Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
ʻMatrix ʻAlgebra ee kipurn koanliam (V)
Alex C.-L. Chou
周 志隆
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The Inverse of
Non-square Matrices
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The left inverse of a non-square matrix
Consider a non-square matrix M of dimension . If a left inverse
of M exists and is denoted as , then
**The left inverse of a matrix
may not exist.
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example
Assum that the left inverse is
There are 9 independent
No sultions for equations for 6 variables.
Typically, it leads to no
solutions.
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example
Assum that
the left inverse is
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The right inverse of a non-square matrix
Consider a non-square matrix M of dimension . If a right inverse
of M exists and is denoted as , then
**The right inverse of a matrix
may not exist.
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example
Assum that the right inverse is
There are 4 independent
equations for 6 variables.
Typically, it leads to
infinitely many solutions.
b is an arbitrary constant
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The Inverse of
square Matrices
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Left/Right inverse for square matrices
Consider a square matrix M of dimension . If both its left inverse
and right inverse exist, then the inverses must equal.
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Necessary condition for the inverse of a square matrix
If a square M has an inverse, then
From
If a square matrix has zero determinant, then it has no inverse.
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example Non-invertible squae matrices
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Useful identities for inverse operation
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The inverse of a square matrix
Example
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Method of
Gaussian Elimination
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example
Using M and I, an augmented matrix A is bulit
After doing a series of row operations, the matrix A is transformed in to
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
E1(1/3)
E2(1/2)
E21(-1)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
E12(4)
E2(-6)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Example
E2(1/2)
E31(-1)
E21(-1)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
E23(-3/2)
E13(2)
E2(2/3)
E3(-1)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
Solving a set of
Linear Equations
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
A set of linear equations
A set of linear euqtions is written as
Inverse matrix
Basic Concepts in Matrix Algebra (V)
The End