Transformation of Sentence
According to Structure
Simple
Complex
Compound
Simple
one subject and one finite verb
Finishing the work, he took rest.
In spite of running fast, Mina could not get the train.
By working hard, you can succeed in life.
You bought a torn shirt.
She is brilliant.
Complex
One principal / main / independent clause and one or more
subordinate / dependent clause, two subjects
* two subject
When he finished the work, he took rest.
Though Mina ran fast, she could not get the train.
If you work hard, you can succeed in life.
You bought a shirt which was torn.
Compound
Two or more principal clauses are joined with co-ordinating
conjunctions like and, but, or, otherwise, yet etc.
He finished the work and took rest.
Mina ran fast but could not get the train.
Work hard and you can succeed in life.
You bought a shirt and it was torn.
Rule-1 (Normal Action)
Complex: When the boy went to school, he talked to the new teacher.
Simple: Going to school, the boy talked to the new teacher.
Compound: The boy went to school and talked to the new teacher.
Rule-2 (Different Subject)
Complex: As / when the party was over, the guests left the house.
Simple: The party being over, the guests left the house.
Compound: The party was over and the guests left the house.
Rule-3 (Cause)
Complex: Since / as she is active, she makes good results in the
examination.
Simple: Because of her being active, she makes good results in the
examination.
Compound: She is active and so she makes good results in the
examination.
Rule- 4 (Opposite Conception)
Complex: Though / although the boy tries hard and soul to solve any
problem, he fails to do it.
Simple: In spite of / Despite the boy’s trying hard and soul to solve
any problem, he fails to do it.
Compound: The boy tries hard and soul to solve any problem but fails
to do it.
Example-2
Complex: Though they were early for the bus, they missed it.
Simple: In spite of their being early for the bus, they missed it.
Compound: They were early for the bus but they missed it.
Rule-5 (Normal Time)
Complex: I met the chairman when it was morning.
Simple: I met the chairman in the morning.
Compound: It was morning and I met the chairman.
When / while (Continuous Action)
Complex: When they were swimming in the sea, they saw a big
dolphin.
Simple: At the time of their swimming in the sea, they saw a big
dolphin.
Compound: They were swimming in the sea and they saw a big
dolphin.
Rule-6 (Relative Pronoun)
Complex: I know the man who is working in the garden.
Simple: I know the man working in the garden.
Compound: The man is working in the garden and I know him.
Example-2
Complex: She likes the red dress that was bought from the market
yesterday.
Simple: She likes the red dress bought from the market yesterday.
Compound: The red dress was bought from the market yesterday and
she likes it.
Example-3
Complex: Everyone praises a girl who is brilliant.
Simple: Everyone praises a brilliant girl.
Compound: A girl is brilliant and everyone praises her.
Rule-07 (Conditional)
Affirmative
Complex: If you study sincerely, you will make a good result.
Simple: By studying sincerely, you will make a good result.
Compound: Study sincerely and you will make a good result.
Negative
Complex: If you do not use your time properly, you will fail in your
Aim / Unless you use your time properly, you will fail in
your aim.
Simple: Without using your time properly, you will fail in your aim.
Compound: Use your time properly or you will fail in your aim.
Rule-08 (Purpose)
Complex: The government enacted a law so that it could control the
situation.
Simple: The government enacted a law to control the situation.
Compound: The government wanted to control the situation and so it
enacted a law.
Rule-09 (Result)
Complex: The boy is so weak that he cannot move any more.
Simple: The boy is too weak to move any more.
Compound: The boy is very weak and he cannot move any more.
Rule-10 (What)
Complex: I know what your name is.
Simple: I know your name.
Compound: You have a name and I know it.
Rule-11 (Use of Perfect Participle)
Complex: When the boys had made the garden, they grew vegetables
in it.
Simple: Having made the garden, the boys grew vegetables in it.
Compound: The boys had made the garden and they grew vegetables
in it.
Use of Noun / Noun Phrase
Complex: As she is beautiful, everybody likes her.
Simple: Because of her beauty / being beautiful, everybody likes her.
Compound: She is beautiful and so everybody likes her.
Exceptional
Complex: It is true that she has made the mistake.
Simple: Truly she has made the mistake.
Compound: She has made the mistake and it is true.
Simple: I have sung a song.
Complex: It is I who have sung a song.