AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Differential Equations and Slope Fields Learning Outcomes After completing this module, students will be able to do the fol OM * Interpret verbal statements of problems as differential eq involving a derivative expression. * Verify solutions to differential equations. * Sketch slope fields of differential equations. * Determine solutions of differential equations using slo onal = ‘Ea is proportional 'S & constan ke Pe hyn trapohs ororhonal: if a 1s invedel there Ix fs Difberral Egvahicn, An epvolion Shove Feil : A graph Shak repress General Solviganiniale Wrong amd YPtcs rhikveng content,AP Calculus AB; Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.1 Mode! ling with Differential Equations Part A Fill in the blanks: Balen) fais Proportional to b, then a = awe aly | | Prepor honal| : 'f ais inversely proportional to b, then a = £ where ke kb, where k is a constant, We typically use leib.j2 | notation 2) when writ to clearly show the rate of change with respect ti If we’re given éregh_| [inSormahion] We ea The derivative of Position i: The derivative of veloAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.1 Modeling with Differential Equations Part B Write a differential equation that describes the foll necessary, use k as the constant of proportionality. Modeled Practice 1: The rate of change of S with respect to y is proportional to the square root of u and inversely proportional tov. lowing relationships. If Modeled Practice 2: The rate of change of U with respect to a is inversely proportional to the cube of v. i rate of change of U is —5 when v = 5- Modeled Practice 3: The height of a rocket is given by the functi where t is measured in seconds since the launch and his mea meters. The acceleration is proportional to the cube root of tht the start of the launch. At 12 seconds, the acceleration is 3 second per second.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.1 Modeling with Differential Equations Part C Write a differential equation that describes the following relation: necessary, use k as the constant of proportionality. Guided Practice 1: The number of popsicles purchased, p, at a Br increases as the weather gets warmer. The rate of change of p witl time t is inversely proportional to the natural log of ¢. Guided Practice 2: Suppose a scientist is studying th quantities x and y in an experiment. The scienti of change of the quantity of x with respect to tl proportional to the square of the quantity of y.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.1 Modeling with Differential Equations Part C Write a differential equation that describes the following relationships. if necessary, use K as the constant of proportionality. Guided Practice 3: Suppose the number of cookies, ¢, is increasing with respect to workers, w, at a rate proportional to the number of workers in cafe. If there are 7 workers and the rate of change of the number of is 17 cookies per worker, what is a differential equation to model this situation? Hint: Write the equation with k as the constant of propo! and then solve for k. pears \7 = 7kAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.2 verifying Solutions Part A Fill in the blanks: to a differential equation is a function that, when substituted into the equation along with it: satisfies the equation completely, meaning it makes both sides of the equation equal. to the differential equation includes the cor integration C, which will not appear in the derivatives of the solution. We can identify a parkoler wl Non | ofa differential equatior using integration and using a specific point to solve for C. In the differential equation y"’ — 6y’ + 8y = 0, we y(x) = e”* isa possible solution that will satis! What values of r make this function a solutiAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.2 Verifying Solutions Part B Modeled Practice 1: Find the value of k of the equation y = on that would be a solution to the differential equation 3y’ + y” = —14e™. y ee . Be nt! fuk w=4e Fs 16 ke \C he ee BT abe] + 92? 2Fke ts jue (ice = ] Modeled Practice 2: If = = y* + 6y? — 16y”, answer the following questions. a. On what intervals of y is y(x) increasing? b. On what intervals of y is y(x) decreasing? c. What are the constant solutions of the equation? gt by-lb=0 4 +9¢y-9 ai ¥ =0,%4-8AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.2 Verifying Solutions Part B Modeled Practice 3: Find the xy-equation of the curve that passes through — (-1,0) and whose slope at any point on the curve is equal to 7 times the X-coordinate of that point.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topi ‘i 1OPIC 9.2 verifying Solutions Part C Guided Practice 1: Find the particular solution of the differential equation 4x to dy _ ax = 8cos(4x) that passes through the point G-2). Hint: Let u = integrate the differential equation. Ved dee Yd Jeecetwaas = Seems C42 S- asinduad + 6 om ae Se 2sin C1CH)) + Peet Y= Dsin (oc) —Y jE Guided Practice 2: Solve the initial-value problem yon? — 4x +i 6e* if y(0) = 8. Hint: Integrate the equation, substitute the point into the equation, and solve for C. a7 (2 x 3 ees As. 2 Ce Je % =-¢64+C 3 yg = 2 rx 3x - Come lYAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.2 Verifying Solutions Part C See Guided Practice 3: For what value of k, if any, will y = ke“™* + Ssin(Ze) be a solution to the differential equation y// + 4y = 26e~**? Hint: Identify i first and second derivatives, substitute the derivatives into the differential ‘ equation, and solve for k. ; 1 = Boe ~~ She + Ices Conc) n Be SE ae = Bo ain Cosy qne ; © > 32sincud +4 The? gin C0501] = 2 [ake MS punsAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide TOPIC 9.3 sketch Siope Fields PAA —OPIC 9.3 Sket Fill in the blanks: is a graph that represents a differential equation. Sketch: Using the provided slope field from section 1, sketch two particular solutions to the differential equation with two starting points.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.3 sketen Slope Fields Part B Modeled “wl 1: Use the figure on Practice 9.3 and the differential 7 ~ xy. Let f be the function that satisfies the given equation = ax differential equation. Write an equation for the tangent line to the curve 2). y= f(x) through the point Modeled Practice 2: S| slope field for the diffe! tion & = equation = = PaAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide TOPIC 9.3 Sketch Siope Fields Part 8 Modeled Practice 3: Match the differential equation to the following slope field.AB: Part 2 nt Guide AP Calculus Module 9 Conte! Topic 9.3 sketch Slope Fields Part ¢ Practice 9.3 and the differential differential @) Guided Practice 1: Use the figure on equation - = = Let f be the function that satisfies the given equation. Write an equation for the tangent line to the curve y=f through the point (—2, —2). Hint: Use the differential equation to determine the slope of the tangent line. Guided Practice 2: Sketch a slope field for the differential ion Y= xe - equation 7 = x* +y. Hint: Use the differential equation to calculate the slope at e: point.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 93 Sketch Slope Fields Part ¢ e Modeled Practice 3: Match the differential equation to the aaa field. Hint: Consider the horizontal lines and how they affect the slop Also, note that there are ho undefined slopes.AP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide TOPIC 9.4 Reasoning Using Slope Fields Part B nt the Modeled Practice 3: Explain why the slope field below cannot represet differ tion @ = ifferential equation ax = 0.2y. wow eS xs ‘ / | a epee ey 1. ~ -_~~ KAN KN ~ —_—_——o—o- becowe hen co, $y co, beware he. apa Shows B55 hich te why the Slove fell canna He enahonAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide TOPIC 9:4 Reasoning Using Slope Fields Pat Guided Practice 1: The slope field for a certain differential equation 's shown below, Which of the following could be a solution to the renter” equation with the initial condition y(0) = 1? Hint: Spa the initial condition in for each equation. a we eed So op Se ey SNS SNe he ~SNYVA Seat rf io a xt+ yt iP=4 / @#ty= PRS ie cs oS a ae PaaS OPS ppt a IL Ore he fond ae SreeAP Calculus AB: Part 2 Module 9 Content Guide Topic 9.4 Reasoning Using Slope Fields Part C Guided oe 2: Use the figure on Practice 9.4 and the differential equation © D = 2x = y = 2. Describe all points in the xy-plane that satisfy the equation $ ® & 1, Hint: Set the derivative equal to 1 and solve for y. Guided Practice 3: Use the figure on Practice 9.4. Answer the following. questions about a solution y = f(x) to the differential equation. Hint: Think about when the derivative is zero and increasing or decreasing. ~ a. The graph of the particular solution has a relative minimum awe value? b. What is the the concavity of all the particular solutions? The particular solutions are decreasing on what interval?