COMPLETE STUDY NOTES

Programme Media
B.A. (H) Social Work · Semester VI | Unique Paper Code: 2336000004

4 Units 6 Years PYQ Analysed 30 Marks · 1 Hour Exam

3 Questions (Q1 Compulsory)

JUMP TO Unit I: Understanding Unit II: Mediums & Methods

Unit III: Handmade & Creative Unit IV: Programme Media for Masses

🔥 Most Important & Frequently Asked Topics (From 6 Years

PYQs)

These topics appear repeatedly across years — must prepare all of them!

Puppet Show (Short note – asked Define Programme Media + its

🔥 🔥
every year) significance/purpose

Handmade Creations in Programme Digital Literacy – concept,

🔥 🔥
Media (with examples) importance, ethical use

⭐ Flash Cards (Short note) ⭐ Slogan Writing (Short note)

⭐ Standee (Short note) ⭐ Press Conference (Short note)

Public Opinion – role of programme Entertainment & Games in

⭐ ⭐
media programme media
 Community Radio for marginalized Folk Songs / Katha Tradition (Short
⭐ ⭐
voices notes)

Handouts & Brochures in educational

⭐ ⭐ Communication in Programme Media
outreach

Significance of community Significance of digital media in social

⭐ ⭐
development & empowerment work

Exam Pattern: Q1 is compulsory (short notes on any 2 out of 3). Then attempt any 2
more long-answer questions (10 marks each). All questions carry equal marks.

I Understanding Programme Media

Weeks I–IV · 4 Hours · Concept, characteristics, purpose, significance & communication

1. What is Programme Media? MO ST IMP P YQ EV ERY YE AR

Definition: Programme Media refers to the planned, organized use of various

communication tools, channels, and creative methods by social workers to convey
messages, raise awareness, educate, mobilize communities, and bring about
positive social change.

In simple words — it is the use of media as a tool in social work programmes to

reach, engage, and empower people and communities.

The word "Programme" means a planned set of activities with specific goals.
"Media" means the channels used to communicate those activities. Together,
Programme Media = planned media activities in social work contexts.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PROGRAMME MEDIA

→ Goal-oriented: Always designed to achieve specific social work objectives

(education, empowerment, awareness)

→ People-centred: Focuses on community participation and involvement

→ Flexible: Can use multiple formats – oral, visual, digital, performing arts, print

→ Contextual: Adapted to the culture, language, and needs of the target community

→ Interactive: Encourages two-way communication, not just top-down broadcasting

→ Ethical: Respects dignity, confidentiality, and cultural sensitivity

→ Accessible: Uses simple language and locally relevant formats

→ Preventive & Curative: Used both to prevent social problems and to address
existing ones

PURPOSE OF PROGRAMME MEDIA

→ To inform communities about social issues (health, rights, education, welfare

schemes)

→ To educate people in engaging and memorable ways

→ To motivate individuals and groups to take positive action

→ To advocate for policy changes and social justice

→ To empower marginalized groups by giving them voice and platform

→ To mobilize communities for collective action

→ To facilitate behaviour change (e.g., stopping child marriage, promoting health

practices)

SIGNIFICANCE OF PROGRAMME MEDIA

→ Bridges the communication gap between service providers and communities

→ Makes complex social issues understandable through storytelling, visuals, drama

→ Reaches illiterate and semi-literate populations through non-text methods

→ Helps social workers connect emotionally with client groups

→ Amplifies voices of marginalized communities

→ Creates sustained impact through repeated messaging across multiple formats

→ Supports community development and grassroots empowerment

📚 PYQ QUESTIONS ON THIS TOPIC

📌 "Define programme media and illustrate its effectiveness in raising awareness on a

social issue." (3892, 3856)
 📌 "Define Program Media in context of social work. Discuss characteristics, purpose
and significance." (3896)

📌 "Discuss the significance of programme media in community development and

empowerment." (3856)

2. Communication in Programme Media IMP PYQ

Communication is the process of sharing information, ideas, feelings, and

messages between individuals or groups through a common system of symbols,
language, or behaviour.

ELEMENTS OF TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

COMMUNICATION
→ Verbal (spoken/written)
→ Sender (Source)
→ Non-verbal (body language,
→ Message visuals)

→ Channel/Medium → One-way (TV, posters)

→ Receiver/Audience → Two-way (discussions, meetings)

→ Feedback → Mass communication

→ Noise (barriers) → Interpersonal communication

In social work, effective communication is the backbone of programme media.

Social workers must choose the right channel, the right message, and the right
format for their audience. Communication in Programme Media also includes
building rapport, active listening, and community dialogue.

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION

→ Language differences

→ Low literacy levels

→ Cultural taboos or misconceptions

→ Lack of trust in the communicator

→ Physical barriers (distance, noise)

→ Psychological barriers (fear, resistance to change)

3. Role of Programme Media: Propaganda & Public Opinion IM P

P YQ

Propaganda: The systematic use of media to influence beliefs, attitudes, or

behaviours of a large group, often in a one-sided manner.

Public Opinion: The collective views, beliefs, and attitudes of a large group of
people on a particular issue at a particular time.

HOW PROGRAMME MEDIA INFLUENCES PUBLIC OPINION

→ By repeatedly exposing audiences to key messages (agenda-setting)

→ By using emotional storytelling to change attitudes

→ By countering misinformation with factual content

→ By making invisible social issues visible (e.g., domestic violence campaigns)

→ By creating social pressure through mass awareness

Example: Campaigns against child marriage using street plays, radio jingles, and flash
cards can shift community attitudes and create public opinion against the practice.

📚 PYQ QUESTIONS

📌 "Evaluate how Programme Media can influence public opinion in contemporary

society." (11728)

📌 "Write short note on: Public Opinion." (3892)

II Mediums and Methods of Programme Media

Weeks V–VIII · 4 Hours · Types, Digital Literacy, People's Participation
4. Types of Programme Media IMP

Programme Media can be broadly classified based on the method of

communication:

ORAL / SPOKEN METHODS PARTICIPATORY METHODS

→ Talk: Formal/informal speech to → Campaign: Organized effort

a group or community on a over time using multiple media to
specific topic promote a cause

→ Public Meeting & Hearing: → Movement: Mass mobilization

Large gathering to discuss around a social issue (e.g.,
community issues; allows environmental, women's rights)
democratic participation
→ Advertisement: Paid/unpaid
→ Group Discussion: Small, messages designed to create
interactive sessions for problem- awareness or change behaviour
solving and idea exchange
→ Entertainment/Games: Using
→ Press Conference: Formal event fun activities to teach and engage
where a spokesperson addresses (edutainment)
media representatives → Film Screening & Discussion:
→ Storytelling: Using narratives Showing relevant films followed
(real or fictional) to convey by community dialogue
messages in culturally resonant
ways

SHORT NOTES: TYPES OF MEDIA (EXAM-IMPORTANT)

📣 PRESS CONFERENCE PYQ 3856

A formal event organized for journalists and media to receive information directly from
an individual or organization. Purpose: to make announcements, address issues, counter
rumours. Features: prepared statement, Q&A session, media kit. In social work: used to
draw public/media attention to social causes (e.g., a press conference on child labour
data).

🏛️ PUBLIC MEETING & HEARING

 An open gathering where community members can voice concerns, receive information,
or participate in decision-making. Jan Sunwai (public hearing) is a popular format in
India where affected people can present their grievances publicly. Significance:
democratic participation, transparency, accountability.

💬 GROUP DISCUSSION
A structured conversation among a small group (8–15 people) on a specific topic. Used
for diagnostic (identifying problems), problem-solving, and therapeutic purposes in
social work. Encourages every participant's voice and collective decision-making.

🎮 ENTERTAINMENT & GAMES IN PROGRAMME MEDIA IMP PY Q

Using entertainment formats to achieve educational and social change goals

(Edutainment).

→ Games teach through experience, not lecturing — high retention

→ Removes fear, creates safe space for learning

→ Useful with children, youth, and low-literacy groups

→ Examples: role-play games on gender equality, quiz competitions on health,

simulation exercises on community planning

Example: Snakes & Ladders modified to teach about hygiene practices; street
games about rights of children.

📚 PYQ

📌 "What is the importance of entertainment and games in programme media for

education?" (3856)

📌 "Write short note on: Press Conference." (3856)

5. Information and Digital Literacy MOST IMP

P YQ MULTI PL E YE AR S
 Information Literacy: The ability to identify, locate, evaluate, and effectively use
information from various sources to meet a specific need.

Digital Literacy: The ability to find, evaluate, create, and communicate

information using digital technologies — computers, smartphones, internet,
social media — responsibly and effectively.

COMPONENTS OF DIGITAL LITERACY

→ Technical skills: Using devices, internet, applications

→ Information literacy: Finding credible information online, avoiding fake news

→ Communication literacy: Appropriate use of email, social media, video calls

→ Media literacy: Critically reading and creating digital media content

→ Online safety: Privacy, cybersecurity, data protection

IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL LITERACY FOR SOCIAL WORK

→ Empowers marginalized communities to access government schemes, healthcare

info, legal rights

→ Enables social workers to use digital tools for data collection, reporting, case
management

→ Helps communities participate in e-governance and online advocacy

→ Bridges the digital divide between urban and rural, literate and non-literate
populations

→ Essential for crisis communication (spreading accurate health information during

pandemics)

ETHICAL USE OF DIGITAL LITERACY FOR SOCIAL CHANGE

→ Avoid misinformation: Verify before sharing; fight fake news

→ Respect privacy: Do not share personal data of clients online

→ Inclusive access: Ensure digital tools don't exclude older, disabled, or non-literate
people

→ Counter hate speech: Use digital platforms responsibly and peacefully

→ Informed consent: Obtain permission before documenting or sharing community

stories online

DIGITAL LITERACY AND MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES

Marginalized communities (Dalits, tribal communities, women, elderly, persons

with disabilities) often face a "digital divide" — lack of access to devices,
internet connectivity, and digital skills. Digital literacy programmes bridge this
gap by:

→ Training community members in basic digital skills

→ Providing community internet access points

→ Creating content in local languages

→ Using accessible formats (audio, video) for non-literate users

Example: Digital literacy programmes in rural India (like Common Service Centres)
help farmers access market prices, women access banking via mobile, and youth apply
for jobs online.

📚 PYQ QUESTIONS

📌 "Define information and digital literacy. Why is its ethical use important for social
change?" (3892)

📌 "How does Digital Literacy empower marginalized communities in accessing

information?" (11728)

📌 "Write short note on: Significance of digital media." (4749)

📌 "Information and digital literacy: concept, importance and components." (Syllabus)

6. People's Participation: Film Screening, Discussion & Review

I MP

Community participation is central to programme media. Rather than passive

recipients, community members become active participants in media activities.

FILM SCREENING DISCUSSION & REVIEW

 → Showing documentaries, short → Guided discussion after film

films, or feature films relevant to screening to process emotions

social issues and ideas

→ Creates emotional connection → Social worker facilitates, not

with the issue directs — community voices are

→ More impactful than lectures —

centred

visual + emotional engagement → Review: critical reflection on

what was seen and what change
→ Process: Pre-screening (context
it suggests
setting) → Screening → Post-
screening discussion → Can lead to collective action

→ Useful for topics like domestic

planning

violence, addiction, child rights,

environment

Example: Screening of Taare Zameen Par in schools to sensitize teachers about learning
disabilities; followed by discussion on inclusive education.

📚 PYQ

📌 "Reflect on the importance of people's participation in programme media activities,

such as film screenings and group discussions." (3896)

III Handmade Creations and Creative Writings in

Social Work
Weeks IX–XI · 3 Hours · Collage, Posters, Creative Writing, IEC Materials

7. Handmade Creations in Programme Media MO ST IMP

P YQ E VE RY YE AR
Handmade creations are manually crafted visual and artistic materials used by
social workers to communicate with client groups in engaging, creative, and
accessible ways.

TYPES OF HANDMADE CREATIONS

🖼️ COLLAGE 🎨 POSTER MAKING

An artwork created by assembling A visual communication tool combining
different materials — newspaper text and images on a large sheet to
cuttings, photographs, fabric, drawings deliver a message at a glance.
— to convey a theme or message.
Features: Bold heading, brief text,
Uses in SW: Used in therapy (art striking images, call to action. Placed in
therapy), awareness campaigns, public spaces for maximum reach.
expressing complex emotions without
Uses: Health campaigns (vaccination,
words. Ideal for groups with language
sanitation), voter awareness, anti-
barriers.
addiction drives.
Example: Collage on "Rights of
Example: "Say No to Drugs" poster in
Women" using magazine images,
schools with visuals and simple text.
slogans, and symbols.

🖌️ WALL PAINTINGS / MURALS

Large paintings on public walls conveying social messages. Very effective in rural areas
and urban slums where literacy is low.

Features: Durable, visible to all passers-by, culturally representative, often involve

community artists.

Uses: Public health (hand-washing, maternal health), caste discrimination awareness,

environmental messages.

Example: Swachh Bharat wall paintings in villages showing proper sanitation practices.

USES OF HANDMADE CREATIONS (EXAM ANSWER POINTS)

→ Make messages visual and memorable for low-literacy audiences

→ Serve as therapeutic tools (art therapy for trauma survivors)

→ Create community ownership — community members are involved in making

them
→ Cost-effective compared to digital media

→ Can be context-specific and culturally appropriate

→ Useful in schools, hospitals, community centres

→ Stimulate creativity and expression in client groups (children, women)

📚 PYQ QUESTIONS

📌 "What are the uses of handmade creations in programme media? Discuss with
examples." (3856)

📌 "Explain the creative aspects of Programme Media through handmade creations and
creative writing. How can tools like collages, posters and slogans be employed to
engage client groups in social work practice?" (3896)

8. Creative Writings in Social Work Programme Media IMP

P YQ

Creative writing refers to literary forms used to convey social messages, educate,
and engage communities in non-traditional ways.

📖 SHORT STORY WRITING ✍️ SLOGAN WRITING

Brief narrative that illustrates a social P YQ 3 892

issue through characters and plot. A catchy, short, powerful phrase that
Stories create empathy and are summarizes a message for easy recall
remembered longer than facts. Example: and mass communication.
A story about a first-generation girl
Good slogan features: Brief (5–10
student breaking barriers — used in
words), rhythmic, easy to remember,
community meetings to motivate
action-oriented.
parents to educate daughters.
Examples: "Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao"
| "Ek Kadam Swachhata Ki Ore"

Use in SW: Campaigns, rallies, posters,

banners

📄 BROCHURES PY Q 389 2 📋 HANDOUTS PY Q 38 92

 A folded paper document containing Single or few pages of printed
information about services, information given to an audience
programmes, or issues. Usually tri-fold. during/after a session or event.
Contains visuals + text in simple
Uses: Training sessions, workshops,
language.
community meetings — provides key
Uses: Awareness about NGO services, points participants can take home.
health information, legal rights
Features: Simple language, bullet
pamphlets.
points, key data, contact information.
Advantages: Portable, can be referred
to later, can reach non-internet users.

❓ FAQS (FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS)

A document that addresses common questions people have about a topic, service, or issue
in a Q&A format. Easy to read and directly addresses audience concerns. Used in health
programmes, legal awareness, scheme enrollment drives.

SIGNIFICANCE OF HANDOUTS & BROCHURES IN

EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH

→ Reinforce messages delivered verbally in workshops and trainings

→ Reach beyond the immediate audience (participants share with family)

→ Serve as reference material that can be consulted repeatedly

→ Useful in areas with limited internet access

→ Support behaviour change by providing actionable steps at home

→ Can be produced in local languages easily

📚 PYQ

📌 "Explain the significance of handouts and brochures in educational outreach

programmes." (3892)

📌 "Write short note on: Slogan writing." (3892)

📌 "Write short note on: Creative writings and Programme Media." (4749)
9. IEC Materials I MP

IEC = Information, Education, Communication materials — a range of tools

developed to communicate health, social, and development messages effectively
to target audiences.

📊 FLIP CHART 🃏 FLASH CARDS

A series of large illustrated sheets on a Small cards with an image on one side
stand, flipped one by one during and text/information on the other. Used
presentations. Ideal for small groups (5– to teach quickly and reinforce memory.
20 people), community health workers, Common in health education (e.g., steps
field workers in areas without of hand-washing), nutrition counselling,
electricity. Each page has simple picture literacy programmes.
+ brief text. Reusable, portable.
Advantage: Highly visual, portable,
reusable, good for illiterate audiences.

📰 FLYERS & LEAFLETS 🪧 BANNERS & HOARDINGS

Single-page printed materials Large format printed visuals displayed
distributed widely. Flyers = quick at public locations. Banners (cloth/flex)
promotional; Leaflets = slightly more are temporary; Hoardings (large boards)
detailed. Used for event are semi-permanent. Used at rallies,
announcements, awareness drives, health camps, campaigns. Maximum
reaching large numbers quickly at low visual impact for passers-by.
cost.

🪟 STANDEE PY Q 38 56

A self-standing display board, usually 5–6 feet tall, placed at entrances of events,
exhibitions, offices, and public spaces. Contains key messages in an attractive vertical
layout. Lightweight, portable, reusable. Used by NGOs, hospitals, social work
departments at events.

Advantage: Eye-catching, professional appearance, no need for wall or hook.

📚 PYQ

📌 "Write short note on: Standee." (3856)

 📌 "Write short note on: Flash cards." (3892)

IV Programme Media for Masses

Weeks XII–XV · 4 Hours · Tools Preparation, Performing Arts, Digital Media

10. Puppet Shows MO ST I MP PY Q E VERY Y EAR H OT TOP IC

Puppet Show: A form of performing art where puppets (dolls controlled by

strings, hands, or rods) are used to enact stories, dialogues, and scenes to convey
social messages to audiences, especially children and semi-literate communities.

TYPES OF PUPPETS

→ Hand/Glove Puppets: Worn on hand, simple to make, e.g., sock puppets

→ String Puppets (Marionettes): Controlled from above by strings; complex but

visually stunning

→ Rod Puppets: Controlled by rods from below; common in Indian traditional arts

→ Shadow Puppets: Flat figures held against a light to create shadows on a screen

USES IN SOCIAL WORK

→ Deliver social messages (health, hygiene, child rights, anti-discrimination) in an

entertaining way

→ Especially effective with children — they respond emotionally to characters

→ Used in schools, Anganwadis, community events, health camps

→ Non-threatening medium — difficult messages can be delivered through puppet

characters

→ Can address sensitive issues (abuse, addiction) indirectly through story

→ Rooted in Indian cultural tradition (Rajasthan's Kathputli, etc.) — high cultural

acceptance

→ Inexpensive to produce using local materials

PROCESS OF PUPPET SHOW IN SOCIAL WORK

→ Identify the social issue and target audience

→ Develop script with clear message, characters, and storyline

→ Create puppets using cloth, paper, or recycled materials

→ Rehearse with social work team

→ Perform at community venue with facilitated discussion afterward

→ Evaluate impact through feedback from audience

Example: UNICEF and various NGOs use puppet shows in rural areas to communicate
polio vaccination drives, hand-washing practices, and child abuse prevention with
remarkable effectiveness.

📚 PYQ

📌 "Write short note on: Puppet Show." (3856 — asked as compulsory Q1 option)

11. Folk Songs I MP P YQ 11728

Folk songs are traditional songs deeply rooted in the culture, language, and daily
experiences of a community. They are passed down through generations orally.

SIGNIFICANCE IN PROGRAMME MEDIA

→ Culturally familiar — immediately accepted by communities

→ Reach non-literate populations effectively

→ Messages are easier to remember when set to music/rhythm

→ Can be adapted with new social content while retaining traditional tunes

→ Create community bonding and collective identity

Example: In Rajasthan, social workers adapt folk songs (Bhajans, Geet) to spread
messages about girl education. Community Radio programmes feature local folk artists
singing about health and rights.
 📚 PYQ

📌 "Write short note on: Folk Songs." (11728)

📌 "Tools preparation: Puppet shows & folk songs." (Syllabus)

12. Performing Arts: Street Play, Drama, Theatre, Mime, Skit, Role
Play

M O ST I MP

Form Description Use in Social Work

Street Play Performed in public spaces Maximum reach, performed where

(Nukkad (streets, markets) without people already are. Used for voter
Natak) stage/props. No barrier between awareness, anti-dowry, health
performers and audience. campaigns.

Drama & Structured performance with Sensitization events, school

Theatre script, costumes, stage. More programmes, NGO events on
elaborate than street play. social issues.

Mime Silent performance using only Crosses language barriers;

body language and gestures. No universally understood. Used in
words. cross-community events.

Skit Short, informal dramatic Light-hearted delivery of serious

performance, usually humorous messages. Good for breaking ice in
or satirical. 5–10 minutes. workshops.

Role Play Participants act out scenarios Training social workers, building
relevant to a social issue or skill empathy, practicing
being learned. communication skills. Also used
therapeutically with clients.

WHY PERFORMING ARTS WORK IN SOCIAL WORK

→ Create emotional engagement and empathy — audiences feel, not just hear, the

message
→ Can address taboo topics (domestic violence, sexual abuse) through fictional
characters

→ Community members can participate as performers, creating ownership

→ Instant feedback from audience reactions during performance

→ Forum Theatre (Augusto Boal's method): audience members can stop the play and
change the ending — powerful tool for community problem-solving

13. Katha (Storytelling) Tradition IMP PY Q 11728

Katha refers to the ancient Indian tradition of storytelling, where a narrator

(Kathakar) tells stories — often mythological or folk tales — to convey moral,
spiritual, or social messages to a community.

FEATURES

→ Deeply embedded in Indian cultural tradition — high community trust and

participation

→ Oral form — accessible to illiterate populations

→ Stories create emotional connection; moral lessons are absorbed naturally

→ Can be adapted to address contemporary social issues (gender equality, caste

discrimination)

→ Used in community gatherings, religious events, community development

programmes

Example: Social workers in UP and Bihar use Katha formats to embed messages about
child marriage prevention and women's health within traditional story formats —
accepted far more readily than formal lectures.

📚 PYQ

📌 "Write short note on: Katha Tradition." (11728)

14. People-Oriented Media IMP PY Q 11728

People-Oriented Media refers to media that is created by, with, and for the
community — where the community members are not just consumers but active
producers and decision-makers of media content.

→ Contrasts with top-down mass media (TV channels, national newspapers)

→ Examples: Community Radio, community newspapers, local cable TV, community

theatre

→ Gives voice to those who are usually invisible in mainstream media

→ Content is in local language, addressing local issues

→ Strengthens community solidarity and collective identity

📚 PYQ

📌 "Write short note on: People-Oriented Media." (11728)

15. Community Radio MOS T IMP PYQ MULT IP LE Y EA RS

Community Radio is a type of radio station that operates to serve a specific

geographical community or group, owned and managed by the community itself,
focused on local issues and content.

CHARACTERISTICS

→ Operated by and for the community (not commercial or government)

→ Content is in local language and dialect

→ Covers local issues — agriculture, health, education, governance, culture

→ Low-cost to operate; reaches remote areas without internet

→ Community members can be producers, reporters, and broadcasters

SIGNIFICANCE FOR MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES

→ Amplifies voices that are absent from mainstream media

→ Provides health information (maternal health, nutrition, vaccination)

→ Agricultural and weather information for farmers

→ Platform for women, tribal communities, Dalits to tell their own stories

→ Supports local cultural preservation (folk music, oral traditions)

→ Builds community solidarity and collective action

CHALLENGES & HOW TO STRENGTHEN

→ Limited frequency range restricts reach — solution: FM transmitters, rebroadcasting

→ Funding constraints — solution: grants, community contributions, NGO

partnerships

→ Lack of trained community broadcasters — solution: training programmes

→ Content quality — solution: community editorial boards, regular feedback

Examples: Radio Mewat (Haryana) — women's issues; Radio Bundelkhand — farmer

concerns; Sangham Radio (Andhra Pradesh) — Dalit women producers. India has 400+
licensed community radio stations.

📚 PYQ

📌 "Suggest ways to strengthen Community Radio as a platform for marginalized

voices." (11728)

📌 "Significance of digital media: TV, community radio broadcast and various social
media platforms." (Syllabus)

16. Digital Media: TV, Social Media Platforms IMP

📺 TELEVISION (TV) 📱 SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS

→ Largest reach of any single → Facebook, Instagram, YouTube,

medium in India WhatsApp, Twitter/X

→ Combines audio-visual — high → Low cost, instant reach,

impact and emotional interactive (two-way

engagement communication)
 → Used for social campaigns → Enable viral campaigns

(Doordarshan's educational (#MeToo, #BlackLivesMatter)

programmes, awareness ads)
→ Used for fundraising
→ Infotainment shows, (crowdfunding), advocacy,
documentaries, health community organization
programmes → Risks: Misinformation, hate
→ Limitation: Expensive to speech, digital divide, privacy
produce content; one-way (no concerns
community feedback)
→ Must be used ethically in social
work

17. Banners, Flex, Printed Media in Programme Management

I MP PYQ 4 74 9

✅ ADVANTAGES ❌ DISADVANTAGES

→ Wide visibility — reaches all → One-way communication — no

passers-by feedback mechanism

→ Cost-effective for mass → Environmental concern (flex is

communication non-biodegradable)

→ No literacy requirement for → Can become cluttered/ignored in

image-based banners busy areas

→ Durable (flex banners last for → Must be renewed/reprinted

events and beyond) periodically

→ Can be placed at strategic → Limited information — only key

locations (markets, hospitals, messages, no detail

schools)

📚 PYQ
 📌 "How can printed media such as banners and flex be effectively used in programme
management? Discuss advantages and disadvantages." (4749)

📝 Exam Strategy (30 Marks · 1 Hour)

Attempt 3 questions. Q1 is compulsory. All carry equal marks (10 each).

Q1 (Compulsory): Short notes on 2

Q2, Q3, Q4: Long answers (~2 pages
out of 3 given options. ~5 marks each.
each). Pick 2. Prepare all long topics
Write 1 page each. Prepare: Puppet
1 2 — definition, characteristics,
Show, Flash Cards, Standee, Slogan
examples, significance structure
Writing, Press Conference, Folk
works for every question.
Songs.

Golden Rule: For every answer — define the concept → give 4–6 key points → give 1–2
examples → conclude with social work relevance. This structure works for every
question in this paper.

Programme Media — Complete Notes | Based on DU Syllabus (UPC: 2336000004) | 6 Years PYQs
Analysed
Paper 3856 · 3892 · 11728 · 3933 · 4749 · 3896