SOLUTION

1.1 Types of Solutions

1. Homogeneous mixture of two or more than two 16. What will be the molality of a solution of glucose in
components is called water which is 10% w/w?
(a) solute (b) solvent (a) 0.01 m (b) 0.617 m (c) 0.668 m (d) 1.623m
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) solution 17. 34.2 g of sugar was dissolved in water to produce 214.2
2. Which of the following is/are incorrect match? g of sugar syrup. The molality and mole fraction of sugar in
(I) Camphor in nitrogen gas – Gaseous solution the syrup are respectively (C = 12, H = 1, O = 16)
(II) Hydrogen in palladium – Liquid solution (a) 0.224 m, 0.002 (b) 0.05 m, 0.02
(III) Chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas – Gaseous solution (c) 0.556 m, 0.0099 (d) 0.05 m, 0.99
(a) I and II (b) II and III 18. What is the mass of urea required for making 2.5 kg of
(c) II only (d) I and III 0.25 molal aqueous solution?
3. In amalgam of mercury with sodium, solvent is (a) 37 g (b) 25 g (c) 125 g (d) 27.5 g
(a) mercury (b) sodium 19. Concentration terms like mass percentage, ppm, mole
(c) amalgam (d) none of these fraction and molality do not depend on temperature.
1.2 Expressing Concentration of Solutions However, molarity is a function of temperature because
4. What is the mass percentage of carbon tetrachloride if 22 (a) volume depends on temperature and molarity involves
g of benzene is dissolved in 122 g of carbon tetrachloride? volume
(a) 84.72% (b) 15.28% (c) 50% (d) 44% (b) molarity involves non-volatile solute while all other terms
5. A solution is obtained by mixing 200 g of 30% and 300 g involve volatile solute
of 20% solution by weight. What is the percentage of solute (c) number of moles of solute change with change in
in the final solution? temperature
(a) 50% (b) 28% (c) 64% (d) 24% (d) molarity is used for polar solvents only.
6. Express the terms representing the following formulae: 1.3 Solubility
(i)No. of moles of solute / Volume of solution in litres = (W) 20. Solubility of a substance is its maximum amount that
(ii)No. of moles of solute / Mass of solvent in kg = (X) can be dissolved in a specified amount of solvent. It
(iii)No. of moles of component/ Moles in the solution= (Y) depends upon
(iv)Mass of component/Mass of solution= (Z) (i) nature of solute (ii) nature of solvent
W X Y Z (iii) temperature (iv) pressure
(a) Only (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) Only (i), (iii) and (iv)
(a) Molality Molarity Mass fraction Mole fraction
(c) Only (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(b) Molarity Molality Mass fraction Mole fraction 21. During dissolution when solute is added to solvent,
(c) Molarity Molality Mole fraction Mass fraction some solute particles separate out from the solution as a
(d) Molality Molarity Mole fraction Mass fraction result of crystallisation. At the stage of equilibrium, the
concentration of solute in the solution at a given
7. If 1.04 g of BaCl₂ is present in 10⁵ g of solution, the
temperature and pressure
concentration of solution is
(a) increases (b) decreases
(a) 0.104 ppm (b) 10.4 ppm
(c) remains constant (d) keeps changing
(c) 0.0104 ppm (d) 104 ppm
22.
8. What will be the mole fraction of ethanol in a sample of
23. The law which indicates the relationship between
spirit containing 85% ethanol by mass?
solubility of a gas in liquid and pressure is ____
(a) 0.69 (b) 0.82 (c) 0.85 (d) 0.60
(a) Raoult’s law (b) Henry’s law
9. What is the mole fraction of glucose in 10% w/w glucose
(c) lowering of vapour pressure (d) van’t Hoff law
solution?
24. According to Henry’s law the partial pressure of the gas
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.02 (c) 0.03 (d) 0.04
in vapour phase (p) is proportional to the mole fraction of
10. What is the molarity of a solution containing 10 g of
the gas (x) in the solution. For different gases the correct
NaOH in 500 mL of solution?
statement about Henry’s constant is
(a) 0.25 mol L⁻¹ (b) 0.75 mol L⁻¹
(a) higher the value of (KH) at a given pressure, higher is
(c) 0.5 mol L⁻¹ (d) 1.25 mol L⁻¹
the solubility of the gas
11. What will be the molarity of 30 mL of 0.5 M H₂SO₄
(b) higher the value of (KH) at a given pressure, lower is the
solution diluted to 500 mL?
solubility of the gas
(a) 0.3 M (b) 0.03 M (c) 3 M (d) 0.103 M
(c) (KH) is not a function of nature of gas
12. How many Na⁺ ions are present in 100 mL of 0.25 M
(d) (KH) value for all gases is same at a given pressure
NaCl solution?
25. The value of Henry’s law constant for some gases at
(a) 0.025 × 10²³ (b) 1.505 × 10²²
293 K is given below. Arrange the gases in increasing order
(c) 15 × 10²² (d) 2.5 × 10²³
of their solubility.
13. How many grams of NaOH are present in 250 mL of 0.5
He : 144.97 kbar, H₂ : 69.16 kbar
M NaOH solution?
N₂ : 76.48 kbar O₂ : 34.86 kbar
(a) 7.32 g (b) 3.8 g (c) 5 g (d) 0.5 g
(a) He < N₂ < H₂ < O₂ (b) O₂ < N₂ < H₂ < He
14. 250 mL of sodium carbonate solution contains 2.65 g of
(c) H₂ < N₂ < O₂ < He (d) He < O₂ < N₂ < H₂
Na₂CO₃. If 10 mL of this solution is diluted to 500 mL, the
26. H₂S is a toxic gas used in qualitative analysis. If
concentration of the diluted acid will be
solubility of H₂S in water at STP is 0.195 m, what is the
(a) 0.01 M (b) 0.001 M (c) 0.05 M (d) 0.002 M
value of (K_H)?
15. The density of a solution prepared by dissolving 120 g
(a) 0.0263 bar (b) 69.16 bar
of urea (mol. mass = 60) in 1000 g of water is 1.15 g mL⁻¹.
(c) 192 bar (d) 28.2 bar
The molarity of this solution is
(a) 1.78 M (b) 1.02 M (c) 2.05 M (d) 0.50 M
27. Henry’s law constant for molality of methane in benzene 1.5 Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions
at 298 K is (4.27 \times 10^5) mm Hg. The mole fraction of [Link] a binary ideal liquid solution, the total pressure of the
methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg is ______. solution is given as______
(a) 1.78 × 10⁻³ (b) 17.43 (c) 0.114 (d) 2.814 [Link] of the following is not an ideal solution?
[Link] a gas is bubbled through water at 298 K, a very (a) Benzene and toluene (b) H₂O and C₂H₅OH
dilute solution of the gas is formed. Henry's law constant for (c) C₂H₅Br and C₂H₅I (d) n-hexane and n-heptane
the gas is 100 kbar. If gas exerts a pressure of 1 bar, the [Link] are the conditions for an ideal solution which
number of moles of gas dissolved in 1 litre of water is obeys Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration?
(a) 0.555 (b) 55.55 × 10⁻⁵ (a) (ΔmixH = 0), (ΔmixV = 0), (Ptotal = P0AXA + P0BXB)
(c) 55.55 × 10⁻³ (d) 5.55 × 10⁻⁵ (b) (ΔmixH = +ve), (ΔmixV = 0), (Ptotal = P0AXA + P0BXB)
[Link] much oxygen is dissolved in 100 mL water at 298 K (c) (ΔmixH = 0), (ΔmixV = +ve), (Ptotal = P0AXA + P0BXB)
if partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm and (KH = 1.4 × 10-3) (d) (ΔmixH = 0), (ΔmixV = 0), (Ptotal = P0BXB)
mol/L atm ?
(a) 22.4 mg (b) 22.4 g (c) 2.24 g (d) 2.24 mg [Link] H₂SO₄ is added to water, the solution
[Link] high altitudes the partial pressure of oxygen is less (a) shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law
than that at the ground level. This leads to (b) shows negative deviation
(a) low concentrations of oxygen in the blood and tissues (c) shows ideal solution properties
(b) high concentrations of oxygen in the blood and tissues (d) is not stable
(c) release of dissolved gases and formation of bubbles of 41. Intermolecular forces between n-hexane and n-heptane
nitrogen in the blood are nearly same as between hexane and heptane
(d) thickening of blood and tissues individually. When these two are mixed, which of the
1.4 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions following is not true about the solution formed?
[Link] pressure of a solution component is directly (a) It obeys Raoult’s law i.e. (PA = P0AXA and PB=P0BXB)
proportional to its mole fraction. This is known as (b) (ΔmixH = 0) (c) (ΔmixV = 0)
(a) Henry’s law (b) Raoult’s law (d) It forms minimum boiling azeotrope
(c) distribution law (d) Ostwald’s dilution law 42. Study the figures given below and mark the correct
32.3 moles of P and 2 moles of Q are mixed, what will be statement.
their total vapour pressure in the solution if their partial
vapour pressures are 80 and 60 torr respectively?
(a) 80 torr (b) 140 torr (c) 72 torr (d) 70 torr
33.

Ptotal= X
V.P

(a) (i) Nitric acid + Water, (ii) Acetone + Ethyl alcohol

(b) (i) Water + Ethyl alcohol, (ii) Acetone + Benzene
(X2 = (Y) mole fraction (X2 = (Z) (c) (i) Acetone + Ethyl alcohol, (ii) Acetone + Chloroform
X, Y and Z in the above graph are (d) (i) Benzene + Chloroform, (ii) Acetone + Chloroform
(a) X = (P1 + P2), Y = 1, Z = 0 43. When acetone and chloroform are mixed together,
(b) X = (P1 + P2), Y = 0, Z = 1 hydrogen bonds are formed between them. Which of the
(c) X = (P1 + P2), Y = 0, Z = 1 following statements is correct about the solution made by
(d) X = (P1 + P2), Y = 1, Z = 0 mixing acetone and chloroform?
[Link] the following substances the lowest vapour (a) Mixing acetone and chloroform will form an ideal
pressure is exerted by solution.
(a) water (b) alcohol (c) ether (d) mercury (b) On mixing acetone and chloroform positive deviation is
[Link] pressure of chloroform (CHCl₃) and shown since the vapour pressure increases.
dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) at 298 K are 200 mm Hg and (c) On mixing acetone and chloroform negative deviation is
415 mm Hg respectively. Calculate the vapour pressure of shown since there is decrease in vapour pressure.
the solution prepared by mixing 25.5 g of CHCl₃ and 40 g of (d) At a specific composition acetone and chloroform will
CH₂Cl₂ at 298 K. form minimum boiling azeotrope.
(a) 247.9 mm Hg (b) 724.9 mm Hg 44. When acetone and chloroform are mixed together,
(c) 347.9 mm Hg (d) 927.3 mm Hg which of the following observations is correct?(A) Acetone
[Link] three beakers labelled as (A), (B), and (C), 100 mL of (B) Chloroform
water, 100 mL of 1 M solution of glucose in water and 100 (a) A–A and B–B interactions are stronger than A–B
mL of 0.5 M solution of glucose in water are taken interactions.
respectively and kept at same temperature. (b) A–A and B–B interactions are weaker than A–B
Which of the following statements is correct? interactions.
(a) Vapour pressure in all the three beakers is same. (c) A–A, B–B and A–B interactions are equal.
(b) Vapour pressure of beaker B is highest. (d) The liquids form separate layers and are immiscible.
(c) Vapour pressure of beaker C is highest. 45. Few mixtures formed by mixing two components are
(d) Vapour pressure of beaker B is lower than that of C and given. Which of the following binary mixtures will have
vapour pressure of beaker C is lower than A. same composition in liquid and vapour phase?
(i) Ethanol + Chloroform (ii) Nitric acid + Water
(iii) Benzene + Toluene (iv) Ethyl chloride + Ethyl bromide