IMDG CODE
-The IMDG Code classifies dangerous goods into 9 classes.
-Each based on the primary risk they pose during maritime transport.
-These classes range from explosives and gases to corrosives and miscellaneous hazardous
substances, ensuring safe packaging, labeling, stowage, and segregation at sea.
IMDG Code Classification (Classes 1–9)
Class Category Examples Key Risks
Fireworks, ammunition,
Class 1 Explosives Explosion hazard
blasting caps
Propane, oxygen Flammability, toxicity, pressure
Class 2 Gases
cylinders, aerosols risk
Class 3 Flammable Liquids Paints, gasoline, alcohols Fire hazard
Matches, sulfur,
Class 4 Flammable Solids Easily ignited, self-reactive
magnesium
Oxidizing Substances & Hydrogen peroxide,
Class 5 Intensify combustion, reactive
Organic Peroxides ammonium nitrate
Pesticides, medical waste,
Class 6 Toxic & Infectious Substances Poisoning, infection
cyanides
Uranium, medical
Class 7 Radioactive Material Radiation exposure
isotopes
Severe burns, damage to ship
Class 8 Corrosives Acids, alkalis, battery fluid
structures
Miscellaneous Dangerous Lithium batteries, dry ice, Varied risks (environmental,
Class 9
Goods asbestos chemical, physical)
Why Classification Matters
Safety at Sea: Prevents accidents by ensuring proper stowage and segregation of
incompatible goods.
Legal Compliance: Required under SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) and MARPOL (Marine
Pollution Convention).
Documentation: Determines UN number, packing group, labeling, and placarding.
Environmental Protection: Reduces risk of pollution from harmful substances.
Examples
Lithium batteries (Class 9): Common in consumer electronics, require special packaging
to avoid fire risk.
Hydrogen peroxide (Class 5): Must be kept away from flammable materials due to
oxidizing properties.
Medical isotopes (Class 7): Transported under strict radiation shielding requirements.
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DANGEROUS CARGO- PACKAGED FORM
IMDG Code (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code): Governs classification,
packaging, labeling, stowage, and documentation of dangerous goods in packaged form.
-Ensures safety of crew and ship.
-Prevents marine pollution under MARPOL Annex III.
-SOLAS Chapter VII: Mandates compliance with IMDG Code for carriage of
dangerous goods in packaged form.
Important Safety Considerations
Leakage & Vapors: Spaces containing packaged dangerous goods may accumulate
flammable, toxic, or corrosive vapors. Proper ventilation and monitoring are essential.
Damaged Packages: Must be handled by trained personnel with protective equipment.
Segregation: Certain goods must be stowed separately to avoid dangerous reactions
(e.g., oxidizers vs. flammables).
Labeling & Documentation: Packages must carry hazard labels, UN numbers, and
shipping papers for identification.
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PACKING/MARKING /LABELLING OF DANGEROUS GOODS
Packing Requirements
Approved Packaging: Use UN-certified packaging
Compatibility: Packaging materials must not react with the contents.
Sealed & Secure: Containers must be leak-proof, resistant to damage, and capable of
withstanding normal transport conditions.
Inner & Outer Packaging: Often required for liquids and solids.
Packing Instructions: Follow IMDG Code for maritime transport.
Ullage must keep sufficient: To allow expansion.
Marking Requirements
- Proper Shipping Name (PSN): Clearly marked on the package.
- UN Number: Must be displayed (e.g., UN 1203 for gasoline).
- Handling Information: Orientation arrows for liquids, “OVERPACK” if multiple packages
are combined.
- Legibility & Durability: Marks must be in English, durable, and visible on contrasting
background.
Labelling Requirements
-Hazard Labels: Diamond-shaped hazard labels (e.g., Class 3 flammable liquid, Class 8
corrosive).
-Subsidiary Risks: Additional labels if goods present more than one hazard.
-Size & Placement: Minimum 100 mm x 100 mm, placed on one side of the package.
-Special Labels: “Cargo Aircraft Only” for restricted air shipments, marine pollutant
labels for sea transport.