Assignment:

1) Research the difference between architects and engineers in the field of design and construction.
a. Role in Design
 Architects
Architects are primarily responsible for the conceptual and aesthetic design of a building. They focus on how the building looks,
feels, and functions for its users. Architects consider spatial planning, form, style, and the relationship of the structure to its
environment. Their goal is to create a design that is visually appealing, functional, and compliant with zoning and building
regulations.
 Engineers
Engineers focus on the technical and structural feasibility of the design. Civil, structural, electrical, mechanical, and sanitary
engineers ensure that the architect’s concept can safely stand, operate efficiently, and withstand loads, forces, and
environmental conditions. Engineers translate design concepts into calculations, systems, and technical drawings.

b. Role in Construction
 Architects
During construction, architects ensure that the building is constructed according to the approved design, specifications, and
intent. They may review shop drawings, conduct site visits, and coordinate with clients and contractors to maintain design
quality.
 Engineers
Engineers supervise and inspect specific technical aspects such as structural works, foundation systems, drainage, electrical
layouts, and mechanical systems. They solve technical problems that arise on-site and ensure compliance with engineering
standards and safety codes.

Aspect Architect Engineer

Main Role Creates the overall concept and appearance of the Ensures the building is safe, stable, and functional
building

Primary Focus Aesthetics, space planning, and user experience Structural strength, safety, and efficiency

Design Creative and artistic Analytical and technical

Responsibility Develops layouts, form, and architectural plans Provides structural and systems designs (structural,
in Design electrical, plumbing, etc.)

Role in Checks if construction follows the design intent Oversees technical execution and solves engineering
Construction problems

Visually pleasing and functional building Safe, durable, and efficient structure
Goal
 LAW/CODE OVERVIEW WHEN PASSED / ISSUED PROPOSED / APPROVED BY
National Building Sets uniform standards for building Issued February 19, 1977 (Presidential President Ferdinand E. Marcos issued the
Code of the design, construction, use, occupancy, and Decree) with revised Implementing Presidential Decree. It’s enforced by the
Philippines (PD maintenance to safeguard life, property, Rules and Regulations published in Department of Public Works and Highways
1096) and public welfare. It covers permits, 2004/2005. (DPWH).
occupancy, structural, fire safety, and
building system requirements. It also
includes referral codes (e.g., Fire Code,
Electrical Code).
Architecture Act of Regulates the practice of architecture in March 17, 2004 (approved date). Passed by Philippine Congress. Signed into law
2004 (R.A. 9266) the Philippines — registration, licensure, and approved by President Gloria
scope of work, and professional standards. Macapagal-Arroyo.
It updated and replaced the older
Architecture Law (RA 545).
Architectural Code A referral code for architectural standards Originally passed December 20, 1999 Prepared by the United Architects of the
of the Philippines referenced by the National Building Code; as a referral code to PD 1096. Philippines (UAP) and approved by the DPWH
provides guidelines on architectural Secretary.
design details like documentation,
drawing standards, and professional
practice specifics.
National Structural Technical standard for structural design Latest published version became Prepared by the Association of Structural
Code of the (loads, materials, structural systems) effective with NSCP 2015 series Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP); approved
Philippines (NSCP) ensuring buildings and structures resist around 2015 after updates following by DPWH Secretary.
hazards like earthquakes, wind, and major disasters.
gravity. It’s a referral code to PD 1096.
Philippine Standard for electrical installations and The current widely used version is Developed and submitted by the Institute of
Electrical Code safety — design, installation, and Philippine Electrical Code Part 1 Integrated Electrical Engineers (IIEE),
(PEC) inspection of electrical systems. It ensures (PEC1:2017), adopted in 2017 (and adopted/approved by the PRC Board of
safety from electrical hazards. earlier editions from prior years). Electrical Engineering.
Fire Code of the Comprehensive law on fire safety and December 19, 2008 (signed) and took Passed by Philippine Congress and signed by
Philippines (R.A. prevention — fire protection systems, effect January 3, 2009. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
9514) inspections, fire hazards, emergency
access, penalties for violations, and
enforcement mechanisms.

National Plumbing Provides standards for plumbing design, First codified and approved December Approved by President Joseph Estrada
Code of the installation, and maintenance in buildings 21, 1999 under the Plumbing Law pursuant to Republic Act No. 1378 (Plumbing
 Philippines covering plumbing systems, fixtures, provisions. Law).
water supply, drainage, and sanitation.
Sanitation Code of Ensures public health and sanitation Issued as a Presidential Decree in Issued by President Ferdinand E. Marcos to
the Philippines standards — waste disposal, hygiene, pest 1975. regulate sanitation and public health
(P.D. 856) control, drainage, water supply safety, standards.
and disease prevention for residential and
commercial buildings and communities.