FALL PROTECTION PROGRAM

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

FALL PROTECTION PROGRAM

_________________________ __________________________
Prepared By: Muhammad Kashif Reviewed & Approved By:
Position: Safety Supervisor Position: Vice President
Date: 24/02/2026 Date: 24/02/2026

COPYRIGHT
No part of this Work instruction may be reproduced in any form by print, photocopy, microfilm or any other means wholly
or in part or disclosed to any person outside COMPANY LTD. without the written permission of the Management
Representative.

Feb 2026

Issued Date: 13/JUNE/2016

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Fall Protection Program

1. PURPOSE
The purpose of this procedure is to establish and define guidelines for fall protection.

2. SCOPE
The scope of this policy is applicable to all employees and Subcontractor employees.

3. RESPONSIBILITY
Site Engineers shall be responsible for the effective implementation of this procedure.

Safety Department – Safety Department shall provide guidance and advise to the proponent site management related to
this procedure. Safety Department shall be responsible for the updating of this procedure as necessary.

Employees - All employees shall be made aware of and shall observe the provisions of this procedure.

4. PROCEDURE – FALL PROTECTION

4.1 GENERAL

4.1.1 This procedure applies to operations where there is a potential risk of personnel falling. Where there is a danger to a
worker of falling, the supervisor shall ensure that:

 The worker is provided with a safety harness and a lifeline in such a fashion to prevent the worker from striking a
surface below his workplace, and;

 The fall protection devices protect the worker from receiving a serious injury due to the action of the devices

4.1.2 Safety harnesses and lifelines shall be provided, worn and properly secured in all work situations where any of the
following dangers exist:

 Falling from a height greater than 1.8 m

Such situations include, but are not limited to:

Work on any high structure, including processing plants, drilling rigs, storage tanks, etc. without a proper working
platform (i.e. a platform with handrail, knee and toe boards) whether in construction or maintenance

Work over water

4.2 FALL PREVENTION - GENERAL

4.2.1 To prevent personnel from falling onto surfaces that is at the same level:

 Fill and cover holes before work commences.

 Practice good housekeeping. Keep floors and landings free of water, grease, oil, trash, debris or other
potential slip and trip hazards.

 Use footwear with slip-resistant soles and tread patterns and ensure they are in good condition.

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 Ensure adequate lighting is provided for interior and exterior walkways, stairs and ladders.

 Clearly mark significant transitions in floor height.

 Use appropriate non-slip floor surfaces, cleaners and waxes and identify when surfaces are slippery.

 Repair any identified structural defects before the work commences.

4.3 TYPES OF FALL PREVENTION

It is important for personnel to understand the difference between a fall prevention system and fall restraint system.
The following apply to work activities where personnel working at heights.

4.3.1 Fall Prevention System

Fall protection systems are usually Passive or Active.

[Link] Passive fall protection systems include general all-purpose nets, personnel nets, and debris nets.
Nets. Nets may not save all people who fall, but they are a vital part of passive fall protection. Nets are designed to
provide protection under and around an elevated work area where fall hazards exist. The worker is not directly
involved by "wearing" fall protection equipment; rather, the net is there to catch a falling worker before she/he hits the
ground or obstructions. Two major types of nets are available, one for personnel and the other for debris.

Personnel nets. Personnel nets can be used for large work crews, such as those employed on bridge construction
or repair or on long-term structural projects. They also provide protection where large open areas or long leading
edges expose workers to height hazards (up to 25 ft below the work surface by current U.S. OSHA regulations), and
the use of other fall protection equipment is deemed impractical or not feasible for the work method. The advantage
of nets is that individual worker training is not required. Once installed, nets are always in place and ready for use.
However, other personal fall protection must be available during net installation and removal.

 Personnel nets must be manufactured and tested in accordance with ANSI A10.11-1989, Safety Nets Used During
Construction, Repair, and Demolition Operations, and in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 1926.105
requirements.

 Mesh openings may not be greater than 6 in. by 6 in. Nets meeting the above requirements must bear labels
displaying the manufacturer's name and date of manufacture, together with testing data.

 Nets should be as close to the work level as possible and no lower than 25 ft (8 in) (except with bridges where U.S.
OSHA considers the highest work level to be the lowest part of the bridge), and must extend outward 8 ft (2.4 in)
from the structure.

 Nets must be tested in the field by dropping a 400-lb sandbag from a 25-ft (8-m) height, according to ANSI A10.11-
1989, repeated at successive six-month intervals, and must not have any broken strands.

NOTE:- The net may be certified to meet these requirements by a qualified person. Nets should be moved up
regularly to avoid exceeding the 25-ft limit as a building is constructed.

Debris nets. Debris nets are designed to catch falling debris (i.e., tools, foreign objects, failing concrete and other
construction debris) and to protect workers and pedestrians below. The strength and size of the mesh must be
sufficient to catch and contain the size, weight, and impact of the objects that are likely to fall. Popular net sizes range
from 1/4- to 1/3-in. mesh. To catch large, heavy objects as well as small, light objects, he smaller mesh nets can be
used in conjunction with the larger mesh and stronger personnel nets. These net systems also can be used to catch
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personnel as well as debris. In these cases, personnel nets are deployed in conjunction with debris nets. The nets
must be kept clear of debris to help ensure a failing worker's safety.

NOTE: A means of rescuing a fallen worker must be available.

[Link] Active fall protection is made up of components and systems that require some manipulation by the workers
to make the protection effective. These systems include body harnesses, lanyards and their attachments, and
component parts such as rope-grabbing devices, lifelines, etc. Active equipment will not work by itself and must be
connected or employed by the individual to be protected. Many different kinds of passive and active fall protection
systems are available. Choosing the one best suited to a particular task requires planning, forethought, and a
thorough understanding of the systems on the market today. When falling hazards are identified and cannot be
eliminated, management must adopt some means of control to minimize the risk of personal injury. Active fall
protection systems include safety harness, fall arresters and shock absorbers, lifelines, and fall arresting systems. All
active systems begin with an anchorage point and have some connecting components to the worker.

 Anchor/anchorage points. The critical problem in all active fall protection-the anchorage point-is the position on
an independent structure to which the fall arrest device or lanyard is securely attached. Supervisors and workers
must also analyze all hazards below and to the side of the anchoring point to ensure that the worker does not strike
or swing into any obstacles should he or she fall. The U.S. OSHA requirement for an anchorage is a 5,000-lb
minimum static load strength (needed or 6 ft of free fall). The Canadian Standard Association's (CSA) Standard Z-
259.2 requires 6,000 lb. The strength, location, and design enough mobility to perform the job.

 Lanyard. A lanyard is a short flexible rope, strap, or webbing connecting the worker to the anchor. A lanyard
permits limited lateral movement on the job. Its length (and placement of the anchor) determines the amount of free
fall a worker experiences before the protective stops the fall. However, retracting lifelines require 3,000 lb.
Furthermore, OSHA has permitted a 2:1 safety factor for engineered systems.

 Harnesses. Chest, chest-waist, and full-body harnesses encompass the torso and are attached to other parts of
the fall protection system. A full-body harness distributes fall arrest force over all the enclosed body parts. Typically
made of nylon and polyester webbing straps, harnesses are the preferred worker component and are required in
some fall protection systems. By spreading the fall arrest force over the body, a harness enables the worker to fall
free further before stopping without suffering bodily injury. However, 6 ft is generally accepted as the maximum free
fall distance. In addition, the harness wearer can tolerate being suspended longer after a fall before being rescued
than can a belt wearer.

 Retracting lifeline devices. These portable, self-contained devices are fixed to an anchorage point above the work
area. They act as an automatic taut lanyard. The lifeline rope, webbing, or cable is attached directly to the worker's
body harness. The rope ex-tends out of the device as distance increases and retracts as the worker moves closer.
At the moment a fall occurs, a centrifugal locking mechanism is activated to arrest the movement, thereby reducing
the potential shock load. This device is ideal for use on sloping roofs and angular structures, because the rope is
never slack and does not interfere with the surface work. The extension limit varies from 6 ft on some devices to 300
ft on others. Unlimited lengths are possible with a counterweight variation.

 Lifelines. A horizontal lifeline is an anchoring cable rigged between two fixed anchorage points on the same level.
The line may serve as mobile fixture to attach lanyards, lifelines, or retracting lifelines. The purpose is to limit swing
injuries by providing a continuously overhead fixture point as the worker moves horizontally.

A. The important factors for non-engineered systems include: -

(1) Adequate degrees of sag;

(2) 500 lb per worker strength (where falls up to 6 ft are anticipated and where short horizontal lifelines (25 ft) are used);

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(3) Supports every 20 to 50 ft that preferably can be passed without detaching the line;

B. For engineered systems sufficient shock absorption and design strength at least twice the force calculated for the
dynamic fall of an anticipated number of workers who may use the line. Lightweight, low-stretch synthetic cables
serve as a practical alternative to steel cable.

C. Extremely careful engineering is required for all horizontal life lines. When used with retracting lifelines, the horizontal
lifeline should be arranged overhead with tow sag (approximately 10 degrees to the horizontal or less, which is also
usable with rope or synthetic cable). When used with lanyards, the line should be set at a maximum height of 78 in.
at the anchorage point and a minimum of 42 in. at the center, provided that the worker cannot travel down the
horizontal lifeline slope after a fall. Sag in the line during and after a fall should be considered to determine proper
clearance in relation to other obstacles and the ground.

 Lifeline (‘'drop line"). A drop line is a vertical lifeline which extends from an independent anchorage point and to
which a lanyard or body harness is attached using a grabbing device. The drop line should be at 5/8 in. diameter
nylon, 5/8 in. diameter poly- ester, or 5/16 in. diameter or 3/8 in. diameter steel cable with a mini- mum breaking
strength of 5,400 lb. Steel cable should be used only in spark- or heat-producing work operations, although it is
popular for use with work at extreme heights, such as chimney building and repair, or where a limit on the system
elongation is important. Ropes always must be protected from abrasive or cutting edges, which may weaken the
rope. Weather-protected nylon and polyester lifelines with neoprene jackets are available. Polypropylene ropes are
popular with utilities because of the low moisture absorption and high dielectric constant. Ultraviolet-stabilized
polypropylene 5/8 in. or 3/4 in. diameter is popular for many scaffold operations because of light weight and low cost;
however, un stabilized ropes could be hazardous after short exposures to sunlight.

 Hardware connectors. Hardware connectors consist of bolts, shackles, D-rings, snap hooks, and metal links that
connect parts of the lifeline. The U.S. OSHA regulation requires these connectors to demonstrate 4,000-lb static
tensile strength of the load-bearing portion without permanent distortion.

A. Carabiner-type snap hooks often are an alternate snap hook design that is oval shaped with an automatic twist-lock
spring gate to help eliminate the possibility of roll-out. Snap hooks should be attached to compatible hardware and
never to each other. Snap hooks must always be tested during inspection and maintenance to see if they fully close
and will do so on the anchorage point without stress to the gate.

 Fall arresters and shock absorbers. Many types of fall arresters are available in various sizes and types of
lifeline. These devices slow a worker's fall or break the fall to prevent injury. Nearly all fall arresters use friction in the
rope to disperse fall energy. Often there is a gradual delay action so the body does not experience a severe jolt or
shock when the fall is arrested.

A. If a lanyard is used as the only fall protection, a shock absorber fall arrester and a full body harness can soften the
arresting force on the body. Shock absorbers may not always be required or necessary if the anchorage point height
allows little or no free fall. These devices work by the unfolding and tearing of stretched woven webbing or stretching
fiber.

B. Medical research shows that to prevent injury to the abdomen there should be less than 2,000 lb (900 kg) force
created by the impact. Therefore, the use of harness should be limited to expected free falls of 2 ft or less. Workers
suspended by a harness (after the fall) need to be rescued quickly. The harness puts strain on the groin area when
the worker is suspended. Also, workers may fall out of the harness during or after the fall, depending on how the
harness is worn or the type of clothing on the worker.

 Fall arresting system. The purpose of a fall arresting system (FAS) is not only to stop the fall, but also to ensure
that the energy gained by the body during the fall is distributed so as to prevent the wearer from being injured.

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A. A fall arresting system is composed of an independent anchorage point, a vertical lifeline (drop line), a fall arrester, a
harness, and-optionally-a lanyard and a shock absorber, equipped with all the necessary hardware (snap-hooks, D-
rings, etc.).

B. It is usually easier to slowly arrest a fall and to prevent injury to the worker during and after the fall. Injuries generally
occur as a result of forces acting on the body at the instant a fall is stopped or through collision with obstacles.

 Rescue System. The moments following an accidental fall can be critical in preventing worker injuries. The following
discusses rescues for above-ground level and below-ground or confined spaces.

A. Above-ground level. Descent devices permanently installed or lowering an injured member of the workers quickly
and safely to ground level. Devices with no inherent speed control require the presence of a trained rescue team or
trained co-workers to supervise the rescue operation. Automatic speed-limiting descent devices reduce or eliminate
the need for trained rescue personnel; the machine itself controls the injured worker's rate of descent. Collapsible
cradles are snap-on accessories that may be used with either system. They are useful for small, cramped spaces in
crane cabs and towers, but rigid stretchers should be available for victims with broken bones or internal injuries to
prevent compounding the injury.

B. Below-ground level tanks or confined spaces. Confined spaces are those which by design have limited openings
for entry and exit. Examples of confined spaces include storage tanks, process vessels, ship compartments, pits,
silos, vats, sewers, boilers, tunnels, vaults, and pipelines. Rescue workers can be lowered into tanks or confined
space by means of lifelines to locate workers or to determine if they need assistance. If manholes and tanks are
deeper than 10 ft per platform or level, fall protection is required in addition to a means of rescue. A manual or air-
operated winch accessory is available for use with some steel cable retracting lifeline devices; the winch helps
eliminate the need for personal attention to the victim until he has been raised. Alternatively, a block and tackle or
ratchet winch can provide the lifting mechanism with limited human effort after the victim has been hooked up,
provided a lock or over speed mechanism is incorporated. An anchorage point, such as that provided by a 7 or 10 ft
tripod, should be available before work begins at the site.

[Link] Inspection

Before each use, inspect the full body harness for damage or deterioration. The harness must be inspected by a
competent person, other than the user at least annually. Record the results of the formal inspection in the inspection
maintenance log. Inspections shall include the following:

 Ensure that there is no damage to harness hardware (buckles, rings, back pad, loop keepers).
 Ensure buckles work freely.
 Inspect webbing and ensure that the material is not frayed, cut, or has broken fibres.
 Check for tears, abrasions, moulders, burns or discoloration.
 Inspect stitching. Broken stitching may be an indication that the harness has been impact loaded and must
be removed from service.
 Inspect labels. They should be present and fully legible.
 Inspect each system component or subsystem according to manufacturer’s instructions.
 Record the inspection date and results in the inspection maintenance log.
 Each harness is to be tagged with its own rig specific identification number.
 All components subjected to the impact loading forces of a free-fall must be immediately removed from use
and appropriately inspected and serviced.

[Link] Maintenance, Storage, Servicing

 Clean full body harness with water and mild soap solution. Do not use bleach or bleach solutions. Wipe off hardware
with a clean dry cloth and hang to air dry. Do not force dry with heat. Excessive build-up of dirt, mud, paint, etc., may

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prevent the full body harness from working properly, and in severe cases degrade the webbing to a point where it
weakens. It should be removed from service.
 Store full body harnesses in a cool, dry, clean environment out of direct sunlight. Avoid areas where chemical vapours
may exist. Thoroughly inspect the full body harness after extended storage.
 Additional maintenance and servicing procedures must be completed by a competent inspector. Do not attempt to
disassemble any unit.

4.3.2 Fall Restraint System

[Link] Temporary Opening Barricades

All temporary areas/ floor openings must be covered, guarded, or otherwise made inaccessible. The use of a portable
barricade system is recommended. Barrier tape and or ropes are not considered proper barriers but rather are only
warnings.

The following are guidelines to follow when barricading openings:

 The barricade must be constructed such that personnel can not easily get through it.
 The barricades must have a top rail and mid rail.
 It should be substantially constructed and adequately secured to prevent personnel from falling through it.
 The barricade should have only one entry or exit point and have some form of closure. It should be identified with
signs, flagging, etc.
 The barricade should be as close as possible to the floor opening to ensure that personnel working near the
opening are protected from potential falls.

[Link] Permanent Barriers

The perimeter of permanent elevated areas/ walkways must be guarded by a permanent barrier railing. The barriers
must consist of a top and mid rail. A toe board must also be provided. The barrier shall be substantially constructed
and adequately secured to resist side loading.

[Link] Handrails

Handrails shall be provided on both sides of stairways. A handrail is sufficient for sides of stairways consisting of
walls or bulkheads. Open sides of stairways must be provided a handrail comprised of a top and mid-rail which is
substantially constructed and adequately secured to withstand loads potentially imposed by falling persons.

[Link] Portable Ladders

General Safety Principles for Portable and Extension ladders could be summarized as follows:

 Portable ladders must be maintained in good condition and inspected for defects prior to each use.
 Portable ladders shall be constructed of nonconductive fiber glass with non slip footings.
 The combined weight of the person and load should not exceed the load limit of the ladder.
 When working from a ladder, never extend horizontally further than an arms length to reach the work.
 When ascending or descending a ladder, climbers should face the ladder and maintain a firm grip.
 Ladders should not be placed in front of a door that opens toward the ladder.
 Extension ladders should be secured at the top or held by another worker.
 Extension ladder base should be placed away from the wall by a distance of ¼ of the working length of
the ladder. (The working length is the length of the ladder from the bottom to the point where it touches
the wall)

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 Unsecured extension ladders should not be left standing unattended.
 Do not extend extension ladders beyond the manufacturer’s recommendation.

[Link] Step Ladders

When using a step ladder, you should not use the top two steps, stand on the spreader or use a step ladder as a
straight ladder. It may be necessary for someone to hold or steady the ladder when working near the top. You should
ensure that the step ladder is not damaged, no rungs are missing.

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