“Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

1. INTRODUCTION
Today’s society has everyone looking for a way to create products quickly,
efficiently, and inexpensively, without jeopardizing their quality. As the development
of computers and electronic communication equipment progresses, and a variety of
technologies evolve, the effectiveness of manufacturing processes and systems has
vastly improved. The implementation of automation is a prime example of this
advancement. Automated systems essentially remove the human aspect from the
manufacturing process bringing about a number of benefits. T3he new drilling process
serves as a means of saving time and money while increasing the safety, Today the life
of man is simple and comfortable as various resources are available for each and
process that a person has to perform in his day to day life, and these resources and
equipment helps the person to perform his work inefficient and less time
consuming manner. Today the unit of asmall machine or equipment opened by screw
drivers or other screws toolswhich requires more efforts and consume a lot of time for
this problem this projectis an [Link] operation machine is a special
purpose machine tool made to open/close all the nuts, screws and boltsof a small
machine in one time and less effort. Although various methods of opening nuts are
used, but they require a lot of effort to open a single nut one by [Link] t h i s
machine am made arrangement to open/close the nuts, screws and bolt byamplifying
the [Link] main objective of work is to develop a mechanism in one
assembly,which can be made in automobiles, electronics sector, electrical. It can
be successfully used as a tool. This fabrication project also aimed as multi operational
machine which helpful as perform many operations such as drilling, grinding, cutting
etc.

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 1

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
As the development of computers and electronic communication equipment
progressed and a variety of technologies have evolved the efficiency of manufacturing
processes and systems has vastly improved. Automation involves automatic handling
between machines, and the continuous processing at those machines. Automation only
exists when a group of related operations are tied together mechanically,
electronically, or with the assistance of [Link] torque-responsive power
screw drivers which are driven by electric motors have a relatively high speed of
rotation in order to obtain a short screwing in time. Since the maximum moment of
tension for the screw to be screwed requires a determined torque, the driving power of
the screw driver must likewise be made high in accordance with the relatively high
speed of rotation, although a high torque is required for only a short time during the
tightening of the screw, unless some shock action is utilized for the purpose of
producing this peak degree. The limitation of the degree of tightening of the screw is
usually effected by means of ratchet couplings or striking mechanism. When screwing
in expansion screws, this degree of tightening must be kept constant within very
narrow, since these screws, are stressed almost to their yield point during screwing in.
Torque-responsive screwing drivers having a shock effects are useless for this purpose.
The degree of tightening achieved is greatly dependent on the number of blows
applied, which however cannot be kept constant because of the rapid succession of
blows, while in addition the power of the individual blow is variable within wide
limits because of the indeterminable reaction of work piece, screw and screwing tool
on the striking operation. In addition, the shock effect causes rapid wear on the striking
surface, which results in a considerable variation of the face of the blows and a
relatively short life of the Torque-responsive screwdrivers having striking mechanisms
are impractical

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 2

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT, AIM AND OBJECTIVES

To design and development of multipurpose mechanical machine, a structured
which is designed for the purpose of multi-operations i.e. drilling, cutting and
grinding. 1.2 problem [Link] machines perform multipurpose operation at
same time with required speed & this machine is automatic which is controlled or
operated by motor which is run with the help of current. This model of the multi
operational machine is may be used in industries and domestic operation which can
perform mechanical operation like drilling, cutting & grinding of a thin metallic as
well as wooden model or body

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 3

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 Driller: Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-
section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multipoint.
The bit is pressed against the workpiece and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of
revolutions per minute. This forces the cutting edge against the workpiece, cutting off
chips (swarf) from the hole as it is drilled.

Fig. drill bits used

3.2 Grinding Wheel: A grinding wheel is a wheel composed of an abrasive compound
and used for various grinding (abrasive cutting) and abrasive machining operations. Such
wheels are used in grinding machines. The wheels are generally made from a composite
material consisting of coarse-particle aggregate pressed and bonded together by a
cementing matrix (called the bond in grinding wheel terminology) to form a solid, circular
shape. Various profiles and cross sections are available depending on the intended usage
for the wheel.

Fig. Grinding wheel

3.3 Wood Cutter: A circular saw is a power-saw using a toothed or abrasive disc or blade
to cut different materials using a rotary motion spinning around an arbor. A hole saw and

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 4

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

ring saw also use a rotary motion but are different from a circular saw. Circular saws may
also be loosely used for the blade itself. A circular saw is a tool for cutting many materials
such as wood, masonry, plastic, or metal and may be hand-held or mounted to a machine.
In woodworking the term "circular saw" refers specifically to the hand-held type and the
table saw and chop saw are other common forms of circular saws.

Fig. Wood cutter

"Skill saw" has become a generic trademark for conventional hand-held circular saws.
Steel Cutter Cutting is the separation of a physical object, into two or more portions,
through the application of an acutely directed force. However, any sufficiently sharp
object is capable of cutting if it has a hardness sufficiently larger than the object being cut,
and if it is applied with sufficient force. Even liquids can be used to cut things when
applied with sufficient force. Concrete Cutter A concrete saw is a power tool cutting
concrete ,masonry ,brick, asphalt, tile, and other solid materials. It can be a small hand-
held cut-off saw, a big walk-behind saw or other styles, and it may be powered by
gasoline, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, or electric motors. The saw blades used on
concrete saws are often diamond saw blades to cut concrete, asphalt, stone, etc.
3.4 Different Screwdrivers :
A screwdrivers is a tool, manual or powered, for screwing and unscrewing (inserting and
removing) screws. A tym
pical simple screwdriver has a handle and a shaft, ending in a tip the user puts into the screw
head before turning the handle. The shaft is usually made of tough steel to resist bending or
twisting. The tip may be hardened to resist wear, treated with a dark tip coating for improved
visual contrast between tip and screw—or ridged or treated for additional 'grip'. Handles are

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 5

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

typically wood, metal, or plastic[1] and usually hexagonal, square, or oval in cross-section to
improve grip and prevent the tool from rolling when set down. Some manual screwdrivers
have interchangeable tips that fit into a socket on the end of the shaft and are held in
mechanically or magnetically. These often have a hollow handle that contains various types
and sizes of tips, and a reversible ratchet action that allows multiple full turns without
repositioning the tip or the user's hand.

Fig. screw driver set

3.5 WORKING PRINCIPLE
Portable driller using main part of [Link] had been connected additional component
like bevel gear and operation tools. First of all the bevel gear using to through power
transmission due to change desire direction like horizontal to vertical direction. And the
tools are fixed in both edge of the surface. But it’s easily to attached and dismantled.
Whatever we want operation did this
Design and Synthesis of Multipurpose Hand Driller Machine for Various Processesdone.
The DC power is transmitted through the bevel gear. Its act on change direction power
transmitted in function of tools like grinding, drilling and cutting.

3.2 Fabrication of the Machine

Drilling: Drilling machine can be defined as an instrument which is used to drill holes.
Drilling machine plays an important role in mechanical workshops. The purpose of this
project work is to get hold of complete information pertaining to drilling machines. A
drilling machine comes in many shapes and sizes, from small hand-held power drills to
bench mounted and finally floor-mounted models. Today the Industrial growth is purely
depends up on latest machines; therefore the subject of drilling machines is extended too

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 6

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

widely, because today wide varieties of drilling machines are designed for various
applications. The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.  The drilling
operation can also be accomplished in lathe, in which the drill is held in tail stock and the
work is held by the chuck.  The most common drill used is the twist drill.  It is the
simplest and accurate machine used in production industries.  The work piece is held
stationary i.e., clamped in position and the drill rotates to make a hole.

Cutting: A hacksaw is a fine-tooth hand saw with a blade held under tension in a frame,
used for cutting materials such as metal or plastics. Hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal
arch with a handle, usually a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a narrow disposable blade.
A screw or other mechanism is used to put the thin blade under tension. blade can be
mounted with the teeth facing toward or away from the handle, resulting in cutting action
8on either the push or pull [Link] the push stroke, the arch will flex slightly,
decreasing the tension on the blade, often resulting in an increased tendency of the blade
to buckle and crack. Cutting on the pull stroke increases the blade tension and will result
in greater control of the cut and longer blade life.

Grinding: The shaping machine is used to grind flat metal surfaces especially where a
large amount of metal has to be removed. Other machines such as milling machines are
much more expensive and are more suited to removing smaller amounts of metal, very
accurately. A shaper is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the
work piece and a single-point cutting tool to machine a linear tool path. Its cut is
analogous to that of a lathe, except that it is (archetypal) linear instead of helical. (Adding
axes of motion can yield helical tool paths, as also done in helical planning.) A shaper is
analogous to a plane, but smaller, and with the cutter riding a ram that moves above a
stationary work piece, rather than the entire work piece moving beneath the cutter. The
ram is moved back and forth typically by a crank inside the column; hydraulically
actuated shapers also exist.

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 7

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTEGES

ADVANTEGES
 Less cost
 Easy to handle
 Fast operation
 portables

DISADVANTEGES

 It is applicable for the light weight component.

 They produce less torque.
 Problem consults with the battery.

APPLICATIONS

 It is used to remove and tight the screw.

 It is used to remove and tight small screw of automobile cars
 It is used in small manufacturing processes.
 It is used in electronics components systems.
 It is used in small scale wood industries.
 It is used in electrical fields.

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 8

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

[Link] COST

Sr.
Component / Material Specification Quantity Approx. Cost (₹)
No.
12V Rechargeable
1 Battery 1 3,500
Battery
2 Starter Motor DC Starter Motor 1 2,500
Electronic Control Unit
3 Automatic Control Unit 1 4,000
(ECU)
Vehicle Speed Detection
4 Speed Sensor 1 1,200
Sensor
Electrical Wiring
5 Relay and Wiring Set 1 Set 800
Components
Push Buttons and
6 Switches and Connectors 1 Set 600
Connectors
7 LED Indicators / Display Status Display Unit 1 500
8 Mounting Structure Supporting Frame 1 1,500
Fabrication and Assembly
9 Mechanical Assembly — 2,000
Charges
Testing and Calibration
10 System Testing — 1,500
Charges
Small Components &
11 Miscellaneous Expenses — 1,000
Transport
Total Cost ₹19,100/-

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 9

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

[Link] AND FUTURE WORK

CONCLUSION

Thus the fabrication of screw Opener and tightner machine is successfully done.
This project will be practically implemented in opening small nut and it found that the
results are positive. The project is economical, and it sustains all the required feasibilities.
nut opener is a perfect tool for [Link] have presented the development of
multipurpose machine in various modes by which it can be actively adopted. We have
explained the various parts and components of multipurpose machine using scotch yoke
mechanism. Different types of attachments and tools which can be implemented on multi-
purpose machine have been discussed.

FUTURE WORK

 It can be further implemented as multi nut and bolt remover

 To further implements in battery charging in system.
 By changing its motor it can be used for opening nut of big machines.

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 10

 “Fabrication of Multi Operational Machine”

REFERENCES

[1] Different tools, Source: [Link]

[2] Dr. P.C. Sharma- A text book of production technology-1996
[3] Fasteners, Source: [Link]
[4] T. Moriwaki “Multi-functional machine tool” ,Department ofIndustrial and Systems
Engineering, Setsunan University, Neyagawa, Japan CIRP Annals - Manufacturing
Technology .
[5] Frankfurt am Main “Multi-purpose machines ensure enhanced “, 1 January 11.

Mechanical Engg. Dept., MSS’s CET, Jalna 11