TOPIC 7
Technology and E-Commerce
An In-Depth Discussion on Technology, Logistics, and Supply Chain
Management
In partial fulfilment to the requirements of ABED 132: Supply and Value Chain
Management
Group 7 – BSAB 3A
Bungag Althea D.
Brioso, Rinalyn R.
Briones, Manuel
Manuel, Rinalyn C.
Victoria, Dyza Mae
Villaver, Hans Ian
Villanueva, Genecis
Introduction
Technology and e-commerce have transformed the way businesses
operate in the modern world. Companies now rely heavily on digital systems,
automation, and online platforms to improve their business processes and
reach customers more efficiently. In logistics and supply chain management,
technology plays a major role in improving visibility, accountability,
productivity, and communication between suppliers, businesses, and
consumers. Through modern systems such as inventory tracking, online
purchasing, automated warehouses, and electronic payment systems,
businesses are able to reduce costs, minimize delays, and improve customer
satisfaction.
E-commerce refers to buying and selling products or services using the
internet. Popular e-commerce platforms such as Lazada, Shopee, Amazon,
and Alibaba allow customers to shop anytime and anywhere using
smartphones, tablets, or computers. Because of this convenience, online
shopping has become a major part of daily life. As e-commerce continues to
grow, logistics and supply chain systems must also improve to meet the
increasing demand for faster and more reliable delivery services.
Procurement Module
Material Availability
Material availability refers to whether the required materials or products
are available and ready for use. Businesses need enough supplies to
continue production and operations without interruptions. For example, a
manufacturing company producing canned goods must always ensure that
raw materials such as cans, labels, and ingredients are available. Technology
helps companies monitor inventory levels in real time through computerized
systems.
Equipment Availability
Equipment availability means that machines, tools, or devices needed
for operations are working properly and ready to use. For example, delivery
trucks used by logistics companies must always be operational to avoid
shipment delays. Businesses use maintenance software to monitor equipment
conditions and schedule repairs before breakdowns happen.
Purchase History
Purchase history is a record of all previous purchases made by
customers or businesses. This information helps companies analyze buying
behavior, identify popular products, and forecast future demand. For example,
an online store can recommend products to customers based on their
previous purchases.
Purchase Delivery
Purchase delivery refers to transporting purchased goods from the
seller to the buyer. Technology allows customers to track deliveries in real
time through mobile applications and websites. For example, Shopee and
Lazada provide delivery tracking updates so customers can monitor the status
of their orders.
Purchase Request
A purchase request is a formal request made by employees or
departments to buy materials, equipment, or services. This process helps
organizations control spending and ensure that all purchases are properly
approved. Digital systems speed up approval processes and reduce
paperwork.
Canvas Sheet
A canvas sheet is a visual tool used to describe how a business
operates. It helps businesses identify their value proposition, customer
relationships, and revenue streams. Start-up companies commonly use
business model canvas sheets when planning e-commerce operations.
Purchase Order
A purchase order is an official document that contains the type,
quantity, and agreed price of products or services being ordered. Online
purchase order systems allow businesses to track approvals and deliveries
efficiently. For example, restaurants may use digital purchase orders to buy
ingredients from suppliers.
Inventory Module
Material Receiving
Material receiving involves checking and recording products or raw
materials delivered by suppliers. Inventory systems automatically update
stock levels once materials are received. This reduces human error and
improves inventory accuracy.
Equipment Inventory
Equipment inventory is a detailed list of machines, vehicles, tools, and
other equipment used by a business. Modern inventory systems can track fuel
consumption, location, and maintenance schedules. For example,
construction companies use GPS systems to monitor heavy equipment.
Material Transfer
Material transfer refers to moving items from one location or
department to another. Digital approval systems ensure that transfers are
properly documented and monitored.
Material Delivery
Material delivery records the transfer of products or materials to
another location or customer. Delivery management systems help businesses
monitor shipment schedules and inventory movement.
Material Withdrawal
Material withdrawal refers to removing materials from inventory for
operational use. For example, a repair department may withdraw spare parts
for equipment maintenance. Inventory systems automatically update stock
balances after withdrawal.
Project Setup Module
Project Operation Activity
This module organizes project activities and assigns tasks to
employees or departments. Technology helps managers monitor project
progress and ensure that deadlines are met.
Project Equipment Checklist
A project equipment checklist is completed before operating vehicles or
machines. It helps identify defects or safety concerns before operations begin.
Project Operation Equipment
This includes loading units, hauling units, support units, and service
vehicles used in operations. Proper equipment management improves
productivity and reduces operational downtime.
Project Equipment Utilization
Equipment utilization measures how efficiently equipment is used
during operations. Businesses use monitoring systems to maximize
productivity and avoid idle time.
Project Cost Center
A project cost center tracks expenses and evaluates whether a
department or project is profitable. Managers use cost center reports to
improve budgeting and financial planning.
Project Service Center
A project service center monitors maintenance and technical support
activities. It helps ensure that equipment problems are addressed quickly.
Equipment Maintenance Module
Maintenance Service Personnel
This refers to workers responsible for repairing and maintaining
equipment. Maintenance systems track employee skills and availability to
ensure efficient assignment of tasks.
Service Request Setup
A service request system allows employees to report equipment
problems or request repairs. This improves communication between
operations and maintenance departments.
In-House Service
In-house service refers to repairs handled internally by the company’s
maintenance team. This reduces repair costs and downtime.
Job-Out Service Setup
If repairs cannot be completed internally, companies may hire external
service providers. This process is known as job-out service.
Scheduled Service Setup
Scheduled service involves planned maintenance activities to prevent
equipment failure. Preventive maintenance reduces unexpected breakdowns
and increases equipment lifespan.
Program Service Setup
Program service setup automatically schedules maintenance based on
operating hours or mileage. For example, trucks may require oil changes after
reaching a specific kilometer reading.
Project Monitoring Module
Project Operation Report
This report summarizes the operating hours and activities of equipment
during operations. Managers use these reports to evaluate productivity.
Project Production Report
Production reports measure the quantity of goods produced during
operations. This helps businesses determine whether production targets are
achieved.
Project Delivery Report
Delivery reports record shipment schedules, number of trips, and
completed deliveries. These reports improve delivery planning and customer
service.
Project Consumption Report
Consumption reports track the use of fuel, materials, and supplies
during operations. Businesses analyze these reports to control operational
costs.
Project Maintenance Report
Maintenance reports summarize breakdowns, repair activities, and
maintenance hours. These reports help identify recurring equipment issues.
How E-Commerce Influences Logistics and Supply Chain Management
in the Philippines
E-commerce has greatly influenced logistics and supply chain
management in the Philippines. Because consumers can now shop online
easily, businesses are expected to provide faster and more reliable delivery
services. Filipinos widely use smartphones and internet connections to
purchase products online. During online sales events such as 11.11 and
12.12, millions of orders are processed daily.
One major challenge in the Philippines is geography. Since the country
consists of more than 7,000 islands, transporting products can be expensive
and time-consuming. Traffic congestion in urban areas also causes delays. To
solve these problems, companies establish warehouses and distribution hubs
in strategic locations. For example, Lazada and Shopee developed sorting
centers and logistics hubs to improve delivery efficiency.
Consumers today expect fast delivery and real-time tracking of orders.
Delayed shipments, damaged items, or missing products often result in
customer complaints. Because of this, businesses invest in advanced logistics
technologies such as automated warehouses, barcode systems, GPS
tracking, and digital payment systems.
Technology also benefits small businesses and entrepreneurs.
Through e-commerce platforms, small sellers can market their products
nationwide without opening physical stores. Social media platforms such as
Facebook, TikTok, and Instagram also help businesses promote products and
communicate with customers.
Conclusion
In conclusion, technology and e-commerce continue to reshape the
logistics and supply chain industry. Modern technologies improve inventory
management, procurement, maintenance, project monitoring, and customer
service. E-commerce provides convenience to consumers while creating
opportunities for businesses to expand their operations. Despite challenges
such as traffic congestion and geographical limitations, companies continue to
innovate by using digital tools and smarter logistics systems. As technology
advances, businesses must continue adapting to remain competitive and
meet the growing expectations of consumers.
References
Digital 2019 Report
Lazada Logistics and Warehousing Information
Supply Chain and Logistics Management Concepts
E-commerce and Logistics Studies in the Philippines