APPENDIX A
Mix Design Calculations
ACI 211.1-22 Method | w/b = 0.40
1. Design Parameters & Input Data
1.1 Target Specifications
Parameter Value
Maximum Aggregate Size 19 mm (¾")
Target Compressive Strength (f'c) 35 MPa
Required Average Strength (f'cr) 35 + 8.5 = 43.5 MPa
w/c Ratio 0.39
Water-to-Binder Ratio (w/b) 0.40
Air Content (Vair) 2%
Slump Target 75–100 mm (3–4")
Water Content (Wwe) 170 kg/m³
2. Material Properties
2.1 Sand (Fine Aggregate) – Lab Test Results
Measurement Symbol Value (g)
Wt of Sample (total) Wt 1000 g
Oven Dry Weight A 986.9 g
SSD Weight (Pycnometer) SSD 955 g → 9 m
Pycnometer Weight Pyc 136 g
Pyc + Water + Sample – 632 g
2.1a Sand – Specific Gravity & Absorption Calculations
Given: A = 955.47 g (oven dry), B = 632 g (SSD pyc), C = 918 g (pyc + water)
Gs (Bulk SSD) = B / (B + C – A) = 632 / (632 + 918 – 955.47)
= 632 / 594.53 = Not directly; recalculate from
notebook:
Gs = 478 / (478 – 461) = 478 / 17 (from notebook calculation)
Absorption Capacity = (478 – 461) / 461 × 100 = 17/461 × 100 =
3.69%
Moisture Content = (1000 – 986.9) / 986.9 × 100 = 1.33%
FM (Fineness Modulus) = 2.83
2.2 Stone (Coarse Aggregate) – Lab Test Results
Measurement Symbol Value
Sample Size – 2750 / 990 g
Weight A (SSD) A 2827 g
Weight B (Submerged) B 2846 g
Weight C (Oven Dry) C 1760 g
Unit Weight (OD) – 1672.5 kg/m³
Fineness Modulus FM 2.9
2.2a Stone – Specific Gravity & Absorption
OD = 2827 / (2846 – 1760) = 2827 / 1086 (Bulk Specific Gravity
OD)
SSD = 2846 / (2846 – 1760) = 2846 / 1086
App = 1760 / (2846 – 1760) = 1760 / 1086
Absorption = (2846 – 2827) / 2827 = 19/2827 = 0.67%
Dry Rodded Bulk Density = 1672.5 kg/m³
Moisture Content = 537 (from test data)
3. Cement Content Calculation
w/c ratio: 0.39
Water Content: Wwe = 170 kg/m³
Cement = Water / (w/c) = 170 / 0.39 ≈ 435.9 kg/m³
4. Coarse Aggregate Content
Unit Weight (OD): 1672.5 kg/m³
FM of Fine Aggregate: FM → 2.9
Volume fraction (Vca/Vunit): 0.61
Wca (dry) = Vca × Unit Weight = 0.61 × 1672.5 = 1020 kg/m³
Moisture correction: Abs = 0.67%, MC = not given (use absorbed)
Wca (adjusted) = 1020 × (1 + 0.67/100) = 1020 × 1.0067 ≈ 1026.8
kg/m³
5. Fine Aggregate Content
Volume balance equation:
V = Vc + Vw + Vca + VFA + Vair
1 = (435.9)/(3.15×1000) + (170)/(1000) + (1020)/(1000×2.62)
+ WFA/(2.99×1000) + 0.02
1 = 0.1384 + 0.170 + 0.3893 + WFA/2990 + 0.02
WFA/2990 = 1 – 0.1384 – 0.170 – 0.3893 – 0.02 = 0.2823
WFA (dry) = 0.2823 × 2990 ≈ 702.86 kg/m³
Moisture correction: Absorption = 3.69%
WFA (adjusted) = 702.86 × (1 + 3.69/100) = 702.86 × 1.0369 ≈
726.8 kg/m³
6. Adjusted Water Content
Base Water Content: 170 kg/m³
FA moisture absorption adjustment:
Wwt = 170 – 702.86 × (3.69/100) + 120 × (0.53/100)
= 170 – 25.94 + 0.64
Wwt ≈ 201.84 kg/m³ (after absorption correction)
7. Volume of Specimens
7.1 Cube Specimens (100×100×100 mm)
V = 0.1 × 0.1 × 0.1 = 0.001 m³ per cube
7.2 Cylinder Specimens (Ø100 × 200 mm)
V = π/4 × d² × h = π/4 × (0.1)² × 0.2
= π/4 × 0.01 × 0.2 = 0.001571 m³ per cylinder
7.3 Total Volume for 4 Mix Designs × Curing Ages
C:FA:CA ratio = 435.89 : 722.285 : 1026 → 1 : 1.67 : 2.35
For 12 cubes (4 mixes × 3 cubes):
V = 24 × 4 × 4 / 12³ = 24 × 4 × 4 / 1728 = 0.0292 m³
For 12 cylinders:
V = 4 × π/4 × (6)² × 12 / 12 = 4×(π/4)×(6)²×12×(1/12)
= π/4 × (0.1)² × 0.2 × 12 ≈ 0.0188 m³
Total volume (cylinders) ≈ 0.1072 m³ → 0.12 m³
8. Final Mix Design Summary – M0 (Control)
Material kg/m³ Notes
Cement (OPC) 435.9 w/c = 0.39
Water (adjusted) 201.84 Includes absorption correction
Coarse Aggregate (SSD) 1026.8 Stone, max 19 mm
Fine Aggregate (SSD) 726.8 Sand, FM = 2.83
Glass Powder (M1) 0 → 15% of cement 65.4 kg/m³ replacement
Jute Fiber (M2) 0 → 0.125% By volume of concrete
8.1 Mix Ratios
C : FA : CA = 1 : 1.67 : 2.35 (by weight)
w/b ratio = 0.40
8.2 Modifications per Mix Design
Mix ID Cement Glass Powder Jute Fiber Description
M0 435.9 kg/m³ 0% 0% Control
M1 370.5 kg/m³ 15% (65.4 kg) 0% GP replacement
M2 435.9 kg/m³ 0% 0.125% vol JF addition
GP + JF
M3 370.5 kg/m³ 15% (65.4 kg) 0.125% vol
combined
9. Step-by-Step ACI 211.1-22 Design Procedure
Step 1: Estimated slump value → 75–100 mm (3–4")
Step 2: Nominal maximum aggregate size → 19 mm (¾")
Step 3: From ACI 211.1-22 Table 5.3.3 (slump + max agg size, air-entrained) → Water = 170 kg/m³
Step 4: Compressive strength for 28 days (air-entrained), w/c = 0.39 (Table 5.3.4)
Step 5: Total cementitious content = 170 / 0.39 = 435.9 kg/m³
Step 6: From ACI 211.1-22 Table 5.3.6, max aggregate 19 mm, FM = 2.9 → Vca/Vunit = 0.61
Bulk vol of CA = 0.61, oven dry unit wt = 1672.5 kg/m³
Wca (dry) = 0.61 × 1672.5 = 1020 kg/m³
Step 7: Volume of CA = 1092 / (2.62 × 1000) = 0.417 m³
Volume of Cement = 436 / (3.15 × 1000) = 0.138 m³
Volume of Water = 0.170 m³
Volume of Air = 0.02 m³
Step 8: VFA = 1 – 0.417 – 0.138 – 0.170 – 0.02 = 0.255 m³
WFA = 0.255 × 2990 = 702.86 kg/m³ (SSD adjusted: 726.8 kg/m³)
As we are designing for 1 m³ of concrete. Final proportions confirmed above.
* All calculations follow ACI 211.1-22 design method. Material properties determined by laboratory testing per ASTM
standards.