Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi
Department of Physics
PYL1001: Introduction to Electrodynamics
Semester-II, 2025-2026
Vector Analysis - II
Exercise 1.
Prove that the divergence of a curl is always zero.
Exercise 2.
Prove that the curl of a gradient is always zero.
Exercise 3.
Calculate the volume integral of the function 𝑇 = 𝑧 2 over the tetrahedron with corners at
(0,0,0), (1,0,0), (0,1,0), and (0,0,1).
Exercise 4.
Check the fundamental theorem for gradients, using 𝑇 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑧 3 , the points
𝑎 = (0, 0, 0), 𝑏 = (1, 1, 1), and the three paths given in the figure. for
• (0,0,0) ⇒ (1,0,0) ⇒ (1,1,0) ⇒ (1,1,1)
• (0,0,0) ⇒ (0,0,1) ⇒ (0,1,1) ⇒ (1,1,1)
• the parabolic path 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 ; 𝑦 = 𝑥.
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Exercise 5.
Test the divergence theorem for the function 𝑣 = (𝑥𝑦)𝒙ˆ + (2𝑦𝑧)𝒚ˆ + (3𝑧𝑥)𝒛ˆ . Take as your
volume the cube with sides of length 2.
Exercise 6.
Test Stokes’ theorem for the function 𝑣 = (𝑥𝑦)𝒙ˆ + (2𝑦𝑧)𝒚ˆ + (3𝑧𝑥)𝒛ˆ , using the triangular
shaded area of Fig.
Exercise 7.
Compute the divergence of the function
𝒗 = (𝑟 cos 𝜃)ˆ𝒓 + (𝑟 sin 𝜃)𝜽ˆ + (𝑟 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜙) 𝝓ˆ
Check the divergence theorem for this function, using as your volume the inverted hemi-
spherical bowl of radius 𝑅, resting on the xy plane and centered at the origin.
Exercise 8.
• Find the divergence of the function
𝒗 = 𝑠(2 + sin2 𝜙)ˆ𝒔 + 𝑠 sin 𝜙 cos 𝜙 𝝓ˆ + 3𝑧 𝒛ˆ
• Test the divergence theorem for this function, using the quarter-cylinder (radius 2,
height 5) shown in the figure.
• Find the curl of 𝒗.
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Exercise 9.
Let 𝑭1 = 𝑥 2 𝒛ˆ and 𝑭2 = 𝑥 𝒙ˆ + 𝑦 𝒚ˆ + 𝑧 𝒛ˆ . Calculate the divergence and curl of 𝑭1 and 𝑭2 . Which
one can be written as the gradient of a scalar? Find a scalar potential that does the job.
Which one can be written as the curl of a vector? Find a suitable vector potential.