Cohesive Devices Some General Reasons

• Firstly • because it is convenient

• Secondly • because it saves time
• Next • because it saves money
• Furthermore
• because it is easy to use
• Besides
• In addition • because it helps people communicate
• However better
• Because • because it improves knowledge and
• Therefore skills
• For example • because it increases confidence
• For instance • because it reduces stress
• As a result
• because it is more effective
• On the other hand
• Lastly • because it gives many benefits
• Finally • because it creates awareness
• In conclusion • because it encourages teamwork
• To sum up • because it improves productivity
• Overall • because it provides entertainment
• Although • because it helps people stay healthy
• Moreover
• because it makes life easier
• because it helps students learn faster
• because it develops creativity
• because it builds discipline
• because it motivates people
Part 1 (Short communicative message)

TIPS

1. Read the questions carefully for subject and recipient.

2. Find the content needed from the question marks in the email.
3. Always follow the format taught.
4. Always uses cohesive devices.

Example:

Read the email from your cousin, Suriani. Recipient

Hi,

I hope you are well. Response Response

I would like to get a pet, but I have no experience with this. Everyone says I must think about this
carefully, so I would like to get your advice. I prefer small pets. Should I buy a rabbit, goldfish or
hamster? First content
Second content

Or do you have any recommendations for me? Third content

Looking forward to your reply. Bye!

Suriani

In about 80 words, write an email to Suriani giving her your suggestion. Write your email below.

Subject
(Replace ‘your’ with ‘My’)
Sample Answer:

To: suriani@[Link] (must have) Recipient

Subject: My Suggestion (Capitalise Each Word)

Hi Suriani, Recipient

Don’t change Response (emotion)

How are you? I hope you are doing great. I believe you will make a great pet owner because you love
Reason
Cohesive device Point 1 (repeat the idea of the sender gave)
Point 1 (repeat the idea of the
sender)
animals. Firstly, it is a great idea to get a small pet since it is easy to care for. Furthermore, in my opinion,
Reason Cohesive device
Point 2 (choose one of the sender choices)

I think you should buy a goldfish. This is because it is cheaper. However, regarding your option, I do

Reason Cohesive device

recommend you to look into adopting a cat due to its playfulness and cuteness.
Point 3 (Give one more choice) Reason

I hope you like my suggestions. Talk soon. Bye!

Based on the subject

Yunaida (Your name)

Exercise 1
Read the email from your friend, Nanthini.

Hi,
My cousin is coming to town and I’d like to treat her to a nice meal. Should I take her to a fast
food restaurant, a night market or my favourite food stall- or perhaps something else?
Do you have a suggestion? Please write and let me know.
Nanthini

In about 80 words, write an email to Nanthini giving some advice.

Exercise 2
Read the email from your cousin, Karina.

Hello,
I’d like to do an activity that will help me learn more about the environment. Should I go on a
guided hike, go on a camping trip or join a recycling campaign- maybe some other activity?
What do you think I should do? I’d really want to hear your suggestion.
Karina

In about 80 words, write an email to Karina giving offering a suggestion.

Exercise 2
Read the email from your classmate, Zahirah.

Hi there!
I’d like to participate in an exciting outdoor sport this long school holiday. I know that you’ve
participates in many sports so I need your advice. What should I do- join leisure centre, start
exercising to make sure I’m fit or do some research about the sport? I’m confused. Please write
soon and let me know!
Zahirah

In about 80 words, write an email to Zahirah giving some suggestions.

Part 2 (Note Expansion)

Tips

Example:

In your English class, you have been learning about water pollution.
In about 120 words, write an essay about the cause of water pollution from what you have learnt in
class.
You may use the notes below to help you.

Introduction:

(Topic) is meaning . There are many (question) such as (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4)
and (B5).

Content: Choose one

(Cohesive device), the (question) is (B1). This is because (B1) causes/leads to/due to
cause/effect. For example, example from reason .

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the (question) are (B1, B2, B3, B4) and (B5). Due to this, we should positive
\hope .
Sample Answer:

Water pollution is the contamination of water that makes it dirty and unsafe for living things. There
are many causes of water pollution such as deforestation, pesticides, dumping of rubbish, oil spills and
toxic waste.

Firstly, the cause of water pollution is deforestation. This is because deforestation leads to soil
erosion and dirty water in rivers. For example, trees are cut down for development and farming
activities. Secondly, the cause of water pollution is pesticides. This is because pesticides contain
harmful chemicals that flow into rivers and lakes. For example, farmers use pesticides to protect crops
from insects. Furthermore, the cause of water pollution is dumping of rubbish. This is because rubbish
pollutes rivers and blocks drainage systems. For example, people throw plastic bottles and food waste
into rivers.

Besides that, the cause of water pollution is oil spills. This is because oil spills damage marine
life and pollute the sea. For example, accidents involving ships can release oil into the ocean. Lastly,
the cause of water pollution is toxic waste. This is because toxic waste contains dangerous chemicals
that harm humans and animals. For example, factories release chemical waste into rivers.

In conclusion, the causes of water pollution are deforestation, pesticides, dumping of rubbish,
oil spills and toxic waste. Due to this, we should protect the environment and keep our water clean
for future generations.
Exercise 1
You have been talking about good friends with your classmates. In about 120 words, write an
essay about the qualities of a good friend. You may use the notes below to help you.

honest

keep your
supportive
secrets
Qualities
of a good
friend

do not
respectful judge your
decisions

Write your essay

Exercise 2
You have been discussing the importance of healthy habits with your classmates. In about
120 words, write an essay about the benefits of exercising regularly. You may use the notes
below to help you.

keeps the
body
healthy

prevents reduces
diseases stress
Benefits of
excercising

increases improves
energy fitness

Write your essay