Part 1: Objective Questions
1. At 80°C, the vapour pressure of pure liquid A is 520 mm Hg and that of pure liquid
Q
B is 1000 mm Hg. If a mixture of solution A and B boils at 80°C and 1 atm pressure,
what is the amount of A in the mixture? (1 atm = 760 mm Hg)
A) 50 mol %
B) 52 mol %
C) 34 mol %
D) 48 mol %
2. At 298 K, the vapour pressure of pure liquid n-butane is 1823 torr and vapour
Q
pressure of pure liquid n-pentane is 521 torr, and they form nearly an ideal solution.
What is the total vapour pressure at 298 K of a liquid solution containing 10%
n-butane and 90% n-pentane by weight?
A) 760.00 torr
B) 521.00 torr
C) 679.84 torr
D) 1823.00 torr
3. The vapour pressure of pure water at 25°C is 23.00 torr. What is the vapour
Q
pressure of 100 g of water to which 100 g of C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) has been added?
A) 21.29 torr
B) 23.00 torr
C) 18.55 torr
D) 25.10 torr
4. 4.375 g of a substance when dissolved in 36.0 g of water lowered its vapour
Q
pressure by 0.5 mm at a given temperature. The vapour pressure of water at this
temperature is 25.0 mm. Calculate the molecular weight of the solute.
A) 54.69 g mol⁻¹
B) 109.38 g mol⁻¹
C) 180.00 g mol⁻¹
D) 72.50 g mol⁻¹
5. The vapour pressure of acetone at 298 K is 40 mm of Hg. Its mole fraction in a
Q
solution with alcohol is 0.80. What is its vapour pressure in solution if the mixture
obeys Raoult's law?
A) 32 mm of Hg
B) 50 mm of Hg
C) 40 mm of Hg
D) 28 mm of Hg
6. Benzene and toluene form a nearly ideal solution. At 298 K, the vapour pressure
Q
of pure benzene is 150 torr and of pure toluene is 50 torr. Calculate the vapour
pressure of the solution containing equal weights of the two substances at this
temperature.
A) 100.0 torr
B) 150.0 torr
C) 104.1 torr
D) 81.15 torr
Q7. The vapour pressures of ethanol and methanol are 44.0 mm and 88.0 mm Hg,
respectively. An ideal solution is formed at the same temperature by mixing 60 g of
ethanol with 40 g of methanol. Calculate the total vapour pressure of the solution.
A) 65.52 mm Hg
B) 44.00 mm Hg
C) 88.00 mm Hg
D) 56.40 mm Hg
8. Two liquids A and B form an ideal solution. At 300 K, the vapour pressure of a
Q
solution containing 1 mol of A and 3 mol of B is 500 mm of Hg. At the same
temperature, if one more mole of B is added to this solution, the vapour pressure of
the solution increases by 10 mm of Hg. Determine the vapour pressures of A and B in
their pure states.
A) P°A = 400 mm, P°B = 600 mm
B) P°A = 350 mm, P°B = 550 mm
C) P°A = 550 mm, P°B = 350 mm
D) P°A = 600 mm, P°B = 400 mm
9. If the mole fraction of component A in the vapour phase is χ₁ and that of
Q
component A in the liquid mixture is χ₂, then what is the total vapour pressure of the
liquid mixture? (P°A = vapour pressure of pure A; P°B = vapour pressure of pure B)
A) P°A (χ₂ / χ₁)
B) P°A (χ₁ / χ₂)
C) P°B (χ₁ / χ₂)
D) P°B (χ₂ / χ₁)
10. Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K, the vapour pressures of the
Q
two liquids are 105.0 kPa and 46.0 kPa, respectively. What will be the vapour pressure
of the mixture of 25 g of heptane and 35 g of octane?
A) 72.55 kPa
B) 105.0 kPa
C) 46.0 kPa
D) 85.50 kPa
11. Assuming ideal behaviour, calculate the pressure of a 1.0 molal solution of a
Q
non-volatile molecular solute in water at 50°C. The vapour pressure of water at 50°C is
0.222 atm.
A) 0.222 atm
B) 0.218 atm
C) 0.210 atm
D) 0.200 atm
12. At a certain temperature, the vapour pressure of pure ether is 640 mm and that of
Q
pure acetone is 280 mm. Calculate the mole fraction of each component in the vapour
state if the mole fraction of ether in the solution is 0.50.
A) χA(vapour) = 0.6956, χB(vapour) = 0.304
B) χA(vapour) = 0.500, χB(vapour) = 0.500
C) χA(vapour) = 0.304, χB(vapour) = 0.6956
D) χA(vapour) = 0.800, χB(vapour) = 0.200
13. The vapour pressure of methyl alcohol at 298 K is 0.158 bar. The vapour
Q
pressure of this liquid in solution with liquid B is 0.095 bar. Calculate the mole fraction
of methyl alcohol in the solution if the mixture obeys Raoult's law.
A) 0.801
B) 0.450
C) 0.601
D) 0.399
14. 100 g of water contains 1.0 g urea and 2.0 g sucrose at 298 K. The vapour
Q
pressure of water at 298 K is 0.3 atm. Calculate the vapour pressure of the solution.
(Molecular weight of urea = 60; Molecular weight of sucrose = 342)
A) 0.30 atm
B) 0.29 atm
C) 0.25 atm
D) 0.20 atm
15. At 20°C, the vapour pressure of pure liquid A is 22 mm Hg and that of pure liquid
Q
B is 75 mm Hg. What is the composition of the solution of these two components that
has a vapour pressure of 48.5 mm Hg at this temperature?
A) χA = 0.4, χB = 0.6
B) χA = 0.6, χB = 0.4
C) χA = 0.5, χB = 0.5
D) χA = 0.3, χB = 0.7
16. An aqueous solution containing 28% by weight of a liquid A (molecular mass =
Q
140) has a vapour pressure of 0.200 bar at 37°C. Calculate the vapour pressure of pure
liquid A (vapour pressure of water at 37°C = 0.100 bar).
A) 2.18 bar
B) 1.50 bar
C) 0.20 bar
D) 3.14 bar
17. Two liquids A and B have vapour pressures of 0.600 bar and 0.2 bar, respectively.
Q
In an ideal solution of the two, calculate the mole fraction of A at which the two liquids
have equal partial pressures.
A) 0.50
B) 0.33
C) 0.67
D) 0.25
Q18. Two liquids A and B have vapour pressures in the ratio of P°A : P°B = 1 : 2 at a
certain temperature. Suppose we have an ideal solution of A and B in the mole
fraction ratio A : B = 1 : 2. What would be the mole fraction of A in the vapour in
equilibrium with the solution at a given temperature?
A) 0.25
B) 0.20
C) 0.50
D) 0.33
19. A certain ideal solution of two liquids A and B has a mole fraction of 0.3 and 0.5
Q
for A in the vapour phase and liquid phase, respectively. What would be the mole
fraction of B in the vapour phase when the mole fraction of A in the liquid is 0.25?
A) 0.875
B) 0.125
C) 0.750
D) 0.500
20. A solution of two volatile liquids X and Y obeys Raoult's law. At a certain
Q
temperature, it is found that the total pressure above a given solution is 400 mm of
Hg. The mole fraction of X in the vapour is 0.45 and in the liquid is 0.65. What are the
vapour pressures of the two pure liquids at the given temperature?
A) P°X = 180.0 mm, P°Y = 220.0 mm
B) P°X = 276.9 mm, P°Y = 628.6 mm
C) P°X = 628.6 mm, P°Y = 276.9 mm
D) P°X = 400.0 mm, P°Y = 600.0 mm
21. Liquids X and Y form an ideal solution. The vapour pressures of X and Y at 100°C
Q
are 300 mm Hg and 100 mm Hg, respectively. Suppose that a solution composed of 1
mol of X and 1 mol of Y at 100°C is vaporized, collected, and condensed. This
condensate is then heated at 100°C and the vapour is again condensed to form a
liquid A. What is the mole fraction of X in liquid A?
A) 0.50
B) 0.75
C) 0.90
D) 0.25
22. A liquid mixture of benzene and toluene is composed of 1 mol of benzene and 1
Q
mol of toluene. If the pressure over the mixture at 300 K is reduced, at what pressure
does the first trace of vapour form? (Given P°_benzene = 32.05 mm Hg, P°_toluene =
103 mm Hg)
A) 67.52 mm Hg
B) 103.0 mm Hg
C) 32.05 mm Hg
D) 49.01 mm Hg
23. If 10.0 g of ethylene bromide (C₂H₄Br₂) is dissolved in 80.0 g of
Q
1,2-dibromopropane (C₃H₆Br₂), calculate the total pressure of the solution at 85°C.
(Given P°_ethylene bromide = 173 torr, P°_1,2-dibromopropane = 127 torr; Atomic
mass: C=12, H=1, Br=80)
A) 112.0 torr
B) 20.4 torr
C) 150.0 torr
D) 132.4 torr
24. What is the mole fraction of benzene in the vapour phase which is in equilibrium
Q
at 30°C with a benzene-toluene solution having a mole fraction of benzene of 0.400?
(Given P°_benzene = 119 torr, P°_toluene = 37.0 torr)
A) 0.682
B) 0.318
C) 0.400
D) 0.600
25. Two liquids A and B form an ideal solution at temperature T. When the total
Q
vapour pressure above the solution is 600 torr, the mole fraction of A in the vapour
phase is 0.40 and in the liquid phase is 0.60. What are the vapour pressures of pure A
and pure B at temperature T?
A) P°A = 240 torr, P°B = 360 torr
B) P°A = 400 torr, P°B = 900 torr
C) P°A = 900 torr, P°B = 400 torr
D) P°A = 600 torr, P°B = 600 torr
26. The vapour pressure of chloroform (CHCl₃) and dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) at 298
Q
K is 200 mm Hg and 415 mm Hg, respectively. Calculate the vapour pressure of the
solution prepared by mixing 25.5 g of CHCl₃ and 40 g of CH₂Cl₂ at 298 K. (Molar mass
of CHCl₃ = 119.5 g mol⁻¹, CH₂Cl₂ = 85 g mol⁻¹)
A) 347.9 mm Hg
B) 285.5 mm Hg
C) 615.0 mm Hg
D) 200.5 mm Hg