COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS – SITUATIONAL QUESTIONS
1. A nurse wants to identify areas in a barangay where dengue cases are most
concentrated. Which tool should be used?
A. Problem Tree
B. Spot Map
C. Genogram
D. Demographic Pyramid
Answer: B. Spot Map
Rationale: Spot maps show the geographic distribution of cases, helping identify
clusters or high-risk areas.
2. A nurse is analyzing the root causes and effects of malnutrition in a community.
Which tool is most appropriate?
A. Spot Map
B. Problem Tree
C. Socio-demographic Profile
D. Genogram
Answer: B. Problem Tree
Rationale: A problem tree shows causes (roots), main problem, and effects
(branches).
3. A nurse wants to predict future health service needs based on age and sex
distribution. What tool should be used?
A. Genogram
B. Spot Map
C. Demographic Pyramid
D. Health Profile
Answer: C. Demographic Pyramid
Rationale: It shows population structure, useful for planning services.
4. A nurse is studying hereditary diseases in a family across generations. Which tool
is best?
A. Spot Map
B. Problem Tree
C. Genogram
D. Cluster Sampling
Answer: C. Genogram
Rationale: A genogram shows family relationships and genetic patterns.
5. A nurse gathers data on income, occupation, and education of residents. What is
being developed?
A. Community Health Profile
B. Socio-demographic Profile
C. Spot Map
D. Problem Tree
Answer: B. Socio-demographic Profile
Rationale: It focuses on personal and social characteristics.
6. A nurse compiles data on population, health status, and available services. What
tool is this?
A. Community Health Profile
B. Genogram
C. Spot Map
D. Sampling Frame
Answer: A. Community Health Profile
Rationale: It is a comprehensive overview of the community.
7. Before conducting a survey, the nurse prepares clear and measurable objectives.
What is the purpose?
A. To reduce workload
B. To impress supervisors
C. To focus data collection
D. To shorten interview time
Answer: C. To focus data collection
Rationale: Objectives ensure relevant and targeted data gathering.
8. A nurse notices inconsistent answers in survey forms. What is the initial action?
A. Discard the data
B. Ignore the errors
C. Re-train data collectors and validate data
D. Submit immediately
Answer: C. Re-train data collectors and validate data
Rationale: Ensures accuracy and reliability of data.
9.
A nurse selects 10 blocks from a barangay and surveys all households within them.
What sampling method is used?
A. Random Sampling
B. Systematic Sampling
C. Cluster Sampling
D. Convenience Sampling
Answer: C. Cluster Sampling
Rationale: Entire groups (clusters) are selected and surveyed.
10.
A nurse introduces herself and explains her purpose before starting an interview.
What principle is applied?
A. Kinetics
B. Proxemics
C. Sampling
D. Validation
Answer: B. Proxemics
Rationale: Establishing identity and purpose builds rapport and trust.
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11.
A nurse asks, “You don’t smoke, right?” What is the issue?
A. Clear question
B. Open-ended
C. Leading question
D. Valid question
Answer: C. Leading question
Rationale: It suggests an answer and may cause bias.
12.
While interviewing, the nurse observes that the respondent avoids eye contact and
looks nervous. What is being assessed?
A. Proxemics
B. Demographics
C. Kinetics
D. Sampling
Answer: C. Kinetics
Rationale: Kinetics refers to body language and gestures.
13.
A nurse pre-tests a questionnaire before using it. What principle is ensured?
A. Reliability
B. Validity
C. Accuracy
D. Feasibility
Answer: B. Validity
Rationale: Pre-testing ensures the tool measures what it should measure.
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14.
A nurse supervises data collectors during fieldwork. What is the purpose?
A. Reduce time
B. Ensure data quality
C. Increase workload
D. Avoid communication
Answer: B. Ensure data quality
Rationale: Supervision ensures correct and consistent data collection.
15.
A nurse compares collected data with standard health indicators. What process is
this?
A. Data collection
B. Data analysis
C. Data encoding
D. Data reporting
Answer: B. Data analysis
Rationale: Analysis involves comparison and interpretation.
16.
A nurse identifies a sudden increase in dengue cases in one area. What is being
identified?
A. Trend
B. Error
C. Bias
D. Sample
Answer: A. Trend
Rationale: A pattern or increase indicates a trend.
17.
A nurse trains data collectors before survey. What is ensured?
A. Speed
B. Reliability
C. Cost reduction
D. Simplicity
Answer: B. Reliability
Rationale: Training ensures consistent results.
18.
A nurse wants to identify the most affected group in terms of age and sex. What tool
is best?
A. Spot Map
B. Genogram
C. Demographic Pyramid
D. Problem Tree
Answer: C. Demographic Pyramid
Rationale: It shows distribution by age and sex.
19.
A nurse finds that most families use unsafe water. What should be done next?
A. Ignore data
B. Analyze and plan intervention
C. Collect again
D. Discard findings
Answer: B. Analyze and plan intervention
Rationale: Data should lead to action and planning.
20.
A nurse ensures that survey results are consistent when repeated. What principle is
demonstrated?
A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Accuracy
D. Precision
Answer: B. Reliability
Rationale: Reliability means consistent results over time.
1.
A nurse prepares a table titled:
“Health Data of Barangay Malinis.”
What is the major error?
A. Title is too long
B. Missing time frame and population details
C. Incorrect placement
D. Too specific
Answer: B
Rationale: A table title must be self-explanatory, including what, where, when, and
N. The title lacks time and population.
2.
A report shows:
“Educational Attainment (N=?)”
What is the implication?
A. Data is invalid
B. Sample size is unclear
C. Data is unreliable
D. Data is biased
Answer: B
Rationale: Missing N value makes it impossible to interpret how many respondents
the data represents.
3.
A nurse presents data as:
12, 13.5, 14.25, 15
What principle is violated?
A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Standardized formatting
D. Sampling
Answer: C
Rationale: All values must have consistent decimal places for standardization.
4.
A table contains multiple vertical and horizontal lines. What is the issue?
A. Lack of clarity
B. Violation of three-line rule
C. Poor sampling
D. Invalid data
Answer: B
Rationale: Tables should follow the three horizontal lines rule only.
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5.
A nurse places the figure title above a graph. What is incorrect?
A. Font style
B. Title placement
C. Data accuracy
D. Labeling
Answer: B
Rationale: Figure titles must be placed below the graph.
6.
A nurse develops a plan focused on future immunization needs and budget
allocation. What function is applied?
A. Organizing
B. Directing
C. Planning
D. Staffing
Answer: C
Rationale: Planning includes forecasting and budgeting.
7.
A nurse assigns staff for a vaccination program. What management function is used?
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Controlling
Answer: B
Rationale: Assigning tasks and scheduling falls under organizing.
8.
A nurse ensures all staff follow the same immunization procedure using a manual.
What is emphasized?
A. Leadership
B. Standardization
C. Supervision
D. Communication
Answer: B
Rationale: Policy manuals ensure uniformity of actions.
9.
A nurse notices confusion in referral responsibilities among staff. What is lacking?
A. Policy manual
B. Job description
C. Budget plan
D. Training
Answer: B
Rationale: Job descriptions define roles and authority.
10.
A nurse evaluates how many workers are needed for a health program. What
process is this?
A. Budgeting
B. Workload analysis
C. Forecasting
D. Scheduling
Answer: B
Rationale: Workload analysis determines staffing needs.
11.
A nurse prioritizes dengue because many people are affected. What criterion is
used?
A. Severity
B. Magnitude
C. Feasibility
D. Modifiability
Answer: B
Rationale: Magnitude refers to number of people affected.
12.
A nurse prioritizes a disease because it causes death and disability. What criterion is
applied?
A. Magnitude
B. Severity
C. Preventive potential
D. Feasibility
Answer: B
Rationale: Severity measures seriousness of consequences.
13.
A nurse chooses a problem that can easily be solved through education. What
criterion is used?
A. Magnitude
B. Feasibility
C. Modifiability
D. Severity
Answer: C
Rationale: Modifiability refers to ease of change.
14.
A nurse prioritizes immunization because it prevents future complications. What
criterion is applied?
A. Severity
B. Preventive potential
C. Feasibility
D. Magnitude
Answer: B
Rationale: Preventive potential focuses on early prevention benefits.
15.
A nurse rejects a program due to lack of funds and manpower. What criterion is
considered?
A. Magnitude
B. Severity
C. Feasibility
D. Modifiability
Answer: C
Rationale: Feasibility considers resources and practicality.
16.
A nurse prioritizes a problem affecting only one family but is severe. Another affects
many but is mild. Which is prioritized?
A. Severe case
B. Widespread case
C. Both equally
D. Neither
Answer: B
Rationale: In community health, magnitude (widespread impact) is prioritized
over isolated cases.
17.
A nurse places a table far from its reference in the report. What is the issue?
A. Formatting error
B. Misplacement
C. Invalid data
D. Sampling error
Answer: B
Rationale: Tables must be placed immediately after being mentioned.
18.
A nurse creates a table without indicating location. What is affected?
A. Validity
B. Clarity
C. Reliability
D. Accuracy
Answer: B
Rationale: Missing location reduces clarity and completeness.
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19.
A rural nurse performs both supervision and policy implementation. What is
demonstrated?
A. Specialization
B. Role overlap
C. Delegation
D. Centralization
Answer: B
Rationale: Limited staff leads to overlapping roles.
20.
A nurse identifies poor drainage and unsafe water as community problems. How are
these classified?
A. Medical problems
B. Health-related problems
C. Social issues only
D. Environmental risks only
Answer: B
Rationale: These are health-related problems affecting overall health.
1.
A nurse computes that a barangay with 8,000 people living in 4 sq. km has a density
of 2,000. What does this measure indicate?
A. Population composition
B. People per household
C. People per unit area
D. Male-female distribution
Answer: C
Rationale: Population density measures the number of people per unit area.
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2.
A community has 900 males and 1,000 females. What is the sex ratio?
A. 90
B. 100
C. 110
D. 120
Answer: A
Rationale: Sex ratio = (900 ÷ 1000) × 100 = 90 males per 100 females.
3.
A nurse evaluates a program and finds the objective was “reduce smoking by 30%,”
but only 20% reduction was achieved. What is being compared?
A. Inputs and outputs
B. Objectives and outcomes
C. Process and structure
D. Efficiency and cost
Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluation compares planned objectives vs actual outcomes.
4.
A nurse notices delays in immunization reporting and immediately corrects it
during implementation. What is being practiced?
A. Terminal evaluation
B. Formative evaluation
C. Summative evaluation
D. Impact evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: Formative evaluation is done during the program for corrections.
5.
A nurse conducts a full assessment of a health program 8 months after completion.
What type of evaluation is this?
A. Formative
B. Terminal
C. Process
D. Continuous
Answer: B
Rationale: Terminal evaluation assesses long-term results after completion.
6.
A nurse checks that 95% of planned home visits were completed. What is
measured?
A. Outcome indicator
B. Process indicator
C. Impact indicator
D. Structural indicator
Answer: B
Rationale: Process indicators measure activities performed.
7.
Which indicator best reflects quality for community health programs?
A. Subjective and flexible
B. Objective and sensitive
C. Random and fast
D. Cost-based only
Answer: B
Rationale: Indicators must be objective and sensitive to change.
8.
A health program is evaluated by a consultant who is not part of implementation.
Why is this preferred?
A. Cheaper evaluation
B. Faster data collection
C. Less bias and more credibility
D. Easier communication
Answer: C
Rationale: External evaluators provide objective and unbiased results.
9.
A nurse conducts COPAR in a barangay. The first step is selecting a community that
is willing and safe. What phase is this?
A. Entry phase
B. Action phase
C. Pre-entry phase
D. Organization phase
Answer: C
Rationale: Pre-entry involves selection of the community.
10.
A nurse introduces herself and builds rapport with barangay leaders before starting
activities. What is the priority?
A. Data collection
B. Budgeting
C. Trust building
D. Evaluation
Answer: C
Rationale: Entry phase focuses on acceptance and trust.
11.
A community forms officers, bylaws, and a mission-vision. What phase is this?
A. Entry phase
B. Organization phase
C. Action phase
D. Pre-entry phase
Answer: B
Rationale: Organization phase involves formal structure formation.
12.
The nurse steps back while the community independently runs a health project.
What phase is this?
A. Action phase
B. Entry phase
C. Planning phase
D. Evaluation phase
Answer: A
Rationale: Action phase = community-led implementation.
13.
A community studies its own problem, plans, and implements solutions with the
nurse. What approach is used?
A. Traditional nursing
B. Participatory Action Research (PAR)
C. Clinical audit
D. Case study
Answer: B
Rationale: PAR involves community participation in problem-solving.
14.
A nurse concludes that a community program is successful because residents
continue it without assistance. What is the best indicator?
A. High funding
B. External approval
C. Community ownership
D. High attendance
Answer: C
Rationale: Success = community independence and responsibility.
15.
A nurse evaluates a program using both objectives and outcomes. What is being
assessed?
A. Cost-effectiveness
B. Program effectiveness
C. Staffing needs
D. Logistics
Answer: B
Rationale: Comparing objectives and outcomes measures effectiveness.
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16.
A program is adjusted mid-way based on monitoring reports. What is the purpose of
monitoring?
A. Final judgment
B. Immediate correction
C. Budget approval
D. Policy creation
Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring detects deviations for quick correction.
17.
A nurse identifies that many children are affected by malnutrition in a barangay.
Which prioritization criterion is used?
A. Severity
B. Magnitude
C. Feasibility
D. Modifiability
Answer: B
Rationale: Magnitude = number of people affected.
18.
A disease is prioritized because it can easily be prevented through vaccination.
Which criterion applies?
A. Severity
B. Modifiability
C. Preventive potential
D. Magnitude
Answer: C
Rationale: Preventive potential focuses on preventing future cases.
19.
A nurse avoids subjective judgment when evaluating indicators. What principle is
ensured?
A. Sensitivity
B. Objectivity
C. Flexibility
D. Complexity
Answer: B
Rationale: Objective indicators are free from personal bias.
20.
A nurse notices that despite program completion, behavior change is minimal. What
type of evaluation is MOST appropriate?
A. Process evaluation
B. Formative evaluation
C. Impact evaluation
D. Structural evaluation
Answer: C
Rationale: Impact evaluation measures long-term behavior and health changes.
1.
A community voluntarily helps transfer a bedridden patient to the hospital without
expecting anything in return. What Filipino value is demonstrated?
A. Pakikisama
B. Bahala Na
C. Bayanihan
D. Hiya
Answer: C
Rationale: Bayanihan is the spirit of voluntary communal helping during need
or crisis.
2.
A patient refuses treatment and says, “Bahala na si God.” What is the main concern
in this attitude?
A. Positive coping
B. Increased compliance
C. Avoidance of responsibility
D. Cultural competence
Answer: C
Rationale: Bahala na may lead to passive decision-making and neglect of
responsibility.
3.
A nurse notices neighbors ignoring health violations to maintain good relationships.
What value influences this behavior?
A. Bayanihan
B. Pakikisama
C. Hiya
D. Utang na loob
Answer: B
Rationale: Pakikisama promotes harmony but may lead to tolerance of wrong
behavior.
4.
A mother refuses vaccination due to traditional beliefs. What is the BEST initial
nursing action?
A. Force vaccination
B. Report to authorities
C. Provide culturally sensitive health education
D. Ignore the situation
Answer: C
Rationale: Cultural sensitivity requires respectful education and dialogue first.
5.
A nurse insists on using Western medical practices and dismisses local beliefs. What
principle is violated?
A. Efficiency
B. Cultural sensitivity
C. Monitoring
D. Delegation
Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural sensitivity requires respect for community beliefs.
6.
The community is described as the “patient” in CHN. What does this imply?
A. Focus is on hospitals
B. Focus is only on individuals
C. Focus is on population-level care
D. Focus is on diseases only
Answer: C
Rationale: CHN treats the community as a whole unit of care.
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7.
A nurse teaches mothers how to prevent diarrhea using low-cost materials available
locally. What concept is applied?
A. High technology care
B. Appropriate technology
C. Clinical intervention
D. Tertiary prevention
Answer: B
Rationale: Appropriate technology uses simple, affordable, local solutions.
8.
A community has a high incidence of waterborne diseases. The nurse suggests sand
filtration systems made by locals. What principle is this?
A. Hospital-based care
B. Appropriate technology
C. Curative care
D. Emergency response
Answer: B
Rationale: It promotes sustainable, locally made interventions.
9.
A hospital is used when a patient requires complex surgery not available in the
community. What role is the hospital performing?
A. Prevention
B. Health promotion
C. Restoration of health
D. Community education
Answer: C
Rationale: Hospitals provide specialized care for recovery and restoration.
10.
A nurse conducts home visits to monitor a hypertensive patient’s condition
regularly. What principle is demonstrated?
A. Continuity of care
B. Emergency response
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Case management only
Answer: A
Rationale: Home visits ensure ongoing monitoring and care continuity.
11.
A nurse enters a barangay and first builds rapport before conducting assessments.
What is the priority?
A. Data analysis
B. Trust building
C. Program evaluation
D. Policy enforcement
Answer: B
Rationale: Entry phase focuses on acceptance and trust.
12.
Residents are hesitant to allow health assessment in their homes. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Force entry
B. Report them
C. Build trust and rapport
D. Skip the area
Answer: C
Rationale: Trust is essential before any data collection or intervention.
13.
A nurse identifies indoor smoke from cooking as a major health hazard causing
cough in children. What should be prioritized?
A. Malnutrition
B. Indoor smoke exposure
C. Vaccination refusal
D. Water supply
Answer: B
Rationale: Indoor smoke has a direct link to respiratory illness.
14.
A child has worsening cough at night with breathing difficulty. What is the nurse’s
best immediate action?
A. Give herbal advice
B. Wait for improvement
C. Assess and refer if needed
D. Ignore unless fever occurs
Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms suggest possible respiratory issue needing urgent
assessment and referral.
15.
A nurse encourages families to identify their own health problems and solutions.
What role is being performed?
A. Authority figure
B. Educator and facilitator
C. Medical technician
D. Policy enforcer
Answer: B
Rationale: CHN focuses on empowerment and participation.
16.
A nurse forces her health beliefs on the community without considering their
culture. What is the result?
A. Better compliance
B. Increased trust
C. Cultural conflict
D. Improved outcomes
Answer: C
Rationale: Lack of sensitivity leads to resistance and misunderstanding.
17.
A community practices herbal remedies but also accepts health education when
respectfully explained. What is demonstrated?
A. Cultural rejection
B. Cultural integration
C. Cultural imposition
D. Medical dominance
Answer: B
Rationale: Cultural integration respects beliefs while introducing safe medical
practices.
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18.
A nurse explains vaccination benefits while addressing fears of mothers. What
approach is used?
A. Forceful persuasion
B. Culturally sensitive communication
C. Legal enforcement
D. Medical isolation
Answer: B
Rationale: Respectful dialogue is key in cultural sensitivity.
19.
A community continues health programs even without nurse supervision. What
does this indicate?
A. Dependence
B. Empowerment
C. Failure of program
D. Lack of control
Answer: B
Rationale: Sustainability means community ownership and empowerment.
20.
A nurse’s main goal in community immersion is to:
A. Treat all diseases
B. Replace local leaders
C. Enable community self-reliance
D. Conduct hospital referrals only
Answer: C
Rationale: The goal of CHN is empowerment and self-reliance of the
community.