SUMMARY OF MATHEMATICS TOPICS FROM PRE-PRIMARY TO GRADE 3
Numbers
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Count 1–20, recognize numerals, sort objects.
Grade 1: Count to 100, understand place value of tens and ones, compare using < > =.
Grade 2: Count to 1,000, place value of hundreds, identify odd and even numbers.
Grade 3: Work with numbers to 10,000, round off numbers, read Roman numerals I–X.
Operations
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Add and subtract with objects up to 10.
Grade 1: Add and subtract within 20, learn basic fact families.
Grade 2: Add and subtract within 100, introduced to multiplication as groups of objects.
Grade 3: Multiply and divide within 100, add and subtract 3-digit numbers.
Measurement
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Compare big/small, long/short, heavy/light using direct comparison.
Grade 1: Measure length using cm, tell time to the hour and half hour, use money in shillings.
Grade 2: Measure length, mass, and capacity with standard units, tell time to 5 minutes.
Grade 3: Find perimeter, introduce area, tell time to the minute, convert between units.
Geometry
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Name basic shapes — circle, square, triangle, rectangle.
Grade 1: Identify 2D and 3D shapes, describe sides and corners.
Grade 2: Explore symmetry, describe properties of shapes, understand turns and angles.
Grade 3: Describe angles as turns, identify right angles, recognize parallel and perpendicular lines.
Patterns
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Copy and extend AB patterns using colors or objects.
Grade 1: Work with number patterns by skip counting in 2s, 5s, 10s.
Grade 2: Create patterns with shapes and numbers, find missing terms.
Grade 3: Work with number sequences, growing patterns, and multiplication tables.
Data Handling
Pre-Primary 1 & 2: Sort objects into groups, make pictographs using real objects.
Grade 1: Read and create simple pictographs and bar graphs.
Grade 2: Collect data, use tally marks, interpret bar graphs.
Grade 3: Use pictographs with scales, draw and read bar graphs, record data in simple tables.
How the spiral works:
You start at Pre-Primary by _"counting objects to 10"_. Grade 1 pushes that to 100 and adds place
value. Grade 2 extends to 1,000 and hundreds. Grade 3 reaches 10,000 and adds rounding. Same
topic, but the thinking gets deeper each year.
That repetition builds confidence and matches Dewey and Vygotsky: learn by doing, build on what
you know, with guidance.