Cloud Computing
Lectureslides – III
© 2024 Er. Santosh Panth
UNIT 4
Virtualization in Cloud Computing
Virtualization
▪ A Lot of Servers/Machines...
❑ Web server
❑ Mail server
❑ Database server
❑ File server
❑ Proxy server
❑ Application server
❑ …and many others
Virtualization
⚫ The data- centre is FULL
⚫ Full of under utilized servers
⚫ Complicate in management
⚫ Power consumption
⚫ Greater wattage per unit area than ever
⚫ Electricity overloaded
⚫ Cooling at capacity
⚫ Environmental problem
⚫ Green IT
Virtualization
▪ Virtualization is the creation of a virtual -- rather than actual
▪ Virtualization is software that makes computing environments
independent of physical infrastructure.
▪ Virtualization is technology that you can use to create virtual
representations of servers, storage, networks, and other physical
machines.
▪ Examples virtual classroom etc.
Virtualization
▪ ‘Virtualization is a methodology for dividing the computer resources to
more than one execution environment by applying more concepts like
partitioning, time-sharing, machine simulation and emulation.’
▪ Virtualization is a method in which multiple independent operating
systems run on a physical computer.
▪ This new trend helps the IT environment to manage itself and every
available resource is seen as a utility, where a client pays per use
Virtualization
Virtualization
▪ Layer 1 comprising of network, layer 2 comprising of virtual
infrastructures and layer 3 contains virtual machines where different
operating system and applications are deployed.
▪ A single virtual infrastructure can support more than one virtual
machine, that is, more than one OS and application can be
deployed.
▪ A virtual infrastructure consists of the following components: the host,
the hypervisor, the virtual machines, and the user interface.
Virtualization
Following are some reasons for using virtualization:
1. Virtual machines (VM) merge the workloads of under-utilized servers.
Because of this one can save on hardware, environmental costs and
management.
2. To run legacy applications, VM is used.
3. VM provides a secured and sandbox for running an untrusted application.
4. VM helps in building secured computing platform.
5. VM provides an illusion of hardware.
6. VM simulates networks of independent computers.
7. VM supports to run distinct OS with different versions.
8. VM enables to share memory in multiprocessor architecture.
9. VM makes the job easier for the administrative staff in migration, backup
Basic Terms of Virtualization
▪ A virtual machine, VM, as a "computer made of software" that you can
use to run any software you would run on a physical computer.
▪ A hypervisor, also known as a virtual machine monitor or VMM,
▪ Hypervisor is software that creates, runs, manage and monitor your virtual
machines (VMs).
▪ Purpose of Hypervisor: best utilization of all resources with their
Potential
▪ Two Types:
1.Type1(Bare Metal )
[Link] 2(Hosted)
Basic Terms of Virtualization
Basic Terms of Virtualization
Type 1:
▪ Directly work on hardware.
▪ Hypervisor install on hardware.
▪ VM directly access system
hardware.
▪ Contact with system hardware is not
possible in Type 2.
▪ Performance is very high in Type1
Basic Terms of Virtualization
Type 2:
▪ Hypervisor install on system O.S.
▪ This type2 only used by learner who
work on different o.s.
▪ This type not used in company because
performance is low.
▪ If main O.S. having some difficulty then
it affect on hypervisor then VM.
Types of Virtualization
Various Virtualization Types are:
1. Server virtualization
2. Network Virtualization
3. Storage virtualization
4. Desktop virtualization
5. Application virtualization
6. Management virtualization
Types of Virtualization
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
▪ Server virtualization is the process of dividing a physical server into multiple
unique and isolated virtual servers by means of a software application.
▪ Each virtual server can run its own operating systems independently.
▪ Need of server virtualization: Physical server is work Under utilization, so using
the server virtualization Physical server fully work on their capacity ,hence
increasing the sharing, utilization and maintaining the capacity of servers.
▪ Server virtualization software’s such as Hyper-V or VMware encapsulates an
operating system and its applications to run in isolated processors and memory
spaces of the host.
3 way to create Virtual servers:
1. Full virtualization (need)
2. Para virtualization(less need)
3. OS level
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
[Link] virtualization :Complete virtualization
▪ The physical server’s resources are monitored by the hypervisor.
▪ Virtual servers operate independently and are not aware of other virtual servers
using hypervisor.
▪ When any application runs on the virtual servers, the hypervisor passes resources
from the physical machine to the proper virtual server.
▪ Hypervisors have their own processing requirements and physical server reserves
processing power and resources to be executed by the hypervisor application.
▪ This will impact the overall server performance and slow down application
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
2. Para virtualization :
▪ In this type Virtual server are aware with each other.
▪ Hypervisor uses less processing power to manage virtual OS.
▪ It work based on network administrator ,If the administrator wants to install
different OS, then para-virtualization is the best option.
▪ Many industries support full virtualization, but interest in paravirtualization is also
growing; soon it may replace full virtualization.
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
3. OS level (physical server o.s.) : no need of Hypervisor,
▪ O.S. of Physical server is done the work of virtualization
▪ OS virtualization somewhat differs from server virtualization.
▪ The host runs a single OS kernel and exports different operating system
functionalities to every visitors.
Working of OS Virtualization
The components for using OS virtualization in the infrastructure are
server and client.
● Server: This component initializes which virtual disk and establishes
the connection with the client.
● Client: It establishes link with first component to run the OS
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
3. OS level
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
3. OS level
Types of Virtualization : Server Virtualization
Working of OS Virtualization
Step 1—Connecting to the OS virtualization server:
Step 2—Connecting the virtual disk:
Step 3—VDisk connected to the client:
Step 4—OS is ‘streamed’ to the client:
Step 5—Additional streaming: Once the first part streaming is over,
operating system starts as expected (e.g., starting an application which is
there within the virtual disk).
Types of Virtualization : Network Virtualization
▪ Network Virtualization is a method where network resources are
combine based on available bandwidth.
▪ Each channel is assigned to a particular server.
▪ By adopting this method of virtualization, a true complexity of network is
hidden and managed like partitioning the hard drive.
▪ Because of network virtualization, lower TCO(Total cost of ownership),
higher return of investment, security and dynamic computing are
obtained.
▪ Network virtualization is the process of configuring the available
resources in a mesh by splitting the available bandwidth into
channels.
Types of Virtualization : Network Virtualization
▪ All subscribers can access all the resources of the network using a
single computer.
▪ A virtual machine can be configured with one or more virtual Ethernet
adapters.
▪ Virtual switches which permit virtual machines on the same
virtualization hardware host to communicate with everyone through the
same protocols that would be used over physical switches, without the
need for extra hardware.
Types of Virtualization : Network Virtualization
Types of Virtualization : Network Virtualization
Advantages of Network Virtualization :
Improves manageability –
•Grouping and regrouping of nodes are eased.
•Configuration of VM is allowed from a centralized management
workstation using management software.
Reduces CAPEX –
•The requirement to set up separate physical networks for different node
groups is reduced.
Improves utilization –
•Multiple VMs are enabled to share the same physical network which
enhances the utilization of network resource.
Enhances performance –
•Network broadcast is restricted and VM performance is improved.