Class 12th (Physics)

Topics for Project Report

Electric Charges and Fields : Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges,
1 Abhay, Sanwariya forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field
due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform
electric field, Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem.
Electric Charges and Fields : Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and
outside). Electrostatic
2 Daksh, Tarun
Potential and Capacitance : Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric
dipole in an electrostatic field.
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance : Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.
Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel,
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a
3 Keshav, Uday capacitor. Current Electricity :
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric
current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance

Current Electricity : Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and
in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge Moving
4 Mayank, Arnav
Charges and Magnetism : Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to
current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.

Moving Charges and Magnetism : Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two
Shouryajit, parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic
5
Bhanupratap field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer- its current
sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Magnetism and Matter : Bar
magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic
dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only)
 Magnetism and Matter: Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative
treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances
6 Aaditya, Divyansh C with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.
Electromagnetic Induction : Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self
and mutual induction.

Alternating Current : Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC
7 Akshat, Divyansh S generator, Transformer. Electromagnetic Waves : Electromagnetic
waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments : Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total
internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s
8 Akshiya, Hitesh formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying
powers.

Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using
wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young's double slit
9 Ankush, Krishnapal
experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained
interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter : Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's
observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect
10 Anubhav, Anurag
Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. Atoms and Nuclei : Alpha-particle
scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom

Atoms: Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, radius of
nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra.
11 Diskhi, Mahak
Nuclei :Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per
nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.
 Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and
12 Garv, Neeraj insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor
diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.

Electric Charges and Fields : Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges,
13 Jay, Anshul forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field
due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform
electric field, Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem.
Electric Charges and Fields : Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely
long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and
outside). Electrostatic
14 Kavish, Bhakti
Potential and Capacitance : Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and
system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric
dipole in an electrostatic field.

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance : Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.
Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel,
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a
15 Kuldeep, Gourav
capacitor. Current Electricity :
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric
current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance

Current Electricity : Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and
in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge Moving
16 Labhansh, Kapil
Charges and Magnetism : Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to
current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only
qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
 Moving Charges and Magnetism : Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two
parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic
17 Laksh, Kunal field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer- its current
sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Magnetism and Matter : Bar
magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic
dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only)

Magnetism and Matter: Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative
treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances
18 Madhav, Mahi with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.
Electromagnetic Induction : Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self
and mutual induction.

Alternating Current : Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and
impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC
19 Manan, Manyata generator, Transformer. Electromagnetic Waves : Electromagnetic
waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments : Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total
internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s
20 Moksh, Naman formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying
powers.

Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using
wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young's double slit
21 Neha, Vaibhav
experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained
interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter : Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's
observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect
22 Nikhil, Eiti
Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. Atoms and Nuclei : Alpha-particle
scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom
 Atoms: Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, radius of
Pradiuman Singh, nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra.
23
Harshita Nuclei :Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per
nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and
24 Pratik, Yogita insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor
diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.
Note:
Your project report must be at least 20 pages long.
Your project file must include the following pages with information:
- Certificate
- Index
- Bibliography
- Attractive diagrams with detailed explanations

The file must be spiral bound.