🔹 1) Launch Browser + Basic Window
Operations
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
[Link]("[Link] // Navigate to URL
[Link]().window().maximize(); // Maximize
[Link]().window().minimize(); // Minimize
[Link]().to("[Link] // Navigate to another URL
[Link]().back();
[Link]().forward();
[Link]().refresh();
🔹 2) Open New Window / Tab
[Link]().newWindow([Link]); // New window
[Link]("[Link]
// OR new tab
[Link]().newWindow([Link]);
🔹 3) Locators + Basic Actions
[Link]([Link]("username")).sendKeys("Vedant"); // Send text
[Link]([Link]("loginBtn")).click(); // Click button
🔹 4) Waits (Very Important)
🔸 Implicit Wait
[Link]().timeouts().implicitlyWait([Link](10));
🔸 Explicit Wait
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, [Link](10));
WebElement element = [Link](
[Link]([Link]("username"))
);
[Link]("Test");
🔹 5) Handling Frames
[Link]().frame("frameName"); // by name/id
[Link]().frame(0); // by index
WebElement frame = [Link]([Link]("frameId"));
[Link]().frame(frame); // by WebElement
[Link]().defaultContent(); // back to main page
🔹 6) Alerts Handling
Alert alert = [Link]().alert();
[Link](); // OK
[Link](); // Cancel
[Link]("Text"); // Input
String text = [Link]();
🔹 7) Drag and Drop + Mouse Actions
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
WebElement source = [Link]([Link]("drag"));
WebElement target = [Link]([Link]("drop"));
[Link](source, target).perform();
🔹 8) Mouse Movement / Hover
WebElement menu = [Link]([Link]("menu"));
[Link](menu).perform();
[Link](menu).perform();
[Link](menu).perform(); // Right click
🔹 9) Dropdown Handling
Select dropdown = new Select([Link]([Link]("dropdown")));
[Link]("Option1");
[Link]("value1");
[Link](1);
🔹 10) Checkbox Handling
WebElement checkbox = [Link]([Link]("check"));
if (![Link]()) {
[Link]();
}
🔹 11) Scrolling
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
// Scroll down
[Link]("[Link](0,500)");
// Scroll up
[Link]("[Link](0,-500)");
// Scroll to element
WebElement element = [Link]([Link]("target"));
[Link]("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);
🔹 12) Assertions (Hard Assertions -
TestNG style)
🔸 Basic Assertions
[Link](actual, expected);
[Link](actual, expected);
[Link](condition);
[Link](condition);
[Link](object);
[Link](object);
🔹 13) Soft Assertions
SoftAssert soft = new SoftAssert();
[Link](actual, expected);
[Link](condition);
// Important
[Link](); // marks test result
🔹 14) Verify (Common Practice in
Selenium)
👉 Selenium doesn’t have built-in verify, we simulate it:
if ([Link](expected)) {
[Link]("Verified");
} else {
[Link]("Failed but test continues");
}
🔹 15) Element Validation (Verify UI State)
WebElement element = [Link]([Link]("test"));
[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();
🔹 16) Close Browser
[Link](); // current window
[Link](); // all windows