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Tutorial 1

The document outlines a tutorial on numerical methods and statistics, focusing on solving equations in one variable. It includes examples of transcendental and algebraic equations, advantages and drawbacks of the bisection method, and various numerical techniques such as Bisection, Regula-Falsi, and Newton-Raphson methods with specific problems to solve. Additionally, it compares the convergence speeds of these methods for a given function.

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3 views2 pages

Tutorial 1

The document outlines a tutorial on numerical methods and statistics, focusing on solving equations in one variable. It includes examples of transcendental and algebraic equations, advantages and drawbacks of the bisection method, and various numerical techniques such as Bisection, Regula-Falsi, and Newton-Raphson methods with specific problems to solve. Additionally, it compares the convergence speeds of these methods for a given function.

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chauhan.pankit1996
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
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PP-515: Advance Numerical Methods And Statistics

Tutorial-1 (Solutions of Equations in One Variable) Autumn-2022-2023


1. Give an example of transcendental and algebraic equation?
2. Write the advantages and drawbacks of bisection method.
3. Does bisection method always converge? If yes, then why?
4. Define the order of convergence for the iterative methods. What is the order of convergence
for Regula-Falsi and Newton- Raphson method.
5. Write the merits of Newton-Raphson method.
6. Apply Bisection Method to find the solution accurate to within 10−3 for the following
equations:
i. 2𝑥 2 + 1 − 𝑒 𝑥 = 0, a root in between (2,3). (Ans. 2.843 )
ii. 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 + 12 = 0, a smaller positive root. (Ans. 0.648)
iii. 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 7 = 0, a negative root. (Ans. -2.105)
7. Apply Regula-Falsi Method to find the solution accurate to within 10−4 for the following
equations:
i. 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 1 = 0, a root in between [-3, -2]. (Ans. -2.8793 )
ii. 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0, a root in between [0, π/2]. (Ans. 0.7391 )
iii. 𝑥 − 0.8 − 0.2 sin 𝑥 = 0, a root in between [0, π/2]. (Ans. 0.9643 )
iv. 𝑥 2.2 = 69, a root in between [5,8]. (Ans. 6.8523 )
8. Find the minimum value of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2 sin 𝑥, 𝑥 > 0 which occurs for
0.5 < 𝑥 < 1.0, using Regula-Falsi method accurate to within 10−3.
9. Apply Newton –Raphson Method to find the solution accurate to within 10−3 for the
following equations:
i. 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 − 80 = 0 (Ans. 2.908)
ii. 𝑒 𝑥 tan 𝑥 = 1, a root near to 0.5. (Ans.0.531)
iii. cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 0, a root between (0,1) (Ans. 0.824)
iv. 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 0, a root near to 𝜋 (Ans. 2.7984)
10. Use Newton’s method to approximate, to within 10−4 , the value of x that produces the
point on the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 that is closest to (1, 0). (Ans. 0.5898 )
[Hint: Minimize [𝑑(𝑥)]2 ,where 𝑑(𝑥) represents the distance from (𝑥, 𝑥 2 ) to (1, 0)]
11. Find the positive root between 0 and 1 of the equation 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 to a tolerance level of 5%
using bisection method.
(Ans. x=0.5761, ∈ = 2.71%)
𝑥𝑟′ −𝑥𝑟
[Hint: Tolerance ∈ = | | × 100, where 𝑥𝑟′ is the new value of 𝑥𝑟 ]
𝑥𝑟′

[Note: Lesser the value of ∈, the better is the solution]


12. Compare the methods-bisection method, Regula-Falsi method and Newton Raphson method
for finding the roots of 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥0 = 0, 𝑥1 = 0. The exact value of root
is 0.360421703. Which method has the best speed of convergence after 2 iterations?

[Hint: Actual error calculation = Exact value of root- iterated value of root]

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