Chapter-5: Life Processes
LEARNING POINTS
o Nutrition,
o Autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition
o How organisms obtain their nutrition
o Nutrition in humans
o Transportation in humans and transport in plants
o Excretion, excretion in humans, excretion in plants
Weightage –Difficulty level:
Difficulty level No. of questions Marks %
Easy (E) 29 52 26
Average (A) 50 106 54
Difficulty (D) 23 39 20
I. Four alternative answers are given to the following questions or incomplete statements.
Write the correct answer in alphabetical order along with the complete answer.
1. The correct statement regarding digestion that takes place in the small intestine is {D}
A. Acidic food becomes alkaline due to bile.
B. Food becomes acidic due to hydrochloric acid.
C. Starch is digested by the action of amylase.
D. Protein is digested by the action of pepsin.
2. The place where carbohydrates, proteins and fats are completely digested. {A}
A. Stomach B. Large intestine C. Small intestine D. Liver
3. Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the human body to the heart {A}
A. Arteries B. Capillaries C. Pulmonary arteries D. Veins
4. Blood vessels in the human body that carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. {A}
A. Pulmonary veins B. Aorta C. Pulmonary arteries D. Veins
5. Transport of soluble photosynthesis products in plants {A}
A. Evaporation B. Osmosis C. Diffusion D. Translocation
6. Important function of xylem in plants {A}
A. Water transport B. Food transport
C. Amino acid transport D. Oxygen transport
7. The main function of the kidney in humans is {E}
A. Nutrition B. Respiration C. Excretion D. Transport
8. The place where carbon dioxide and water are released from the breakdown of pyruvate is {A}
A. cytoplasm B. mitochondria C. chloroplast D. nucleus
9. Which of the following is a function of the kidney? {A}
A. Excretion of undigested food materials B. Excretion of urea in the form of urine
C. Excretion of carbon dioxide D. Production of hormones
10. Function of stomata. {E}
A. Exchange of gases B. Transport of water
C. Transport of food D. Transport of oxygen
11. Structural and functional unit of Kidney is {E}
A. Neuron B. Nephron C. Cell D. Muscle cell
12. A colourless, low-protein fluid in the circulatory system is {E}
A. Red blood cells B. Plasma C. Lymph D. Platelets
13. The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart is {A}
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A. Pulmonary vein B. Aorta C. Superior vena cava D. Small vessel
14. The important role of stomata in photosynthesis is {A}
A. Creating upward tension B. Absorbing carbon dioxide
C. Releasing oxygen D. Continuous transpiration.
15. Part of the excretory system that stores nitrogenous wastes dissolved in water {A}
A. Kidney B. Ureter C. Urinary bladder D. Urethra
16. Transpiration process in plant body {D}
A. Balancing the amount of oxygen and water
B. To establish a water column in the xylem tissue
C. To help in the transport of soluble photosynthesis products
D. To create osmotic pressure
17. Plants release excess water through this process. {A}
A. Transpiration B. Photosynthesis C. Respiration D. Metabolism
18. The need for suction pressure in plants is, {D}
A. To overcome the difference in ion concentration between the root and the soil
B. To transport food in two directions
C. To carry water to higher parts
D. To remove excess water from the leaves
II. Answer the following questions (one mark questions)
19. When is lactic acid produced in muscle cells? {A}
20. How is oxygen supply more efficient in birds and mammals? {D}
21. Name the products of anaerobic respiration. (JUNE -2019) {E}
22. Why do deer and rabbits have longer small intestines than tigers/lions? {D}
23. Why is the respiration rate of aquatic animals faster than that of terrestrial animals? (APR-2020) {A}
24. Write the function of the platelets. {A}
25. Name the type of transport where food material transported from the leaves to other parts? {E}
26. What is transpiration? {E}
27. What is double circulation? {E}
28. What is excretion? {E}
29. What is the function of guard cells? {A}
30. When does stomata close? {A}
31. What is the function of the air sacs or alveoli in the lungs? {A}
32. Osmotic pressure in the phloem tissues of plants helps in the transport of materials. Justify your {D}
answer
33. There is a time to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide at the beginning of respiration. Justify. {D}
34. What is the finger-like structures in the small intestine called? {E}
35. Write the function of villi? {A}
36. Humans can't digest grass like plants. Give Reason. {D}
37. Diffusion is not enough to meet the oxygen requirement in multicellular organisms Why? {D}
38. Enzymes are biological catalysts. Justify. {A}
39. What are life processes? {E}
40. Name the two types of respiration {E}
41. Name the product released when the 6-carbon molecule of glucose is broken down in cytoplasm? {E}
42. What is nutrition? {E}
43. Name the two types of vascular tissues in plants {E}
44. What is photosynthesis? {E}
45. What is cellular respiration? {E}
46. What are parasites? {E}
47. The haemoglobin content in the blood of two persons A and B is found to be 9gm/dl and 13 gm/dl {D}
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respectively. Which statement is correct regarding the oxygen supply in their body?
A) More in Person A than in B
B) More in Person B than in A
48. The schematic representation of blood circulation in the mammals is given below. {D}
a) Name the blood vessels x and y.
b) Which blood vessel has a valve?
49. State the importance of transpiration in plants. {A}
50. How does the transpiration process contributes to both transportation of water and excretion {A}
processes in plants?
III. Answer the following questions (two marks questions)
51. Draw the diagram of open stomata and label the parts. (JUNE-2019)(MAY-2025) {A}
52. The approximate lengths of the small intestines of animals x and Y are given in the table. Observe {D}
the table and answer the questions
Small intestine
Animals
length
X 20 to 40 feet
Y 5 to 8 feet
Identify the herbivorous and carnivorous animals in the table and support your conclusions with
scientific reasons.
53. Chapati tastes sweeter when chewed slowly. Why? (SEP-2020) {D}
54. Give reason: (APR-2022) {A}
a) The ventricles of the human heart have thick walls.
b) In mammals and birds, it is necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
55. Name the enzyme present in Saliva. Write its function. {E}
56. Observe the pictures given below: {D}
a) Which picture indicates a high rate of gas exchange? Why?
b) Name the parts X and Y and what is the function of the part X? (MARCH- 2023)
57. Draw a diagram of nephron and label the parts. (JUNE-2023) {A}
58. What is the function of bile juice? {E}
59. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in humans? {A}
60. The body temperature of frogs and lizards depends on the environment temperature. Justify. {D}
61. Why does the heart have different chambers? {A}
62. State the importance of double circulation. {A}
63. If humans had a three-chambered heart like a frog, then how would be the blood circulation? {D}
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64. Herbivores like sheep have long small intestines, while animals like tigers have short small {D}
intestines. Write the reason for this difference?
65. Photosynthesis does not occur in plants growing in deserts as it does in normal plants. Give reason {D}
66. What is photosynthesis? What is the product released in this process? Write the function of this {A}
product. (MAR-2020)
67. Lymph plays an important role in maintaining the body's immune system. Justify this statement. {D}
(2016)
68. Write the difference between arteries and veins. {A}
69. What is the role of hydrochloric acid in our stomach? {A}
70. How does ATP synthesize in the cells by cellular respiration in our body? Is the role of these {D}
molecules essential in the transportation of food in plants? Support your answer.
71. Mention any three strategies by which the food is taken in and used in hetrotrophs with an example {A}
for each.
IV. Answer the following questions (Three marks questions)
72. Draw a diagram showing the schematic sectional view of the human heart. Label the parts. {A}
(MAR-2020)
73. Explain the process of digestion that takes place in the small intestine of a human. (Apr-2019) {A}
74. Explain the process of transport of nutrients in plants. (Apr-2019) {A}
75. The pictures given below represent the hearts of three different animals. Observe them and answer {D}
the questions. (JUNE-2019)
Which of these hearts is useful for an animal that needs a lot of energy and why?
76. How are the functions of arteries, veins and capillaries related to each other in blood circulation? {E}
(SEP-2020)
77. How is water transported to the higher parts of a plant? Explain. (SEP-2020) {A}
78. State the differences between the circulatory systems of fish and humans. (JUNE-2022) {A}
79. Explain the stages of 'double circulation' in humans. (JUNE-2022) {E}
80. In plants, state the events that take place in photosynthesis. What are the methods used by plants {A}
to eliminate waste products?
81. a) In what form do waste products accumulate in the old xylem of plants? {A}
b) How are the products of photosynthesis transported to all parts of the plant?
82. Explain the structure and function of nephron. (MPQ 2023) {E}
83. Explain the mode of nutrition process in amoeba. {A}
84. How do the quantity of urine production in humans is controlled? {A}
85. In two animals P and Q, the small intestine is 85 feet and 15 feet long respectively, in which animal {D}
the digestion process is slow and fast? Why? Explain with suitable answer.
86. What is the role of the following enzymes in the human digestive track? {E}
i) Trypsin ii) Amylase iii) Lipase (APR-2025)
87. What are the differences between nutrition in autotrophs and nutrition in heterotrophs? {A}
88. Draw a schematic diagram showing the breakdown of glucose by various pathways. {A}
89. a) State any two methods used by plants to excrete waste products. {E}
b) Which process helps in transporting water to the higher parts of the plant? (MAY-2025)
90. a) How is urine produced in the human body? Explain. {A}
b) State the function of the following digestive juices in the human digestive track:
i) Gastric juice ii) Intestinal juice
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91. State three ways in which parasite or heterotrophs consume food and utilize. Give 3 examples. {E}
V. Answer the following questions (4 marks questions)
92. In the first stage of cellular respiration, the glucose molecule is broken down into which molecule {A}
in the cytoplasm? Mention the types of respiration and write any two differences between them.
(APRIL-2022)
93. What are the elements required for photosynthesis? State the events that take place in this process. {E}
Express this process through a balanced chemical equation. (APRIL-2022)
94. a) Compare the functions of xylem tissue with those of phloem tissue. {D}
b) Explain the process of gas exchange in plants through stomata.
95. a) How does the structure of the human heart help in the transport of oxygenated and {E}
deoxygenated Blood? Explain.
b) How is digested food absorbed into the blood in humans? Explain the function of blood in the
transport of essential substances.
96. Name the components of blood and write their functions. {A}
97. Briefly explain the role of haemoglobin pigments in our blood. {A}
98. a) Compare the air sacs in the lungs and the nephrons in the kidneys on the basis of structure and {E}
function.
b) The muscle cramps occur in the legs of a football player due to continuous practice. Give a
suitable reason.
99. a) What is anaerobic respiration? What are the products produced in this process? {A}
b) What is double circulation? How is this type of blood circulation useful in birds and mammals?
100. What are the advantages that terrestrial animals have compared to aquatic animals in terms of {A}
obtaining oxygen for respiration?
101. How are the lungs designed in humans to increase the area for gas exchange? {A}
VI. Answer the following questions (5 marks questions)
102. a) How is glucose converted into energy molecules in aerobic respiration? What is the role of {A}
stomata in the process of respiration in plants?
b) What are the different excretion methods found in plants? (AUG-2024)
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