𝑘.

c.

depreciation rates unlikely to be constant (especially over a long time period) R1

Note: Accept reasonable answers based on the magnitude of 𝑘 or the fact that
“value” depends on factors other than time.

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ1.3
a.

1 . 2 metres A1

[1 mark]
b. -4 . 8𝑡2 + 21𝑡 + 1 . 2 = 0 (M1) 𝑡= 4 . 43 s 4 . 431415 … s A1

Note: If both values for 𝑡 are seen do not award the A1 mark unless the negative is
explicitly excluded.

[2 marks]
c. 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 4 . 43 OR 0, 4 . 43 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for correct endpoints and A1 for expressing answer with correct
notation. Award at most A1A0 for use of 𝑥 instead of 𝑡.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.4
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a.

midpoint ( 1, 2 . 5 ) A1
𝑚𝐴𝐵 =
6 - -1
8 - -6
=
1
2
(M1)A1

Note: Accept equivalent gradient statements including using midpoint.

𝑚⊥ = - 2 M1

Note: Award M1 for finding the negative reciprocal of their gradient.

𝑦 - 2 . 5 = - 2𝑥 - 1 OR 9
𝑦 = - 2𝑥 + 2 OR 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 - 9 = 0 A1

[5 marks]
b. substituting 𝑥 = - 6 into their equation from part (a) (M1) 9
𝑦 = - 2-6 + 2

𝑦 = 16 . 5 A1
Note: Award M1A0 for -6, 16 . 5 as their final answer.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.5
a.

attempt to expand given expression (M1)

2
𝑥𝑘 3𝑥3
𝐶= 10
- 1000
2
d𝐶
d𝑥
=
𝑘
10
9𝑥2
- 1000 M1A1

Note: Award M1 for power rule correctly applied to at least one term and A1 for
correct answer.

[3 marks]
b. (M1)
d𝐶 2 2
equating their to zero 𝑘 9𝑥2 100𝑘
d𝑥 - =0 𝑥2 =
10 1000 9

𝑥=
10𝑘
3
(A1) substituting their 𝑥 back into given expression (M1)
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𝐶max =
10𝑘 2
𝑘 -
300𝑘
2
𝐶max =
2𝑘
3
0 . 222 … 𝑘3 A1 [4 marks]
30 900 9

c.i. substituting 20 into given expression and equating to 426 M1

426 =
20 2
10
𝑘
3
- 100 202 𝑘 = 15 A1 [2 marks]
[Link]. 50 A1 [1 mark]
d.

A1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for graph drawn for positive 𝑥 indicating an increasing and then
decreasing function, A1 for maximum labelled and A1 for graph passing through the
origin and 86 . 6, marked on the 𝑥-axis or whose coordinates are given.

[3 marks]
e.

setting their expression for 𝐶 to zero OR choosing correct 𝑥-intercept on their graph
of 𝐶 (M1)
𝑥 max = 86 . 6 86 . 6025 … litres A1 [2 marks]

[Link].TZ1.5

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a.

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 600 A1
15𝑥 + 10𝑦 + 12𝑧 = 7816 A1
𝑥 = 2𝑦 A1

Note: Condone other labelling if clear, e.g. 𝑎 (adult), 𝑐 (child) and 𝑠 (student). Accept
equivalent, distinct equations e.g. 2𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 600.

[3 marks]
b. 𝑥 = 308, 𝑦 = 154, 𝑧 = 138 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for all three correct values seen, A1 for correctly labelled as 𝑥, 𝑦 or 𝑧.
Accept answers written in words: e.g. 308 adult tickets.

[2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.4
a.

attempt to use chain rule, including the differentiation of

1
𝑇
(M1)
𝑐
d𝑘
d𝑇
= 𝐴×
𝑐
𝑇 2 × e- 𝑇 A1
this is the product of positive quantities so must be positive R1

Note: The R1 may be awarded for correct argument from their derivative. R1 is not
possible if their derivative is not always positive.

[3 marks]

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b.

A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for an increasing graph, entirely in first quadrant, becoming concave
down for larger values of 𝑇, A1 for tending towards the origin and A1 for asymptote
labelled at 𝑘 = 𝐴.

[3 marks]
c. taking ln of both sides OR substituting 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 and 𝑥 =
1
𝑇
(M1)
𝑐
ln 𝑘 = ln 𝐴 - 𝑇 OR 𝑦 = - 𝑐𝑥 + ln 𝐴 (A1)
(i) so gradient is -𝑐 A1

(ii) 𝑦-intercept is ln 𝐴 A1
Note: The implied (M1) and (A1) can only be awarded if both correct answers are
seen. Award zero if only one value is correct and no working is seen.

[4 marks]
d. an attempt to convert data to
1
𝑇
and ln 𝑘 (M1)
e.g. at least one correct row in the following table

1
line is ln 𝑘 = - 13400 × 𝑇 + 15 . 0
1
= - 13383 . 1 … × 𝑇 + 15 . 0107 … A1
[2 marks]
e.i. 𝑐 = 13400 13383 . 1 … A1 [1 mark]
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[Link]. attempt to rearrange or solve graphically ln 𝐴 = 15 . 0107 … (M1)

𝐴 = 3 300 000 3 304 258 … A1
Note: Accept an 𝐴 value of 3269017… from use of 3sf value. [2 marks]

[Link].TZ2.2
a.i.

EITHER
115 . 5 = 𝑢1 + 3 - 1 × 𝑑 115 . 5 = 𝑢1 + 2𝑑

108 = 𝑢1 + 8 - 1 × 𝑑 108 = 𝑢1 + 7𝑑 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting to use the arithmetic sequence term formula, A1 for
both equations correct. Working for M1 and A1 can be found in parts (i) or (ii).

𝑑 = - 1.5

1 . 5 (cups/day) A1

Note: Answer must be written as a positive value to award A1.

OR
𝑑=
115 . 5 - 108
5
(M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting a calculation using the difference between term 3 and
term 8; A1 for a correct substitution.

𝑑= 1 . 5 (cups/day) A1

[3 marks]
[Link]. 𝑢1 = 118 . 5 (cups) A1 [1 mark]
b.

attempting to substitute their values into the term formula for arithmetic sequence
equated to zero (M1)
0 = 118 . 5 + 𝑛 - 1 × -1 . 5 𝑛= 80 days A1

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Note: Follow through from part (a) only if their answer is positive. [2 marks]
c. 𝑡5 = 625 × 1 . 0645 - 1 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting to use the geometric sequence term formula; A1 for a
correct substitution

$ 801 A1

Note: The answer must be rounded to a whole number to award the final A1.

[3 marks]
d.i. 𝑆10 = $ 8390 8394 . 39 … A1
[1 mark]
[Link]. EITHER the total cost (of dog food) R1
for 10 years beginning in 2021 OR 10 years before 2031 R1
OR
the total cost (of dog food) R1
from 2021 to 2030 (inclusive) OR from 2021 to (the start of) 2031 R1
[2 marks]
e.

EITHER
According to the model, the cost of dog food per year will eventually be too high to
keep a dog.

OR
The model does not necessarily consider changes in inflation rate.

OR
The model is appropriate as long as inflation increases at a similar rate.

OR
The model does not account for changes in the amount of food the dog eats as it
ages/becomes ill/stops growing.

OR
The model is appropriate since dog food bags can only be bought in discrete
quantities. R1

Note: Accept reasonable answers commenting on the appropriateness of the model

for the specific scenario. There should be a reference to the given context. A
reference to the geometric model must be clear: either “model” is mentioned
specifically, or other mathematical terms such as “increasing” or “discrete quantities”
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are seen. Do not accept a contextual argument in isolation, e.g. “The dog will
eventually die”.

[1 mark]

[Link].TZ2.6
a.i.

√102 + 82 (M1)
= 12 . 8 12 . 8062 … , √ 164 m s-1 A1

[2 marks]
[Link]. tan-1
10
8
(M1)
= 0 . 896 OR 51 . 3 (0 . 896055 … OR 51 . 3401 … °) A1
[2 marks]
Note: Accept 0 . 897 or 51 . 4 from use of arcsin 12 . 8 . 10

b. 𝑦 = 𝑡10 - 5𝑡 (M1)

Note: The M1 might be implied by a correct graph or use of the correct equation.
METHOD 1 – graphical Method sketch graph (M1)

Note: The M1 might be implied by correct graph or correct maximum (eg 𝑡 = 1).
METHOD 2 – calculus
max occurs when 𝑦 = 5 m A1
differentiating and equating to zero (M1)
d𝑦
d𝑡
= 10 - 10𝑡 = 0 𝑡=1 𝑦 = 110 - 5 = 5 m A1 METHOD 3 – symmetry
line of symmetry is 𝑡 = 1 (M1) 𝑦 = 110 - 5 = 5 m A1 [3 marks]
c. attempt to solve 𝑡10 - 5𝑡 = 0 (M1) 𝑡 = 2 (or 𝑡 = 0) (A1)
𝑥 = 5 + 8×2 = 21 m A1

Note: Do not award the final A1 if 𝑥 = 5 is also seen. [3 marks]

d. METHOD 1 𝑡=
𝑥-5
M1A1 𝑦=
𝑥-5
10 -5×
𝑥-5
A1
8 8 8
METHOD 2
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𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 - 5𝑥 - 21 A1 when 𝑥 = 13, 𝑦 = 5 so 𝑘 =
5
13 - 513 - 21
= -
5
64
M1A1
𝑦= -
64
5
𝑥 - 5𝑥 - 21 METHOD 3 if 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

0 = 25𝑎 + 5𝑏 + 𝑐
5 = 169𝑎 + 13𝑏 + 𝑐
0 = 441𝑎 + 21𝑏 + 𝑐 M1A1
solving simultaneously, 𝑎 = - 64 , 𝑏 =
5 130
64
, 𝑐= -
525
64
A1 5
(𝑦 = - 64 𝑥 2 +
130
64
𝑥 -
525
64
)

METHOD 4
use quadratic regression on ( 5, 0 ) , ( 13, 5 ) , ( 21, 0 ) M1A1
𝑦 = - 64 𝑥 2 +
5 130
64
𝑥-
525
64
A1
[3 marks]
Note: Question asks for expression; condone omission of "𝑦 = ".
e. trajectory of arrow is 𝑦 = 𝑥 tan 10 + 2 (A1)
intersecting 𝑦 = 𝑥 tan 10 + 2 and their answer to (d) (M1)
8 . 66, 3 . 53 8 . 65705 … , 3 . 52647 … A1
15 . 1, 4 . 66 15 . 0859 … , 4 . 66006 … A1 [4 marks]
f. when 𝑥 target = 8 . 65705 … , 𝑡target =
8 . 65705 … - 5
8
= 0 . 457132 … s (A1)
attempt to find the distance from point of release to intersection (M1)
√8 . 65705 …2 + 3 . 52647 … - 22 = 8 . 79060 … m

time for arrow to get there is

8 . 79060 …
60
= 0 . 146510 … s (A1)
so the arrow should be released when 𝑡 = 0 . 311 s 0 . 310622 … s A1
[4 marks]

[Link].TZ2.7
a.

differentiating first equation. M1

2
d 𝑥 d𝑦
2 =
d𝑡 d𝑡

substituting in for
d𝑦
d𝑡
M1
d𝑥
= - 2𝑥 - 3𝑦 = - 2𝑥 - 3
d𝑡

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2
therefore
d 𝑥
d𝑡 2 +3
d𝑥
d𝑡
+ 2𝑥 = 0 AG

Note: The AG line must be seen to award the final M1 mark.

[2 marks]
b. the relevant matrix is 0 1 (M1)
-2 -3
Note: -3
1
-2 is also possible.
0

𝜆 = - 1, -2 A1
(this has characteristic equation) -𝜆-3 - 𝜆 + 2 = 0 (A1)
[3 marks]
c. EITHER the general solution is 𝑥 = 𝐴e-𝑡 + 𝐵e-2𝑡 M1

Note: Must have constants, but condone sign error for the M1.
OR attempt to find eigenvectors (M1)
so
d𝑥
d𝑡
-𝑡
= - 𝐴e - 2𝐵e -2𝑡
M1A1
1 1
respective eigenvectors are and (or any multiple)
-1 -2
𝑥 -𝑡 1 -2𝑡 1
𝑦 = 𝐴e -1 + 𝐵e -2 (M1)A1 THEN the initial conditions become:

0 = 𝐴+𝐵 1 = - 𝐴 - 2𝐵 M1 this is solved by 𝐴 = 1, 𝐵 = - 1

so the solution is 𝑥 = e-𝑡 - e-2𝑡 A1 [5 marks]

d.

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct shape (needs to go through origin, have asymptote at
𝑦 = 0 and a single maximum; condone 𝑥 < 0). Award A1 for correct coordinates of
maximum.

[2 marks]
e. intersecting graph with 𝑦 = 0 . 1 (M1)

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so the time fishing is stopped between 2 . 1830 … and 0 . 11957 … (A1)

= 2 . 06 343 … days A1 [3 marks]
f. Any reasonable answer. For example:

There are greater downsides to allowing fishing when the levels may be dangerous
than preventing fishing when the levels are safe.

The concentration of mercury may not be uniform across the river due to natural
variation / randomness.

The situation at the power plant might get worse.

Mercury levels are low in water but still may be high in fish. R1
Note: Award R1 for a reasonable answer that refers to this specific context (and not a
generic response that could apply to any model).

[1 mark]

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