fClass 9 Biology – Chapter 1: The

Fundamental Unit of Life

MCQs (1–100)
1. Who discovered the cell?
A. Robert Brown
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C. Robert Hooke
D. Schleiden
Answer: C
2. In which year was the cell discovered?
A. 1655
B. 1665
C. 1675
D. 1685
Answer: B
3. The basic structural and functional unit of life is:
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. Organ system
Answer: C
4. Which organism is unicellular?
A. Human
B. Amoeba
C. Frog
D. Mango tree
Answer: B
5. Which cell organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
6. Cell wall is present in:
A. Animal cell
B. Plant cell
C. Both A and B
 D. None
Answer: B
7. Plasma membrane is also known as:
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Protoplasm
Answer: B
8. Which of the following is not a cell organelle?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Tissue
D. Nucleus
Answer: C
9. Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane is called:
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Translocation
Answer: B
10. Diffusion occurs due to:
A. Energy
B. Concentration gradient
C. Pressure
D. Enzymes
Answer: B
11. The nucleus was discovered by:
A. Robert Hooke
B. Robert Brown
C. Schwann
D. Golgi
Answer: B
12. Which organelle controls all activities of the cell?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Ribosome
C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
13. Chromosomes are made up of:
A. RNA
B. DNA and protein
C. Protein only
D. Lipids
Answer: B
14. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
 B. Lysosome
C. Vacuole
D. Plastid
Answer: A
15. Lysosomes are known as:
A. Powerhouse
B. Suicide bags
C. Brain of cell
D. Storehouse
Answer: B
16. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
17. Golgi apparatus was discovered by:
A. Robert Brown
B. Camillo Golgi
C. Hooke
D. Schwann
Answer: B
18. Golgi apparatus helps in:
A. Respiration
B. Packaging and transport
C. Photosynthesis
D. Digestion
Answer: B
19. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi body
C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole
Answer: B
20. Endoplasmic reticulum helps in:
A. Protein and lipid synthesis
B. Respiration
C. Digestion
D. Excretion
Answer: A
21. Rough endoplasmic reticulum has:
A. Ribosomes
B. Plastids
C. DNA
D. Vacuoles
Answer: A
22. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps in:
A. Protein synthesis
B. Lipid synthesis
C. Photosynthesis
D. Respiration
Answer: B
23. Which organelle is absent in animal cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Cell wall
D. Ribosome
Answer: C
24. Plastids are present in:
A. Animal cells
B. Plant cells
C. Bacterial cells
D. Fungal cells
Answer: B
25. Which plastid is green in colour?
A. Chromoplast
B. Leucoplast
C. Chloroplast
D. Amyloplast
Answer: C
26. Chlorophyll is present in:
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplast
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
27. Photosynthesis occurs in:
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
28. Leucoplast stores:
A. Pigments
B. Food
C. Enzymes
D. Proteins only
Answer: B
29. Vacuole in plant cell helps in:
A. Protein synthesis
B. Storage and turgidity
C. Respiration
 D. Photosynthesis
Answer: B
30. The fluid present inside the cell is called:
A. Plasma
B. Cytoplasm
C. Protoplasm
D. Sap
Answer: B
31. Prokaryotic cells lack:
A. Cell membrane
B. Cytoplasm
C. True nucleus
D. Ribosomes
Answer: C
32. Bacteria are:
A. Multicellular
B. Eukaryotic
C. Prokaryotic
D. Saprophytic
Answer: C
33. Eukaryotic cells have:
A. No nucleus
B. True nucleus
C. No organelles
D. No DNA
Answer: B
34. Osmosis occurs only through:
A. Thick membrane
B. Cell wall
C. Semi-permeable membrane
D. Fully permeable membrane
Answer: C
35. A solution with higher concentration is called:
A. Hypotonic
B. Isotonic
C. Hypertonic
D. Neutral
Answer: C
36. When a cell is placed in hypotonic solution, it:
A. Shrinks
B. Bursts/swells
C. Remains same
D. Dies
Answer: B
37. Shrinkage of cell in hypertonic solution is called:
A. Osmosis
 B. Diffusion
C. Plasmolysis
D. Turgidity
Answer: C
38. Cell wall is made up of:
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Cellulose
D. Chitin
Answer: C
39. The smallest living cell is:
A. Amoeba
B. RBC
C. Bacteria
D. Mycoplasma
Answer: D
40. Which cell lacks nucleus in humans?
A. Nerve cell
B. RBC
C. WBC
D. Muscle cell
Answer: B
41. Mitochondria have their own:
A. Ribosome only
B. DNA only
C. DNA and ribosomes
D. Nucleus
Answer: C
42. The outer boundary of animal cell is:
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Tonoplast
Answer: B
43. Which organelle is involved in detoxification?
A. SER
B. RER
C. Ribosome
D. Nucleus
Answer: A
44. Ribosomes are made of:
A. DNA
B. RNA and protein
C. Lipids
D. Cellulose
Answer: B
45. The term cell was given by:
A. Schwann
B. Hooke
C. Brown
D. Virchow
Answer: B
46. Cell theory was proposed by:
A. Hooke and Brown
B. Schleiden and Schwann
C. Darwin and Lamarck
D. Mendel and Morgan
Answer: B
47. Virchow added that:
A. Cells are basic unit
B. Cells arise from pre-existing cells
C. Cells contain nucleus
D. Cells have membrane
Answer: B
48. Plant cells are usually:
A. Round
B. Irregular
C. Rectangular
D. Oval
Answer: C
49. Animal cells are usually:
A. Rectangular
B. Square
C. Irregular
D. Fixed shape
Answer: C
50. Which organelle is called kitchen of the cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
C. Golgi body
D. Ribosome
Answer: B
51. Cell membrane is made up of:
A. Protein only
B. Lipid only
C. Lipid and protein
D. Cellulose
Answer: C
52. Tonoplast is the membrane of:
A. Nucleus
B. Vacuole
C. Chloroplast
 D. Mitochondria
Answer: B
53. Which is a dead cell?
A. RBC
B. Xylem vessel
C. Nerve cell
D. Muscle cell
Answer: B
54. The process requiring energy is:
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Passive transport
Answer: C
55. Cell inclusions are:
A. Living
B. Non-living
C. Organelles
D. Nucleus
Answer: B
56. Which organelle is absent in prokaryotes?
A. Ribosome
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoplasm
Answer: C
57. Genetic material in bacteria is:
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Protein
D. Lipid
Answer: A
58. Which plastid provides colour to fruits?
A. Chloroplast
B. Leucoplast
C. Chromoplast
D. Amyloplast
Answer: C
59. Cell sap is present in:
A. Nucleus
B. Vacuole
C. Cytoplasm
D. Mitochondria
Answer: B
60. Which organelle helps in cell division?
A. Centrosome
 B. Ribosome
C. Vacuole
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
61. Centrosome is present in:
A. Plant cells only
B. Animal cells only
C. Both
D. None
Answer: B
62. The smallest unit of life capable of independent existence is:
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. Organ system
Answer: C
63. Which organelle has double membrane?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
64. Cristae are found in:
A. Chloroplast
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
65. Stroma is found in:
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole
Answer: B
66. Grana are stacks of:
A. Thylakoids
B. Cristae
C. Ribosomes
D. Vesicles
Answer: A
67. Which is a semi-permeable membrane?
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Tonoplast
Answer: B
68. Which cell organelle is involved in secretion?
A. Golgi body
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Nucleus
Answer: A
69. Cytoplasm does not contain:
A. Organelles
B. Enzymes
C. DNA
D. Salts
Answer: C
70. Which solution causes plasmolysis?
A. Hypotonic
B. Isotonic
C. Hypertonic
D. Neutral
Answer: C
71. Cell wall provides:
A. Shape and protection
B. Respiration
C. Protein synthesis
D. Transport
Answer: A
72. Which cell has the longest length?
A. Muscle cell
B. Nerve cell
C. RBC
D. WBC
Answer: B
73. Which is called the brain of the cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
74. Cell membrane allows:
A. All substances
B. No substance
C. Selective entry
D. Only water
Answer: C
75. Which plastid stores starch?
A. Chloroplast
B. Chromoplast
C. Amyloplast
 D. Elaioplast
Answer: C
76. Which organelle is absent in mature RBC?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Cytoplasm
Answer: B
77. Living content of cell is called:
A. Cytoplasm
B. Protoplasm
C. Cell sap
D. Plasma
Answer: B
78. Which cell organelle has no membrane?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi body
D. Lysosome
Answer: B
79. Which is an example of eukaryotic cell?
A. Bacteria
B. Virus
C. Plant cell
D. Mycoplasma
Answer: C
80. Virus is considered:
A. Living
B. Non-living
C. Both living and non-living
D. Dead
Answer: C
81. Cell membrane is flexible due to:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Cellulose
D. Starch
Answer: B
82. The site of cellular respiration is:
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Chloroplast
D. Nucleus
Answer: B
83. Which organelle digests worn-out organelles?
A. Ribosome
 B. Lysosome
C. Vacuole
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
84. Which is called storage plastid?
A. Chloroplast
B. Chromoplast
C. Leucoplast
D. Thylakoid
Answer: C
85. Which structure separates nucleus from cytoplasm?
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Tonoplast
Answer: C
86. Nuclear membrane is:
A. Single layered
B. Double layered
C. Triple layered
D. Absent
Answer: B
87. Which cell organelle contains pores?
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
88. Which organelle forms spindle fibres?
A. Centrosome
B. Ribosome
C. Vacuole
D. Golgi body
Answer: A
89. The fluid mosaic model explains structure of:
A. Cell wall
B. Nucleus
C. Cell membrane
D. Cytoplasm
Answer: C
90. Which organelle is rich in enzymes?
A. Lysosome
B. Vacuole
C. Ribosome
D. Chloroplast
Answer: A
91. Which cell organelle is absent in plant cells?
A. Centrosome
B. Vacuole
C. Plastid
D. Cell wall
Answer: A
92. Which solution keeps cell unchanged?
A. Hypotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Isotonic
D. Saturated
Answer: C
93. Which cell organelle helps in lipid synthesis?
A. RER
B. SER
C. Golgi body
D. Lysosome
Answer: B
94. Ribosomes are found on:
A. RER
B. SER
C. Golgi body
D. Vacuole
Answer: A
95. Which cell structure gives rigidity to plant cell?
A. Plasma membrane
B. Cytoplasm
C. Cell wall
D. Vacuole
Answer: C
96. Which organelle stores water?
A. Nucleus
B. Vacuole
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
97. Which cell organelle is involved in inheritance?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Golgi body
Answer: B
98. Which part of mitochondria contains enzymes?
A. Outer membrane
B. Inner membrane
C. Matrix
 D. Cristae only
Answer: C
99. Which plastid stores oils?
A. Amyloplast
B. Elaioplast
C. Proteinoplast
D. Chromoplast
Answer: B
100. Which statement is correct?
A. All cells have cell wall
B. All cells have nucleus
C. All cells arise from pre-existing cells
D. All cells are multicellular
Answer: C

✅ Completed: 100/100 MCQs

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