Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
me/Upsc_Zone_Official
INDIAN ART AND CULTURE
TOPICS COVERED TILL NOW
1. Architecture in Ancient Period
2. Sculpture in Ancient India
3. Harappan Civilization
4. Vedic civilization
5. Jainism
6. TN Class 6 – Art and Culture
For Text files – [Link]
Please Subscribe and Share : [Link]/c/tejucs357
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAINISM
Desire of vaishyas to
Division of society
improve social
into 4 varnas
position
Reaction of
New
kshatriyas Reaction of
agricultural
to brahmins commoners
economy
supremacy
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Teachings of
mystery 24
tritankaras
origin
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Personal details of Real – Vardhamana
Mahavira
Titles- Mahavira,Jina, Birth540BC-
Jitendrita, Nigrantha kundaligrama
Wife – Yasoda
Mother- Trisala
Daughter – Annoja
Father - Siddhartha
Son-in-law - Jamali
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
•Rigveda – Rishaba and Arishtanemi
•Vishnu purana and Bhagavat purana – Rishabha as
incarnation of Narayana
1st trithankara – Rishabha – Bull
23rd trithankara – Parshvanatha – Serpent
24th trithankara – Vardhaman Mahavira - Lion
Parsvanatha:
o23rd trithankara
oAbandoned the throne @ 30
oAscetic
oEnlighted after 84 days of penance
oDied @ 100yrs at sammet sikhar, Hazaribagh,
Jharkhand
5 instruments of knowledge:
1. Matijnana – perception through activity of sense organs
2. Avadhi jnana – clairvoyant perception
3. Sitruta jnana – knowledge from scriptures
4. Manahparyaya jnana – telepathic knowledge
5. Keval jnana – omniscience or temporal knowledge
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
TEACHINGS OF MAHAVIRA
Philosophy of jainism associated with reality
Soul is in bondage due to assimilation and influx of “karma”
5 vows – Householder
1. Non-injury
2. Non- stealing
3. Non- adultery
4. Speaking the truth and non-possession
5. Observing continence (Brahmacharya)
Feed cooked food to the needy everyday
Lay worshipper should not take to agriculture – destruction of plants and animals
Imp aspect of philosophy of jainism – Sallekhana (concept of voluntary death)
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Train himself not
to be affected by
objects of senses
Walk only
Abandon all
during day- no
wordly
killing or
possession
injuring
Code of
conduct
for monks
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
DOCTRINE OF KAIVALYA
Renunciation &
monastic life
Triratnas
Non-
violence
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
PHILOSOPHY OF JAINISM
Anekantvada
Syadvada
Saptavanginayaya
Nyayavada
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Devotees classification in Descending order
Trithankara - Salvation
Arihant - Nirvana
Acharya – head of ascetic group
Upadhaya – Teacher saint
Sadhu - rest
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAINA COUNCILS
• Pataliputra @ Sthulabahu
• 12 angas replaced lost 14 purvas
First • Accepted by Swetambaras
• Vallabhi @ Devaradhi Kshamasramana
• Collect sacred texts and write them
Second systematically
• Compilation of 12 angas and 12 upangas
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
SECTS OF JAINISM
Digambaras Swethambaras
After death of Mahavira – severe famine led to great exodus of Jain
Monk from ganga valley to deccan
Migration led to great Schism
•Digambaras – followers of Bhadrabahu @ south
>> retention of rule of nudity
•Swetambaras – Sthulabadra @ north >> wear white garments
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Spread of Jainism
Spread to kailnga in 4th century BC
Kharavela patronised in 1st century AD
Period between Mauryas and Guptas >> Orissa in the east to Mathura in west
Later concentrated in 2 regions
1. Gujarat and Rajasthan – Svetambara sects
2. Mysore – Digambaras
3. Original home of Jainism – Ganga valley > little following
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Decline of Jainism
Took the concept of ahimsa too far
Advised one should not take medicine when one fell sick
Believed life in trees and vegetables >> no harming them
Did not reach common man >> extreme penance and austerity
No patronage from kings
Did not spread their religion
Royal patrons:
• South India – kadamb and ganga dynasty , Amogavarsha, Siddhraj jai singh,
kumarapala
•North India – Bimbisara, Ajathasatru, Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara, Kharavela
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAIN’S ARCHITECTURE - CAVES
Hathigumpha cave
Baghagumpha cave
Udayagiri and Khandagiri cave
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAIN’S ARCHITECTURE - TEMPLES
Vimalavasahi temple
Tejpala temple
Palitana temple
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAIN’S ARCHITECTURE - TEMPLES
Pavapuri temple - Bihar
Rajagriha temple - Bihar
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
JAIN’S ARCHITECTURE - TEMPLES
Gomateswara / Bahubali at
Shravanabelagola, Karnataka
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]
PLEASE SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE
[Link]/c/tejucs357
FB page :
[Link]/[Link]
Get your text files @
[Link]
Downloaded from:- [Link] [Link]