COLUMN DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Project Name : COMMERCIAL BUILDING

Client Name : ENGR. MALASAN
Engineer Name : John Benedick Lagasca and Prince Darhel Doctor
Design File : C:\Users\John Benedick Lagasca\Documents\STAAD\Prince
Darel Doctor\Stuctural analysis\Doctor, [Link]
Analysis File : C:\Users\John Benedick Lagasca\Documents\STAAD\Prince
Darel Doctor\Stuctural analysis\Doctor, [Link]
Analysis Last Modified : 5/23/2026 7:02:58 PM

Definitions Of Terms:
All forces in units 'kN' and 'm'
All reinforcement details like area, spacing in 'mm'
Neutral axis angle for resultant design moment is with respect to local major axis.
Ratio to account for reduction of stiffness of columns
1 βdns =
due to sustained axial loads
Moment magnification factor for frames not braced
2 δns =
against sidesway
First-order relative deflection between the top and
3 Δo =
bottom of the story due to Vu in 'kN'
4 ∑Pu = Total factored vertical load in 'kN'. (Clause [Link])
5 δu = Design displacement in 'mm'
Modification factor reflecting the reduced mechanical
6 λ =
properties Of concrete
Coefficient defining the relative contribution Of
7 ac =
concrete strength To nominal wall shear strength
Cross-sectional area of a structural member measured
8 Ach = to the outside edges of transverse reinforcement in
'sqmm'
Gross area of concrete section bounded by web
9 Acv = thickness And length of section in the direction Of
shear force considered in 'sqmm'
Effective cross-sectional area within a joint In a plane
10 Aj = parallel To plane Of reinforcement generating shear In
the joint in 'sqmm'
Area Of non-prestressed longitudinal tension
11 As =
reinforcement in 'sqmm'
Minimum area Of shear reinforcement within spacing
12 Avmin =
's' in 'sqmm'
13 B = Width of column/ wall in 'mm'
14 beff = Effective Width of column/ wall in 'mm'
Cross-sectional dimension of member core measured
15 bc1 and dc1 = to the outside edges of the transverse reinforcement
composing area Ash in 'mm'
Distance from extreme compression fiber to neutral
16 c =
axis in 'mm'
17 Cc = Clear cover to longitudinal reinforcement in 'mm'
Factor relating actual moment diagram to an
18 Cm =
equivalent uniform moment diagram
19 D = Depth / diameter of column in 'mm'
20 deff = Effective Depth / diameter of column in 'mm'
 Distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid
21 d =
of longitudinal tension reinforcement in 'mm'
Distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid
22 d' =
of longitudinal compression reinforcement,'mm'
23 Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete in 'N/sqmm'
24 EI = Flexural stiffness of compression member in 'Nsqmm'
Specified compressive strength of concrete cylinder in
25 f'c =
'N/sqmm'
26 fy = Specified yield strength of reinforcement in 'N/sqmm'
Specified yield strength fy of transverse reinforcement
27 fyt =
in 'N/sqmm'
Height of entire wall from base to top of wall segment
28 hw =
considered in 'mm'
29 Icr = Moment of Inertia of concrete crack section
30 k = Effective length factor for compression member
Length of compression member in a frame, measured
31 lc =
center-to-center of the joints in the frame in 'mm'
Moment of inertia of gross concrete section about
32 lg =
centroidal axis neglecting reinforcement in 'mm4'
33 lw = Length of entire wall in 'mm'
Un-supported length for compression member along D
34 lux =
in 'mm'
Un-supported length for compression member along B
35 luy =
in 'mm'
Moment capacity of section for a given NA angle at
36 MCap =
design Pu in 'kNm '
37 Mcr = Cracking Moment
Resultant design moment at a given load angle to local
38 MRes =
major axis in 'kNm '
Factored moment amplified for the effects of member
39 Mc = curvature used for design of compression member in
'kNm'
Factored moment modified to account for effect of
40 Mm =
axial compression in 'kNm'
Factored moment along D of column modified to
41 Mmx =
account for effect of axial compression in 'kNm'
Factored moment along D of column modified to
42 Mmy =
account for effect of axial compression in 'kNm'
43 Mur = Sqrt (Mmy^2 + Mmx^2) for circular column in 'kNm'
Factored moment acting on a section along D in 'kNm'
44 Mux =
from Analysis (Momemt About Major Axis)
Factored moment acting on a section along B in 'kNm'
45 Muy =
from Analysis (Momemt About Minor Axis)
Smaller factored end moment on a compression
46 M1 =
member in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on a compression member at the
47 M1ns = end at which M1 acts, due to loads that cause no
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on compression member at the
48 M1s = end at which M1 acts, due to loads that cause
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Smaller factored end moment on a compression
49 M1sldr =
member due to slenderness effect in 'kNm'
 Larger factored end moment on compression member
50 M2 =
in 'kNm'
Minimum value of moment M2 as per minimum
51 M2min =
eccentricity of column
Factored end moment on compression member at the
52 M2ns = end at which M2 acts, due to loads that cause no
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on compression member at the
53 M2s = end at which M2 acts, due to loads that cause
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Largest factored end moment on a compression
54 M2sldr =
member due to slenderness effect in 'kNm'
55 Mnb = Flexure Capacity for Beam
56 Mnc = Flexure Capacity for Column
Nominal Flexure strength of column at top along depth
57 Mnty =
in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at bottom along
58 Mnby =
depth in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at top along
59 Mntx =
width in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at bottom along
60 Mnbx =
width in 'kNm'
Factored axial force normal to cross section occurring
61 Nu =
simultaneously with Vu in 'kN'
62 Pc = Critical buckling load in 'kN'
Ratio of area of distributed transverse reinforcement to
63 pt =
gross concrete area perpendicular to that reinforcement
64 Pω = Ratio of As to B x d
65 Q = Stability index for storey
Radius of gyration of cross section of a compression
66 r =
member in 'mm'
67 Vc = Nominal shear strength provided by concrete in 'kN'
68 Vj = Shear Force acting at the joint in 'kN'
69 Vn = Nominal shear strength in 'kN'
70 Vn' = Nominal shear strength at joint in 'kN'
nominal shear strength provided by shear
71 Vs =
reinforcement in 'kN'
Maximum nominal shear strength provided by shear
72 Vs permissible =
reinforcement in 'kN'
Factored resultant shear force acting on the column in
73 Vur =
'kN'
74 Vus = Factored horizontal shear in a storey in 'kN'
Factored shear at section along B in 'kN' (From
75 Vux =
Analysis)
Shear induced due to column flexural capacity along
76 Vux1 =
width,'kN'
Shear due to enhanced earthquake factor along width,
77 Vux2 =
'kN'
Factored shear at section along D in 'kN' (From
78 Vuy =
Analysis)
Shear induced due to column flexural capacity along
79 Vuy1 =
depth, 'kN'
 Shear due to enhanced earthquake factor along depth,
80 Vuy2 =
'kN'
81 y = Neutral axis depth.
It is a Neutral Axis angle corresponding to load angle
82 β =
to find out MCap
Center to center spacing of transverse reinforcement
83 So =
within the length lo in 'mm'
Length, measured from joint face along axis of
84 lo = member, over which special transverse reinforcement
must be provided in 'mm'

Code References:
NSCP C101 - 2015
[Link] Element Clause / table
Minimum area of longitudinal reinforcement
1 for column : 418.7.4
Maximum area of longitudinal reinforcement
2 for column
: 418.7.4
Minimum longitudinal and transverse
3 reinforcement for wall
: [Link]
4 Minimum diameter of transverse ties : 425.7.2
5 Minimum spacing of transverse ties : 425.7.2
Maximum spacing of longitudinal and
6 transverse reinforcement for wall : [Link]
7 Applicability of boundary element : 418.10.6
Area and spacing of special confining
8 reinforcement : 418.7.5
9 Slenderness Moments : 406.2.5
Shear Strength provided by concrete for
10 : 422.5.5
column
11 Design of shear for non-ductile wall : 411.5.4
12 Design of shear for ductile wall : [Link]
13 Minimum Flexural Strength of Columns : 418.7.3
14 Shear Check at Column Joint : [Link]
15 Shear Strength of Column : 418.3.3, 418.4 & 418.6.5
16 fs,perm : [Link]
17 fc,perm : A.3.1 (ACI 318-99)
18 Wcr : Eq 1-2 ( ACI 224R-01)
Sway Calculation (Stability Index)
For Global-X Direction
Level Load Storey Gravity Relative Storey Stability Sway
Combination Height Load P Displacements Shear Index (Q) Condition
(m) (kN) (mm) (kN)
B x C / (A
A B C D
x D)
0 m to 4
12 4 8874.26 0.51 274.31 0.004 Non Sway
m
 4 m to
20 3.5 5518.56 11.72 1786.28 0.01 Non Sway
7.5 m
7.5 m to
13 3.5 2091.32 1.83 56.46 0.019 Non Sway
11 m

For Global-Y Direction

Level Load Storey Gravity Relative Storey Stability Sway
Combination Height Load P Displacements Shear Index (Q) Condition
(m) (kN) (mm) (kN)
B x C / (A
A B C D
x D)
0 m to 4
30 4 8874.26 6.85 1971.65 0.008 Non Sway
m
4 m to
29 3.5 5518.56 8.86 1567.69 0.009 Non Sway
7.5 m
7.5 m to
16 3.5 2091.32 4.96 89.42 0.033 Non Sway
11 m

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 0 m To 4 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Modification Coefficient = 3
Design Code = NSCP C101 - 2015
Grade Of Concrete (f'c) = C21 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Consider Ductile = Yes
Type of Frame = Special
Column B = 600 mm
Column D = 600 mm
Clear Cover, Cc = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ lux = 3500 mm
Clear Floor Height @ luy = 3500 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Strength Reduction Factor φ (Shear) = 0.6

Flexural Design (Analysis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 11007
Load Combination = [58] : 0.9 (LOAD 9: DL) -(LOAD 7: EQ-Z+E)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put = 261.35 kN
Muxt = 0.05 kNm
Muyt = -134.6 kNm
Vuxt = -107.77 kN
Vuyt = -0.68 kN
Pub = 293.77 kN
Muxb = -2.68 kNm
Muyb = 296.39 kNm
Vuxb = -107.77 kN
Vuyb = -0.68 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 230.83 No Beam No Beam - - 1
1900 x 400 x 1900 x 400 x
Top 230.83 187.49 187.49 1.319
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.79
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
Bottom 230.83 No Beam No Beam - - 1
3400 x 400 x 3400 x 400 x
Top 230.83 104.77 104.77 2.361
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.81
axis

Check For Stability Index

Along D
Q = 0.004
0.004< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Along B
Q = 0.008
0.008< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)
Slenderness Check
Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check along D
k = 0.79
r = 173.2 mm
Kluy /r = 15.96
M1 = 0.05 kNm
M2 = -2.68 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 34.25
15.96 < 34.25, Column not slender along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check along B
k = 0.81
r = 173.2 mm
Klux /r = 16.37
M1 = -134.6 kNm
M2 = 296.39 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 39.45
16.37 < 39.45, Column not slender along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Msldr or Mc Mdesign-final
A B C
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.05 - 0.05
Major Axis Mux (bottom) -2.68 - -2.68
Minor Axis Muy (top) -134.6 - -134.6
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 296.39 - 296.39

Where
A = Moments from analysis
B = Moment due to slenderness effect
C = Final design Moment = Maximum of (Manalysis, Maximum of (Msldr or Mc))

Final Critical Design Forces

Critical Case - Axial Load & BiAxial Bending
Pu = 293.77 kN
Mux = -2.68 kNm
Muy = 296.39 kNm

Φ Pn, Max Check

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 537.55 kN
Mux = -3.74 kNm
 Muy = 7.13 kNm
Pt Calculated = 1.02
φ Pn, Max = 4047 kN
Pu < φ Pn, Max Hence, OK

Minimum Ast Calculation

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu-max from all Combinations = 537.55 kN
Pt required for Pu-max = 0 %
Pt min (User Defined) = 1 %
Minimum Pt required = 1 %

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.02
Reinforcement Provided = 4-#20 + 12-#16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 89.48 deg
MRes = 296.4 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 407.07 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.728 < 1

Beam Capacity At Joint:

Beam Table For Shear Along B & Shear Along D
Level = 4m
Analysis Reference Number = C8
Beams at Level: Top Joint
Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Mu Top @ Top @ Bot @ Bot @
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro
cap cap D B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm)
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
90 1.06 160.59 1040.09 1131 173.5 108.37 684.61 791.7 124.54 0 173.5 0 124.54
500
400 x
0 0.83 150.39 969.16 1017.9 157.41 128.33 818.27 904.8 141.23 157.41 0 141.23 0
500
400 x
180 0.99 143.52 921.83 1017.9 157.41 141.42 907.36 1017.9 157.65 157.41 0 157.65 0
500
400 x
270 0.75 149.85 965.39 1017.9 157.41 115.83 734.28 791.7 124.54 0 157.41 0 124.54
500
Effective Moment for Column
Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 157.41 157.41 157.41 173.5
Bottom 157.65 141.23 124.54 124.54

Shear Calculation
Along D Along B
(Analysis Forces)
Lu (mm) 3500 3500
Pu Top (kN) 494.33 494.33
Mnt (kNm) 514.16 513.96
Pu Bottom (kN) 537.55 537.55
Mnb (kNm) 522.15 521.93
Vu1 (kN) 296.09 295.97
Shear from Beam Capacity at Joint
Moment Mnt (kNm) MAX((left,Bot + Right,Top), (left,Top +
Right,Bot))
315.06 298.04
Moment Mnb (kNm) MAX((Left,Top + Right,Bot), (Right,Top +
Left,Bot))
0 0
Lu (mm) 3500 3500
Vu2 (kN) 90.02 85.15
Critical Load [47] : 0.9 (LOAD 9: [52] : 0.9 (LOAD 9:
Combination DL) +(LOAD 4: EQ- DL) +(LOAD 5:
X-E) EQ+Z+E)
Nu (kN) 286.11 293.77
Mu (kNm) 278.16 296.39
Vu3 (kN) -115.56 -107.77
Vu' (kN) Minimum(Vu1, Vu2)
90.02 85.15
Design Shear, Vu (kN) Maximum(Vu', Vu3)
115.56 107.77
λ 1 1
φ 0.6 0.6
Deff (mm) 540 540
ρw (50% of As 0.006 0.006
provided)
Mm (kNm) 211.64 228.09
φVc (kN) 146.96 146.22
Check Vu < φVc Vu < φVc
Link For Shear Design Not Required Not Required

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links

Maximum Longitudinal Diameter = Dia Of Rebar

Rebar Number of bundled bar, D1 = 20
Diameter of bundled bar, D1 = 20 mm
Bundled Rebar = No
Minimum diameter of link >= 9.5 mm
Provided Link Rebar Number = 12
Provided Diameter of link = 12 mm

Criterion for spacing of normal links

Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 256 mm
48 x diameter of links = 576 mm
Min. Dimension of column = 600 mm

Spacing Criteria as per Vs &

0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff
Along D
Vs = 0 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs <=
Check 0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
d/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm

Along B
Vs = 0 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs
Check <=0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
b/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm
Provided spacing = 250 mm

Criterion for spacing of Ductile

links / Links at Beam column Joint:
fyt = 414 N/sqmm
Along D
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x B x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 507.25 sqmm/m

Along B
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x D x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
 = 507.25 sqmm/m
Criterion for spacing of Ductile
links:
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia x 6 = 96 mm
B/4 = 150 mm
So = 150 mm
Max 150 mm = 150 mm
Provided Spacing = 75 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

p er NSCP C101 - 2015
[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu = 537.55 kN
Check for Ash
0.3 x Ag x f'c = 2233.44 kN
Pu <= 0.3 x
Ag x f'c
f'c = 20.68 N/sqmm
f'c <= 70
Along D
No of bars along D = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
bc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshD1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshD2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshD (Max (AshD1, AshD2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshD Provided = 565.49 sqmm
Along B
No of bars along B = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
dc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshB1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshB2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshB (Max (AshB1, AshB2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshB Provided = 565.49 sqmm

Provided Links = #12@75 c/c

Numbers of legs provided along D = 5

Av/s provided along D = 7540 sqmm/m
Numbers of legs provided along B = 5
Av/s provided along B = 7540 sqmm/m
Hence, OK

Length of Confining Zone

Column maximum dimension = 600 mm
Clear height /6 = 583.3 mm
Min. 450 mm = 450 mm
Zone length = 600 mm

Table For Links

Note: Ductile Design of Links is Applicable Only For Boundary Elements
Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Rebar
12 --- 12 12 12
Number
Spacing 250 --- 75 250 75

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 4 m To 7.5 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Modification Coefficient = 3
Design Code = NSCP C101 - 2015
Grade Of Concrete (f'c) = C21 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Consider Ductile = Yes
Type of Frame = Special
Column B = 600 mm
Column D = 600 mm
Clear Cover, Cc = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ lux = 3000 mm
Clear Floor Height @ luy = 3000 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Strength Reduction Factor φ (Shear) = 0.6

Flexural Design (Analy sis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 21007
Load Combination = [49] : 0.9 (LOAD 9: DL) -(LOAD 2: EQ+X-E)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put = 173.47 kN
Muxt = 181.26 kNm
Muyt = -6.36 kNm
Vuxt = -4.5 kN
Vuyt = -96.16 kN
Pub = 201.83 kN
Muxb = -155.21 kNm
Muyb = 9.4 kNm
Vuxb = -4.5 kN
Vuyb = -96.16 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
1900 x 400 x 1900 x 400 x
Bottom 263.81 187.49 187.49 1.319
500 500
1900 x 400 x 1900 x 400 x
Top 263.81 187.49 187.49 1.407
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.8
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
3400 x 400 x 3400 x 400 x
Bottom 263.81 104.77 104.77 2.361
500 500
3400 x 400 x 3400 x 400 x
Top 263.81 104.77 104.77 2.518
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.86
axis

Check For Stability Index

Along D
Q = 0.01
0.01< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Along B
Q = 0.009
0.009< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Slenderness Check
Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check along D
k = 0.8
r = 173.2 mm
Kluy /r = 13.86
M1 = -155.21 kNm
M2 = 181.26 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 40
13.86 < 40, Column not slender along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check along B
k = 0.86
r = 173.2 mm
Klux /r = 14.9
M1 = -6.36 kNm
M2 = 9.4 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 40
14.9 < 40, Column not slender along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Msldr or Mc Mdesign-final
A B C
Major Axis Mux (top) 181.26 - 181.26
Major Axis Mux (bottom) -155.21 - -155.21
Minor Axis Muy (top) -6.36 - -6.36
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 9.4 - 9.4

Where
A = Moments from analysis
B = Moment due to slenderness effect
C = Final design Moment = Maximum of (Manalysis, Maximum of (Msldr or Mc))

Final Critical Design Forces

Critical Case - Axial Load & BiAxial Bending
Pu = 173.47 kN
Mux = 181.26 kNm
Muy = -6.36 kNm

Φ Pn, Max Check

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 349.25 kN
Mux = -4.81 kNm
Muy = 6.02 kNm
Pt Calculated = 1.02
 φ Pn, Max = 4047 kN
Pu < φ Pn, Max Hence, OK

Minimum Ast Calculation

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu-max from all Combinations = 349.25 kN
Pt required for Pu-max = 0 %
Pt min (User Defined) = 1 %
Minimum Pt required = 1 %

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.02
Reinforcement Provided = 4-#20 + 12-#16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 2.01 deg
MRes = 181.37 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 380.96 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.476 < 1

Beam Capacity At Joint:

Beam Table For Shear Along B & Shear Along D
Level = 7.5 m
Analysis Reference Number = C8
Beams at Level: Top Joint
Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Mu Top @ Top @ Bot @ Bot @
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro
cap cap D B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm)
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
90 0.64 138.05 884.37 904.8 141.04 82.65 601.93 791.7 124.54 0 141.04 0 124.54
500
400 x
0 0.81 121.95 775.23 791.7 124.39 88.16 601.93 791.7 124.54 124.39 0 124.54 0
500
400 x
180 1.03 107.2 676.82 791.7 124.39 93.33 601.93 791.7 124.54 124.39 0 124.54 0
500
400 x
270 0.4 122.11 776.32 791.7 124.39 91.91 601.93 791.7 124.54 0 124.39 0 124.54
500

Effective Moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
 Left Right Left Right
Top 124.39 124.39 124.39 141.04
Bottom 124.54 124.54 124.54 124.54

Beams at Level: Bottom Joint

Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Mu Top @ Top @ Bot @ Bot @
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro
cap cap D B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm)
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
90 1.06 160.59 1040.09 1131 173.5 108.37 684.61 791.7 124.54 0 173.5 0 124.54
500
400 x
0 0.83 150.39 969.16 1017.9 157.41 128.33 818.27 904.8 141.23 157.41 0 141.23 0
500
400 x
180 0.99 143.52 921.83 1017.9 157.41 141.42 907.36 1017.9 157.65 157.41 0 157.65 0
500
400 x
270 0.75 149.85 965.39 1017.9 157.41 115.83 734.28 791.7 124.54 0 157.41 0 124.54
500

Effective Moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 157.41 157.41 157.41 173.5
Bottom 157.65 141.23 124.54 124.54

Shear Calculation
Along D Along B
(Analysis Forces)
Lu (mm) 3000 3000
Pu Top (kN) 311.43 311.43
Mnt (kNm) 480.31 480.24
Pu Bottom (kN) 349.25 349.25
Mnb (kNm) 487.31 487.21
Vu1 (kN) 322.54 322.48
Shear from Beam Capacity at Joint
Moment Mnt (kNm) MAX((left,Bot + Right,Top), (left,Top +
Right,Bot))
248.93 265.58
Moment Mnb (kNm) MAX((Left,Top + Right,Bot), (Right,Top +
Left,Bot))
315.06 298.04
Lu (mm) 3000 3000
Vu2 (kN) 188 187.87
Critical Load [47] : 0.9 (LOAD 9: [52] : 0.9 (LOAD 9:
Combination DL) +(LOAD 4: EQ- DL) +(LOAD 5:
X-E) EQ+Z+E)
Nu (kN) 173.47 171.03
Mu (kNm) 181.26 169.58
Vu3 (kN) -96.16 -88.12
Vu' (kN) Minimum(Vu1, Vu2)
188 187.87
Design Shear, Vu (kN) Maximum(Vu', Vu3)
188 187.87
λ 1 1
φ 0.6 0.6
Deff (mm) 540 540
ρw (50% of As 0.006 0.006
provided)
Mm (kNm) 140.93 129.82
φVc (kN) 154.93 156.07
Check Vu > φVc Vu > φVc
Link For Shear Design Required Required
Shear Links Design
Vs (kN) (Vu - φVc) / φVc
55.12 53
Vs Permissible (kN) 0.66 x sqrt(f'c) x b x deff
972.44 972.44
Vs Permissible Check Vs < Vs permissible; Vs < Vs permissible;
Hence, OK Hence, OK
Check for Minimum
Shear Reinforcement
0.5 x φVc (kN) 77.46 78.04
Minimum Shear Vu > 0.5 x φVc; Vu > 0.5 x φVc;
Reinforcement Check Hence, Minimum Hence , Minimum
Shear reinforcement Shear reinforcement
required required
Av/s minimum 507.25 507.25
(sqmm/m)
Av/s shear (sqmm/m) 246.55 237.09
Av/s required max (Av/s minimum , Av/s shear)
(sqmm/m)
507.25 507.25
Link Rebar Number 12 12
Diameter of link (mm) 12 12
Numbers of legs 5 5
provided
Spacing of Link 250 250
Provided (mm)
Av/s provided 2262 2262
(sqmm/m )
Av/s provided check Av/s required < Av/s Av/s required < Av/s
provided; Hence, OK provided; Hence, OK

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links

Maximum Longitudinal Diameter = Dia Of Rebar

Rebar Number of bundled bar, D1 = 20
Diameter of bundled bar, D1 = 20 mm
Bundled Rebar = No
Minimum diameter of link >= 9.5 mm
Provided Link Rebar Number = 12
Provided Diameter of link = 12 mm

Criterion for spacing of normal links

Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 256 mm
48 x diameter of links = 576 mm
Min. Dimension of column = 600 mm

Spacing Criteria as per Vs &

0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff
Along D
Vs = 55.12 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs <=
Check 0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
d/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm

Along B
Vs = 53 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs
Check <=0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
b/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm
Provided spacing = 250 mm

Criterion for spacing of Ductile

links / Links at Beam column Joint:
fyt = 414 N/sqmm
Along D
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x B x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 507.25 sqmm/m

Along B
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x D x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Criterion for spacing of Ductile
links:
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia x 6 = 96 mm
B/4 = 150 mm
So = 150 mm
Max 150 mm = 150 mm
Provided Spacing = 75 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

p er NSCP C101 - 2015
[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu = 349.25 kN
Check for Ash
0.3 x Ag x f'c = 2233.44 kN
Pu <= 0.3 x
Ag x f'c
f'c = 20.68 N/sqmm
f'c <= 70
Along D
No of bars along D = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
bc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshD1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshD2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshD (Max (AshD1, AshD2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshD Provided = 565.49 sqmm
Along B
No of bars along B = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
dc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshB1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshB2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshB (Max (AshB1, AshB2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshB Provided = 565.49 sqmm

Provided Links = #12@75 c/c

Numbers of legs provided along D = 5

Av/s provided along D = 7540 sqmm/m
Numbers of legs provided along B = 5
Av/s provided along B = 7540 sqmm/m
Hence, OK

Length of Confining Zone

Column maximum dimension = 600 mm
Clear height /6 = 500 mm
Min. 450 mm = 450 mm
Zone length = 600 mm

Table For Links

Note: Ductile Design of Links is Applicable Only For Boundary Elements
Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Rebar
12 --- 12 12 12
Number
Spacing 250 --- 75 250 75

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 7.5 m To 11 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Modification Coefficient = 3
Design Code = NSCP C101 - 2015
Grade Of Concrete (f'c) = C21 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fy414 N/sqmm
Consider Ductile = Yes
Type of Frame = Special
Column B = 600 mm
Column D = 600 mm
Clear Cover, Cc = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ lux = 3000 mm
Clear Floor Height @ luy = 3000 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Strength Reduction Factor φ (Shear) = 0.6

Flexural Design (Analy sis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 31007
[28] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +(LOAD 10: LL) +(LOAD
Load Combination =
5: EQ+Z+E)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put = 89.91 kN
Muxt = 3.22 kNm
Muyt = -125.29 kNm
Vuxt = -53.04 kN
Vuyt = -2.19 kN
Pub = 127.72 kN
Muxb = -4.42 kNm
Muyb = 60.29 kNm
Vuxb = -53.04 kN
Vuyb = -2.19 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
1900 x 400 x 1900 x 400 x
Bottom 263.81 187.49 187.49 1.407
500 500
1900 x 400 x 1900 x 400 x
Top 263.81 187.49 187.49 0.704
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.77
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Joint Column Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness ψ
Stiffness Beam 1 Beam 2 Beam 1 Beam 2
(Length x (Length x
Width x Width x
Depth) Depth)
N-m x 10^6 mm mm N-m x 10^6 N-m x 10^6
3400 x 400 x 3400 x 400 x
Bottom 263.81 104.77 104.77 2.518
500 500
3400 x 400 x 3400 x 400 x
Top 263.81 104.77 104.77 1.259
500 500
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.83
axis

Check For Stability Index

Along D
Q = 0.019
0.019< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Along B
Q = 0.033
0.033< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Slenderness Check
Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check along D
k = 0.77
r = 173.2 mm
Kluy /r = 13.34
M1 = 3.22 kNm
M2 = -4.42 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 40
13.34 < 40, Column not slender along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check along B
k = 0.83
r = 173.2 mm
Klux /r = 14.38
M1 = 60.29 kNm
M2 = -125.29 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 39.77
14.38 < 39.77, Column not slender along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Msldr or Mc Mdesign-final
A B C
Major Axis Mux (top) 3.22 - 3.22
Major Axis Mux (bottom) -4.42 - -4.42
Minor Axis Muy (top) -125.29 - -125.29
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 60.29 - 60.29

Where
A = Moments from analysis
B = Moment due to slenderness effect
C = Final design Moment = Maximum of (Manalysis, Maximum of (Msldr or Mc))

Final Critical Design Forces

Critical Case - Axial Load & BiAxial Bending
Pu = 89.91 kN
Mux = 3.22 kNm
Muy = -125.29 kNm

Φ Pn, Max Check

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 135.88 kN
Mux = -4.6 kNm
Muy = 7.56 kNm
Pt Calculated = 1.02
 φ Pn, Max = 4047 kN
Pu < φ Pn, Max Hence, OK

Minimum Ast Calculation

[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu-max from all Combinations = 135.88 kN
Pt required for Pu-max = 0 %
Pt min (User Defined) = 1 %
Minimum Pt required = 1 %

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.02
Reinforcement Provided = 4-#20 + 12-#16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 88.53 deg
MRes = 125.33 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 363.17 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.345 < 1

Beam Capacity At Joint:

Beam Table For Shear Along B & Shear Along D
Level = 11 m
Analysis Reference Number = C8
Beams at Level: Top Joint
Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Mu Top Top @ Bot @ Bot @
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro
cap cap @ D B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm)
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
90 0.13 86.22 601.93 791.7 124.39 38.51 469.25 565.5 90.33 0 124.39 0 90.33
500
400 x
0 1.36 62.22 512.17 565.5 90.26 36.76 469.25 565.5 90.33 90.26 0 90.33 0
500
400 x
180 0.59 40.79 469.25 565.5 90.26 44.1 469.25 565.5 90.33 90.26 0 90.33 0
500
400 x
270 0.1 67.13 553.7 565.5 90.26 49.46 469.25 565.5 90.33 0 90.26 0 90.33
500

Effective Moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
 Left Right Left Right
Top 90.26 90.26 90.26 124.39
Bottom 90.33 90.33 90.33 90.33

Beams at Level: Bottom Joint

Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Mu Top @ Top @ Bot @ Bot @
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro
cap cap D B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm)
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
90 0.64 138.05 884.37 904.8 141.04 82.65 601.93 791.7 124.54 0 141.04 0 124.54
500
400 x
0 0.81 121.95 775.23 791.7 124.39 88.16 601.93 791.7 124.54 124.39 0 124.54 0
500
400 x
180 1.03 107.2 676.82 791.7 124.39 93.33 601.93 791.7 124.54 124.39 0 124.54 0
500
400 x
270 0.4 122.11 776.32 791.7 124.39 91.91 601.93 791.7 124.54 0 124.39 0 124.54
500

Effective Moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 124.39 124.39 124.39 141.04
Bottom 124.54 124.54 124.54 124.54

Shear Calculation
Along D Along B
(Analysis Forces)
Lu (mm) 3000 3000
Pu Top (kN) 98.07 98.07
Mnt (kNm) 438.84 438.84
Pu Bottom (kN) 135.88 135.88
Mnb (kNm) 446.5 446.5
Vu1 (kN) 295.11 295.11
Shear from Beam Capacity at Joint
Moment Mnt (kNm) MAX((left,Bot + Right,Top), (left,Top +
Right,Bot))
180.59 214.72
Moment Mnb (kNm) MAX((Left,Top + Right,Bot), (Right,Top
+ Left,Bot))
248.93 265.58
Lu (mm) 3000 3000
Vu2 (kN) 143.17 160.1
Critical Load [23] : 1.2 (LOAD [34] : 1.2 (LOAD 9:
Combination 9: DL) +(LOAD DL) +(LOAD 10: LL)
10: LL) +(LOAD -(LOAD 7: EQ-Z+E)
4: EQ-X-E)
Nu (kN) 92.64 89.91
Mu (kNm) 110.78 125.29
Vu3 (kN) -52 -53.04
Vu' (kN) Minimum(Vu1, Vu2)
143.17 160.1
Design Shear, Vu (kN) Maximum(Vu', Vu3)
143.17 160.1
λ 1 1
φ 0.6 0.6
Deff (mm) 540 540
ρw (50% of As 0.006 0.006
provided)
Mm (kNm) 89.24 104.38
φVc (kN) 157.66 156.95
Check Vu < φVc Vu > φVc
Link For Shear Design Not Required Required
Shear Links Design
Vs (kN) (Vu - φVc) / φVc
- 5.26
Vs Permissible (kN) 0.66 x sqrt(f'c) x b x deff
- 972.44
Vs Permissible Check - Vs < Vs permissible;
Hence, OK
Check for Minimum -
Shear Reinforcement
0.5 x φVc (kN) - 78.47
Minimum Shear - Vu > 0.5 x φVc; Hence
Reinforcement Check , Minimum Shear
reinforcement required
Av/s minimum - 507.25
(sqmm/m)
Av/s shear (sqmm/m) - 23.53
Av/s required (sqmm/m) max (Av/s minimum , Av/s shear)
- 507.25
Link Rebar Number - 12
Diameter of link (mm) - 12
Numbers of legs - 5
provided
Spacing of Link - 250
Provided (mm)
Av/s provided (sqmm/m - 2262
)
Av/s provided check - Av/s required < Av/s
provided; Hence, OK

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links

Maximum Longitudinal Diameter = Dia Of Rebar

Rebar Number of bundled bar, D1 = 20
Diameter of bundled bar, D1 = 20 mm
Bundled Rebar = No
Minimum diameter of link >= 9.5 mm
Provided Link Rebar Number = 12
Provided Diameter of link = 12 mm

Criterion for spacing of normal links

Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 256 mm
48 x diameter of links = 576 mm
Min. Dimension of column = 600 mm

Spacing Criteria as per Vs &

0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff
Along D
Vs = 0 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs <=
Check 0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
d/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm

Along B
Vs = 5.26 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 486.22 kN
Vs
Check <=0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
b/2 = 270 mm
600 = 600 mm
Provided spacing = 250 mm

Criterion for spacing of Ductile

links / Links at Beam column Joint:
fyt = 414 N/sqmm
Along D
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x B x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 507.25 sqmm/m

Along B
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x D x 1000 / fyt
= 408.62 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 507.25 sqmm/m
Criterion for spacing of Ductile
links:
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia x 6 = 96 mm
B/4 = 150 mm
So = 150 mm
Max 150 mm = 150 mm
Provided Spacing = 75 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

p er NSCP C101 - 2015
[2] : 1.2 (LOAD 9: DL) +1.6 (LOAD
Load Combination =
10: LL)
Pu = 135.88 kN
Check for Ash
0.3 x Ag x f'c = 2233.44 kN
Pu <= 0.3 x
Ag x f'c
f'c = 20.68 N/sqmm
f'c <= 70
Along D
No of bars along D = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
bc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshD1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshD2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshD (Max (AshD1, AshD2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshD Provided = 565.49 sqmm
Along B
No of bars along B = 5
S1 = 75 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
dc1 = 524 mm
Ach = 274576 sqmm
AshB1 = 183.22 sqmm
AshB2 = 176.68 sqmm
AshB (Max (AshB1, AshB2)) = 183.22 sqmm
AshB Provided = 565.49 sqmm

Provided Links = #12@75 c/c

Numbers of legs provided along D = 5

Av/s provided along D = 7540 sqmm/m
Numbers of legs provided along B = 5
Av/s provided along B = 7540 sqmm/m
Hence, OK

Length of Confining Zone

Column maximum dimension = 600 mm
Clear height /6 = 500 mm
Min. 450 mm = 450 mm
Zone length = 600 mm

Table For Links

Note: Ductile Design of Links is Applicable Only For Boundary Elements
Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Rebar
12 --- 12 12 12
Number
Spacing 250 --- 75 250 75