Review Notes and Sample Programs in Python
Topics Covered :
• Basic Python Programming
• Conditional Statements
• Iterative Statements
• Functions
• Arrays / Lists
1. Basic Python Programming
Python is a high-level programming language used to solve problems through clear and readable
instructions.
Basic Concepts
print("Hello, Engineering Students!")
print() displays output on the screen.
Variables
Variables store values.
length = 10
width = 5
area = length * width
print(area)
Python can store numbers, text, and results of computations.
Common data types:
int # whole number
float # decimal number
str # text
bool # True or False
1. Sample Program
Problem: Create a program that computes the area of the square.
Python Code Sample Output:
length = float(input("Enter the length: "))
Enter the length: 10
width = float(input("Enter the width: "))
Enter the width: 5
area = length * width
Area of Rectangle = 50.0
print("Area of Rectangle =", area)
Explanation :
Line 1 : Ask the user to input the length
Line 2 : Ask the user to input the width
Line 3: Compute the area
Line 4 : Display the command
2. Conditional Statements
Conditional statements allow a program to make decisions.
if condition:
statement
elif another_condition:
statement
else:
statement
Example:
grade = 85
if grade >= 75:
print("Passed")
else:
print("Failed")
2. Sample Program
Problem: Create a program that determines if a student passed or failed.
Python Code
grade = float(input("Enter your grade: ")) Sample Output:
if grade >= 75: Enter your grade: 82
print("PASSED")
PASSED
else:
print("FAILED")
Explanation :
Line 1 : Ask the user to input the grade
Line 2 : Check if the grade is passing
Line 3: Display the remarks “PASSED” if the grade is at least 75
Line 4 : Display the remarks “FAILED” if the grade is less than 77
3. Iterative Statements
Iterative statements repeat a set of instructions.
For Loop
Used when the number of repetitions is known.
for i in range(5):
print(i)
While Loop
Used while a condition is true.
count = 1
while count <= 5:
print(count)
count = count + 1
3. Sample statements
Problem: Create a program that displays numbers from 1 up to the user’s input
Python Code
# Ask the user for a number
Sample Output:
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
Enter a number: 5
# Loop from 1 to the entered number 1
for i in range(1, number + 1): 2
print(i) 3
4
5
4. Functions
Functions are reusable blocks of code.
def function_name():
statements
Example:
def greet():
print("Welcome to Python Programming")
greet()
Functions help make programs organized and easier to understand.
4. Functions
Problem: Create a function that computes the area of a triangle.
Python Code
# Create a function Sample Output:
def triangle_area(base, height):
Enter the base: 12
# Compute the area Enter the height: 8
area = (base * height) / 2 Area of Triangle = 48.0
# Return the computed area
return area
# Ask the user to input values
base = float(input("Enter the base: "))
height = float(input("Enter the height: "))
# Call the function
result = triangle_area(base, height)
# Display the result
print("Area of Triangle =", result)
5. Arrays / Lists in Python
Python uses lists to store multiple values.
scores = [85, 90, 78, 92]
print(scores[0])
Indexing starts at 0.
Common list operations:
[Link](88) # adds a value
len(scores) # counts the values
sum(scores) # gets total
5. Arrays / Lists
Problem: Create a program that accepts 5 quiz scores and computes the average.
Python Code Sample Output:
# Create an empty list
scores = [] Enter score: 85
Enter score: 90
# Repeat 5 times
for i in range(5): Enter score: 88
Enter score: 92
# Ask the user to input a score Enter score: 87
score = float(input("Enter score: "))
Scores: [85.0, 90.0, 88.0, 92.0,
# Add the score to the list 87.0]
[Link](score)
Average Score = 88.4
# Compute the average
average = sum(scores) / len(scores)
# Display all scores
print("Scores:", scores)
# Display the average
print("Average Score =", average)
Sample Problem
A Civil Engineering student wants to compute the average compressive strength of concrete
samples. The program should:
1. Accept several strength values
2. Compute the average strength
3. Determine if the concrete passed the required strength of 21 MPa
Python Code
# This function computes the average value of the concrete strengths
def compute_average(strengths):
# sum(strengths) gets the total of all values in the list
# len(strengths) counts how many values are in the list
average = sum(strengths) / len(strengths)
# The computed average is returned to the main program
return average
# This list stores the compressive strength values in MPa
concrete_strengths = [22.5, 21.8, 20.9, 23.1, 22.0]
# The function is called and the result is stored in average_strength
average_strength = compute_average(concrete_strengths)
# This line displays the computed average strength
print("Average Concrete Strength:", average_strength, "MPa")
# This conditional statement checks if the average meets the required strength
if average_strength >= 21:
# This message is displayed if the condition is true
print("Result: PASSED")
else:
# This message is displayed if the condition is false
print("Result: FAILED")
Sample Output Simulation
Average Concrete Strength: 22.06 MPa
Result: PASSED