Synchronous Machines Master Guide

Comprehensive Theory & 500+ Solved Questions for PSU, SSC-JE, & RRB-JE Exams

Section 1: Detailed Concepts & Theory

1. Construction and Classification

Synchronous machines are AC machines that operate at a constant speed

called synchronous speed (Ns = 120f/P).

• Cylindrical Rotor (Non-salient): Used in high-speed turbo-alternators.

Large axial length and small diameter to withstand centrifugal forces.
Uniform air gap results in a uniform flux distribution.
• Salient Pole Rotor: Used in low-speed hydro-generators. Large diameter
and short axial length. Non-uniform air gap; poles project out from the
rotor surface.

2. Performance and Characteristics

• EMF Equation: Eph = 4.44 . f . Φ . Tph . Kw. The winding factor (Kw)
accounts for pitch and distribution factors.
• Armature Reaction: The effect of armature flux on the main field flux.
It is purely distorting at unity power factor, demagnetizing at zero
power factor lagging, and magnetizing at zero power factor leading.
• V-Curves: Plots of Armature Current (Ia) vs Field Current (If). They
show how the machine behaves under varying excitation.
3. Voltage Regulation & Excitation Systems

Voltage regulation is the change in terminal voltage from no-load to full-load.

Methods to determine regulation include:

• Synchronous Impedance Method (EMF Method): Pessimistic method.

• Ampere-Turn Method (MMF Method): Optimistic method.
• ZPF Method (Potier Triangle): Most accurate method.

Excitation Systems: Required to provide DC to the rotor. Modern systems use

brushless exciters with rotating rectifiers.

4. Parallel Operation & Synchronous Motors

Parallel Operation: Requirements include same terminal voltage, same

frequency, and same phase sequence. Synchronization is checked using the
'Dark Lamp' method or a Synchroscope. Synchronous Motors: Not self-
starting. Starting methods include using a Pony Motor, Damper Windings (as
an induction motor), or Variable Frequency Starters.
Section 2: 500+ Questions, Numericals & Solutions

Q1. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q2. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q3. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a synchronous

condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q4. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What is

the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q5. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q6. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q7. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a synchronous
condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q8. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What is

the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q9. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q10. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q11. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q12. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q13. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q14. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q15. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q16. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q17. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q18. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q19. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q20. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q21. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q22. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q23. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q24. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q25. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q26. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q27. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q28. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q29. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q30. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q31. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q32. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q33. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q34. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q35. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q36. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q37. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q38. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q39. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q40. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q41. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q42. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q43. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q44. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q45. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q46. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q47. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q48. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q49. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q50. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q51. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q52. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q53. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q54. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q55. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q56. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q57. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q58. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q59. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q60. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q61. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q62. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q63. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q64. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q65. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q66. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q67. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q68. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q69. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q70. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q71. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q72. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q73. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q74. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q75. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q76. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q77. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q78. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q79. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q80. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q81. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q82. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q83. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q84. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q85. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q86. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q87. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q88. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q89. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q90. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q91. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q92. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q93. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q94. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q95. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q96. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q97. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q98. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q99. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q100. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q101. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q102. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q103. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q104. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q105. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q106. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q107. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q108. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q109. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q110. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q111. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q112. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q113. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q114. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q115. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q116. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q117. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q118. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q119. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q120. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q121. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q122. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q123. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q124. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q125. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q126. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q127. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q128. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q129. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q130. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q131. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q132. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q133. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q134. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q135. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q136. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q137. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q138. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q139. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q140. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q141. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q142. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q143. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q144. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q145. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q146. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q147. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q148. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q149. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q150. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q151. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q152. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q153. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q154. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q155. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q156. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q157. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q158. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q159. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q160. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q161. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q162. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q163. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q164. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q165. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q166. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q167. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q168. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q169. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q170. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q171. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q172. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q173. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q174. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q175. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q176. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q177. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q178. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q179. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q180. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q181. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q182. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q183. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q184. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q185. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q186. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q187. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q188. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q189. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q190. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q191. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q192. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q193. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q194. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q195. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q196. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q197. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q198. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q199. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q200. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q201. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q202. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q203. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q204. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q205. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q206. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q207. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q208. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q209. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q210. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q211. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q212. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q213. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q214. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q215. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q216. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q217. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q218. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q219. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q220. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q221. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q222. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q223. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q224. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q225. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q226. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q227. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q228. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q229. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q230. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q231. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q232. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q233. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q234. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q235. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q236. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q237. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q238. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q239. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q240. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q241. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q242. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q243. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q244. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q245. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q246. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q247. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q248. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q249. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q250. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q251. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q252. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q253. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q254. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q255. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q256. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q257. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q258. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q259. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q260. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q261. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q262. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q263. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q264. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q265. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q266. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q267. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q268. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q269. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q270. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q271. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q272. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q273. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q274. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q275. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q276. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q277. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q278. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q279. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q280. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q281. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q282. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q283. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q284. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q285. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q286. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q287. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q288. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q289. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q290. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q291. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q292. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q293. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q294. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q295. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q296. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q297. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q298. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q299. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q300. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q301. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q302. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q303. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q304. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q305. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q306. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q307. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q308. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q309. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q310. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q311. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q312. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q313. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q314. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q315. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q316. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q317. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q318. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q319. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q320. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q321. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q322. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q323. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q324. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q325. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q326. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q327. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q328. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q329. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q330. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q331. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q332. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q333. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q334. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q335. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q336. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q337. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q338. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q339. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q340. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q341. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q342. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q343. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q344. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q345. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q346. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q347. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q348. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q349. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q350. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q351. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q352. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q353. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q354. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q355. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q356. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q357. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q358. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q359. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q360. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q361. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q362. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q363. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q364. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q365. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q366. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q367. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q368. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q369. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q370. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q371. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q372. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q373. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q374. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q375. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q376. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q377. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q378. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q379. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q380. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q381. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q382. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q383. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q384. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q385. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q386. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q387. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q388. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q389. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q390. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q391. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q392. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q393. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q394. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q395. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q396. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q397. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q398. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q399. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q400. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q401. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q402. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q403. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q404. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q405. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q406. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q407. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q408. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q409. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q410. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q411. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q412. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q413. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q414. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q415. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q416. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q417. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q418. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q419. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q420. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q421. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q422. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q423. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q424. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q425. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q426. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q427. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q428. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q429. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q430. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q431. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q432. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q433. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q434. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q435. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q436. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q437. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q438. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q439. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q440. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q441. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q442. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q443. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q444. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q445. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q446. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q447. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q448. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q449. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q450. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q451. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q452. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q453. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q454. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q455. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q456. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q457. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q458. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q459. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q460. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q461. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q462. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q463. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q464. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q465. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q466. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q467. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q468. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q469. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q470. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q471. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q472. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q473. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q474. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q475. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q476. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q477. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q478. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q479. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q480. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q481. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q482. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q483. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q484. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q485. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q486. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q487. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q488. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q489. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q490. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q491. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q492. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.
Q493. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q494. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).

Q495. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a

synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q496. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Q497. For a salient pole machine, what is the relation between direct axis
reactance (Xd) and quadrature axis reactance (Xq)?
Sol: In salient pole machines, the air gap is minimum along the pole axis (d-
axis) and maximum along the inter-polar axis (q-axis). Therefore, Xd > Xq.

Q498. What does the inverted V-curve of a synchronous motor represent?

Sol: The inverted V-curve represents the relationship between Power Factor
(PF) and Field Current (If).
Q499. Under what condition does a synchronous motor act as a
synchronous condenser?
Sol: When the motor is over-excited and operating at no load, it takes a
leading current and acts as a synchronous condenser for power factor
correction.

Q500. A 3-phase, 8-pole synchronous generator is driven at 750 rpm. What

is the frequency of the generated EMF?
Sol: f = (P * N) / 120 = (8 * 750) / 120 = 50 Hz.

Professional Engineering Exam Prep - Synchronous Machines Module