ABSTRACT

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF RCC BUILDING

This project investigates the seismic performance of Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC)
building frames with and without masonry infill walls. In conventional structural design,
masonry infill walls are generally treated as non-structural elements; however, they
significantly influence the stiffness, strength, and overall seismic response of buildings
during earthquakes.

A fifteen-storey RCC building located in Seismic Zone III is modeled and analyzed using
ETABS software. Different building configurations, including bare frames, infilled frames,
irregular-shaped frames (C-shape and T-shape), and soft-storey structures, are considered.
Masonry infill walls are modeled using the Equivalent Diagonal Strut Method, and the strut
widths are determined using Mainstone and Hendry formulations.

Seismic analysis is carried out using the Equivalent Static Method and Response Spectrum
Method in accordance with IS 1893:2002 provisions.

The structural response is evaluated in terms of storey displacement, inter-storey drift, base
shear, storey stiffness, and fundamental time period.

The results indicate that the inclusion of masonry infill walls considerably increases the
lateral stiffness and strength of the structure, leading to a significant reduction in storey
displacement and inter-storey drift. Infilled frames exhibit better seismic performance
compared to bare frames, while soft-storey configurations show increased vulnerability under
earthquake loading. The study concludes that masonry infill walls play an important role in
enhancing the seismic resistance of RCC buildings and should be considered appropriately in
structural analysis and design.
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIG. NO NAME OF THE FIGUTRES PAGE NO

1.1 Different Types of Seismic Waves 2

1.2 Light Steel Infill Wall 5

1.3 Pre-Fabricated Light Steel Wall 5

1.4 Precast Concrete Infill Wall Panels 5

1.5 Structural Layout of Bare Frame and Infill Frame 6

1.6 Dynamic Behaviour of Infilled Frames 8

1.7 Displacement of Frame Under Lateral Loads 8

1.8 Equivalent Diagonal Strut 11

1.9 Diagonal Strut 11

3.1 Plan of the Building 19

3.2 Elevation of the Building 21

3.3 Base Shear from ETABS 22

4.1 Building Plan 24

4.2 3D Building Model 24

4.3 Elevation of the Building 25

4.4 Plan and 3D View - Model 1 29

4.5 Elevation and 3D View Model 2 30

4.6 Elevation and 3D View Model 3 30

4.8 Elevation and 3D View 31

4.9 Elevation and 3D View – Model 6 32

4.10 Plan and 3D View – Model 7 32

4.11 Elevation and 3D View – Model 8 33

4.12 Elevation and 3D View – Model 9 33

4.13 Elevation and 3D View – Model 10 34

4.14 Elevation and 3D View – Model 11 34

5.1 Displacement Graph for EQX 35

5.2 Displacement Graph for EQY 37

5.3 Inter-Storey Drift Graph for EQX 38

5.4 Inter-Storey Drift Graph for EQY 40

5.5 Base Shear Graph for EQX and EQY 41

TAB. NO NAME OF THE TABLES PAGE NO

3.1 Calculation of Base Shear 22

4.1 Descriptions of Models 25

4.2 Selection of Building Parameters 26

4.3 Selection of Seismic Parameters 26

4.4 Material Properties 26

4.5 Diagonal Strut Width 29

5.1 Displacement Along X-Direction (EQX) 35

5.2 Displacement Along Y-Direction (EQY) 36

5.3 Inter-Storey Drift Along X-Direction 37

5.4 Inter-Storey Drift Along Y-Direction 40

5.5 Base Shear Along X and Y Direction 41

5.6 Storey Stiffness (X and Y Directions) 42

5.7 Storey Stiffness (X and Y Directions) 43

5.8 Scale Factor for Response Spectrum Analysis 44

5.9 Displacement Along X and Y Direction (RX/RY) 45

5.10 Displacement Along X and Y Direction (RX/RY) 46

5.11 Inter-Storey Drift Along X and Y Direction (RX/RY) 47

5.12 Inter-Storey Drift Along X and Y Direction (RX/RY) 50

5.14 Storey Stiffness Along X-Direction 52

5.15 Storey Stiffness Along Y-Direction 53

CHART. NO GRAPH NAME PAGE NO

1Fig 1.1Different Types of Seismic Waves 2

2Fig 1.2 Light Steel Infill Wall 5

3Fig 1.3 Pre-Fabricated Light Steel Wall 5

4Fig 1.4 Precast Concrete Infill Wall Panels 5

5Fig 1.5 Structural Layout of Bare Frame and Infill Frame 6

6Fig 1.6 Dynamic Behaviour of Infilled Frames 8

7Fig 1.7 Displacement of Frame under Lateral Loads 8

8Fig 1.8 Equivalent Diagonal Strut 11

9Fig 1.9 Diagonal Strut 11

10 Fig 3.1 Plan of the Building 19

11Fig 3.2 Elevation of the Building 21

12Fig 3.3 Base Shear from ETABS 22

13Fig 4.1 Building Plan 24

14Fig 4.2 3D Building Model 24

15Fig 4.3 Elevation of the Building 25

16Fig 4.4 Plan and 3D View – Model 1 29

17Fig 4.5 Elevation and 3D View – Model 2 30

18Fig 4.6 Elevation and 3D View – Model 3 30

20Fig 4.8 Elevation and 3D View – Model... 31

21Fig 4.9 Elevation and 3D... 32

21 Fig 4.9 Elevation and 3D View Model 6 32

22 Fig 4.10 Plan and 3D View -Model 7 32

23 Fig 4.11 Elevation and 3D View Model 8 33

24 Fig 4.12 Elevation and 3D View Model 9 33

25 Fig 4.13 Elevation and 3D View Model 10 34

26 Fig 4.14 Elevation and 3D View Model 11 34

27 Fig 5.1 Displacement Graph for EQX 35

28 Fig 5.2 Displacement Graph for EQY 37

29 Fig 5.3 Inter Storey Drift Graph for EQX 38

30 Fig 5.4 Inter Storey Drift Graph for EQY 40

31 Fig 5.5 Base Sheer Gaph for EQX and EQY 41