1506, National Highway, Dila, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna
LEARNING MODULE
BASIC CALCULUS
Learning Module No.3
WEEK 3
TOPIC/LESSON NAME Derivative
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts of
CONTENT STANDARD
derivatives.
PERFORMANCE The learners shall be able to formulate and solve accurately real-life
STANDARDS problems involving derivatives.
LEARNING The learners able to calculate the derivatives of a given function.
COMPENTENCIES
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
SPECIFIC LEARNING
1. Understand the concept of differentiation rules;
OUTCCOMES
2. Calculate the derivatives of a given function.
OUTLINE
1. Introduction: Concept Review
2. Motivation: Demonstrate a real-world application
3. Lesson proper
4. Evaluation: Real life Problems
1. INTRODUCTION
The teacher will review the students about Limits.
2. MOTIVATION
The teacher will ask questions about change and what influence change.
[Link] PROPER
The teacher will discuss the lesson provided by some examples.
[Link]
The teacher will lead the students to another set of problems.
The teacher will ask the students to answer the questions indicated at the student’s module.
REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READINGS
PREPARED BY: Mr. Adrian D. Plenago
DEPARTMENT ICT
CONTACT DETAILS 09283213264
LEARNING MODULE REVISION NUMBER 0
SEMESTER & YEAR 2nd Sem 2020-2021
Tel.: (049) 302-0477 / Mobile: 0925 868 5058 0927 446 5983
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1506, National Highway, Dila, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna
LEARNING MODULE
BASIC CALCULUS
Learning Module No.3
Tel.: (049) 302-0477 / Mobile: 0925 868 5058 0927 446 5983
asiatechnological@[Link]
[Link]/ASIATECHofficial
[Link] Page 3 of 7
WEEK 3
LESSON PROPER
The derivative of a function is one of the basic concepts of mathematics. Together with the
integral, derivative occupies a central place in calculus. The process of finding the derivative is
called differentiation. The inverse operation for differentiation is called integration.
The derivative of a function at some point characterizes the rate of change of the function at
this point. We can estimate the rate of change by calculating the ratio of change of the
function Δy to the change of the independent variable Δx. In the definition of derivative, this ratio
is considered in the limit as Δx→0. Let us turn to a more rigorous formulation.
Derivative is often described as the "instantaneous rate of change", the ratio of the
instantaneous change in the dependent variable to that of the independent variable.
DFFERENTIATION RULES
The operation of differentiation or finding the derivative of a function has the fundamental
property of linearity. This property makes taking the derivative easier for functions constructed
from the basic elementary functions using the operations of addition and multiplication by a
constant number. The basic differentiation rules allow us to compute the derivatives of such
functions without using the formal definition of the derivative. Consider these rules in more detail.
1. Constant Rule
𝒚 = 𝒄 𝒚′ = 𝟎
Example:
𝐟(𝐱) = 𝟏𝟐, 𝐟’(𝐗) = 𝟎
𝐟(𝐱) = −𝟗𝟓. 𝟕, 𝐟’(𝐱) = 𝟎
2. Power Rule
𝒚 = (𝒄)𝒙𝒏 𝒚′ = 𝒏 ∙ (𝒄)𝒙(𝒏−𝟏)
Example:
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𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟓𝒙𝟑
𝒇′ (𝒙) = (𝟐)𝟓𝒙(𝟑−𝟏)
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐
3. Sum and Difference Rule
When you want the derivative of a sum/difference of terms, take the derivative of each
term separately.
Example:
𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟕
𝒇′ (𝒙) = (𝟏)𝟒𝒙(𝟏−𝟏) + (𝟐)𝒙(𝟐−𝟏) − (𝟏)𝟑𝒙(𝟏−𝟏) − 𝟎
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙𝟎 + 𝟐𝒙𝟏 − 𝟑𝒙𝟎 − 𝟎
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏
4. Product Rule
𝒚 = (𝒖 ∙ 𝒗) 𝒚′ = 𝒖(𝒗′ ) + 𝒗(𝒖′ )
Example:
𝒇(𝒙) = (𝟒𝒙𝟒 ) ∙ (𝟑𝒙𝟐 )
𝒇′ (𝒙) = {(𝟒𝒙𝟒 ) ∙ [(𝟐) ∙ 𝟑𝒙(𝟐−𝟏) ]} + {(𝟑𝒙𝟐 ) ∙ [(𝟒) ∙ 𝟒𝒙(𝟒−𝟏) ]}
𝒇′ (𝒙) = [𝟒𝒙𝟒 ∙ 𝟔𝒙] + [𝟑𝒙𝟐 ∙ 𝟏𝟔𝒙𝟑 ]
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟐𝟒𝒙𝟓 + 𝟒𝟖𝒙𝟓
𝒇′ (𝒙) = 𝟕𝟐𝒙𝟓
5. Quotient Rule
𝒖 ′ 𝒗(𝒖′ ) − 𝒖(𝒗′ )
𝒚= 𝒚 =
𝒗 𝒗𝟐
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𝒙𝟐
𝒇(𝒙) =
𝟐𝒙
𝟐𝒙(𝟐 ∙ 𝒙(𝟐−𝟏) ) − 𝒙𝟐 (𝟐)
𝒇′ (𝒙) =
(𝟐𝒙)𝟐
𝟐𝒙(𝟐𝒙) − 𝟐𝒙𝟐
𝒇′ (𝒙) =
𝟒𝒙𝟐
𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝟏
𝒇′ (𝒙) = =
𝟒𝒙𝟐 𝟐
EVALUATION
Activity 1:
differentiate each function with respect to x. (2pts each)
1. 𝑦 = 5
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 18
3. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 5 + 𝑥
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 − 3
1
5. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 3
Activity 2:
Differentiate each function with respect to x using product rule and quotient rule. (2pts each)
1. 𝑦 = −3(3𝑥 4 − 2)
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 (−3𝑥 2 − 2)
3. 𝑦 = (2𝑥 4 − 3)(𝑥 2 + 1)
2
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−5
3𝑥 3 +2
5. 𝑦 = 3𝑥
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REFERENCES AND ADDITIONAL READINGS
PREPARED BY: Mr. Adrian D. Penago
DEPARTMENT ICT
CONTACT DETAILS 09283213264
LEARNING MODULE REVISION NUMBER 0
SEMESTER & YEAR 2nd Sem 2020-2021
Tel.: (049) 302-0477 / Mobile: 0925 868 5058 0927 446 5983
asiatechnological@[Link]
[Link]/ASIATECHofficial
[Link] Page 7 of 7