English for Architecture IIII
HYPOTHETICAL
SOLUTIONS TO
CONSTRUCTION
ERRORS
During Construction and Building Use
Presented by 6AM3
Díaz Santos Guillermo TEAM 7
González García Rocío 2026-2
Lauriani Hernandez Vico Emiliano Teacher:
Mandujano Serapio Regina Juan Gómez Helguera
Reyes Morales Karen Adanari
Sandoval Sánchez Danna Mayrín
TEAM 7
HYPOTHETICAL
SOLUTIONS IN
CONSTRUCTION
Hypothetical solutions in construction are theoretical
proposals that would be put forward to correct errors
or faults within a project. They would not be based on
a specific real case, but rather on technical
knowledge, experience and design criteria.
Objective
Anticipate possible problems
Propose solutions in advance
Act during early stages
TEAM 7
CHARACTERISTICS
OF HYPOTHETICAL
SOLUTIONS
General ideas that can be used in different situations
Based on theory, rules and past experience
Flexible and adaptable to different conditions
Focused on viable and realistic options
Help to prevent problems before they happen
Used as a guide for decision-making
Not always final solutions, but initial proposals
TEAM 7
IMPORTANCE OF
SOLUTIONS IN
CONSTRUCTION
They guarantee structural
safety
If an appropriate solution were applied,
failures such as collapses or cracks They optimize resources
would be avoided. If proper solutions were used, costs,
materials, and execution time would be
They improve functionality reduced.
If proper solutions were implemented, They comply with regulations
spaces would be more efficient and
habitable. If appropriate solutions were applied,
the project would meet official codes
They reduce risks
and standards.
If effective solutions were applied,
construction errors and accidents
would be minimized.
TEAM 7
CONTEXT OF CONSTRUCTION IN MEXICO
FACTORS IMPACT
High seismicity Mandatory seismic design
Climatic diversity Use of specific materials
Urban growth High housing demand
Economic inequality Presence of self-
construction
Regulations (e.g. codes
Quality and safety
and NOM)
regulation
TEAM 7
FACTORS THAT CAUSE
CONSTRUCTION ERRORS
Lack of supervision on site
Use of inadequate or low-quality materials
Unskilled or untrained labour
Self-construction without professional advice
Errors in the design stage
Misinterpretation of drawings
Time pressure or cost reduction
Lack of quality control
Poor communication between professionals
Site conditions not considered (soil, climate, environment)
TEAM 7
SOLUTION PROCESS
(DETECTION,
ANALYSIS AND
PROPOSAL)
1 . DETECTION
Identify the problem, where
3. PROPOSAL
it appears and how it affects
the construction Suggest a solution that
fits the project conditions
(safety, cost, stage)
2. ANALYSIS
Understand the cause of
the error (design,
execution or materials)
TEAM 7
GENERAL TYPES OF
ERRORS IN
CONSTRUCTION
If proper design had been carried out, construction errors
would not have started from the design stage.
DESIGN MATERIAL
ERRORS ERRORS
STRUCTURAL EXECUTION
ERRORS ERRORS (LABOR)
SUPERVISION ERRORS DUE TO LACK
ERRORS OF REGULATIONS
INSTALLATION
ERRORS
They allow problems to be anticipated before construction.
S They help evaluate different options.
C
O They reduce costs by avoiding real errors.
P
E They can be applied in models, simulations, or plans.
They encourage innovation in design and structure.
L
They do not always reflect real conditions (climate, soil, labor). I
M
They depend on the quality of data and assumptions. I
T
HYPOTHETICAL They can be difficult to apply on site. A
T
SOLUTIONS They do not consider human errors during execution. I
They require validation through real tests.
O
N
S
TEAM 7
DURING THE
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
Errors in construction during the building process are common
and can cause delays, extra costs, or structural risks. Here are
some hypothetical solutions for the most frequent ones.
Poor planning Structural cracks
Foundation mistakes Installation errors
Faulty materials Safety risks
Team coordination issues Poor material storage
TEAM 7 SOLUTIONS
When faulty materials are
The understanding identified, is required to
geotechnical data, halt work and secure the
ensuring that soil bearing site. The defect must be
Conduct detailed planning capacity and settlement documented with technical
from the outset, with risks are derived from evidence to formally notify
precise timelines, proper actual site tests. During the stakeholders and trigger
resource allocation, and execution phase, must warranties. Ultimately, an
risk assessment. Buildpeer create clear reinforcement expert assessment
provides tools to create drawings that allow for determines if the solution
and adjust schedules in proper concrete requires targeted repair or
real time, keeping teams placement and full replacement, ensuring
aligned and ready to considering the physical all standards are met
respond to any unexpected constraints of the site, such before construction
changes. as neighboring structures. resumes.
Poor planning Foundation mistakes Faulty materials
TEAM 7 SOLUTIONS
Exist techniques like epoxy
injections for bonding
concrete fissures to
Define a chain of stitching for reinforcing Prioritize immediate
command and a masonry walls with metal transparency and expert-
communication method to rods. For deeper issues, led remediation to prevent
ensure information underpinning stabilizes structural or utility damage.
reaches the right people foundations affected by soil Then document the error,
through the right channels. movement, while flexi- adjusting schedules for
Continuous skills training cabling applies tension to high-quality repairs, and
serves as the final pillar, close and reinforce large- updating quality control
equipping professionals to scale concrete cracks. protocols. For last, use
navigate complex, high- Together, these methods monitoring technology,
stress environments with effectively restore a readiness checklists, and
clarity and professional building's structural integrity certified labor to prevent
precision. and aesthetic finish. these issues from recurring.
Team coordination issues Structural cracks Installation errors
TEAM 7 SOLUTIONS
Implement designated
To mitigate construction storage zones and Just-in-
risks, implement a Time (JIT) delivery to minimize
proactive safety strategy on-site clutter. Protect assets
combining rigorous worker by using weatherproofing,
training, consistent PPE raised platforms, and digital
enforcement, and inventory tracking to prevent
advanced technology like damage or loss. By enforcing
BIM or drones for hazard strict organization and safety
identification. Also using a protocols, you ensure clear
reporting culture to ensure access, reduce waste, and
the safety of the workers. improve overall site efficiency.
Safety risks Poor material storage
TEAM 7
ADOPTING SMART
SAFETY SOLUTIONS
Wearable Devices Gas Sensors AI Monitoring
TEAM 7
DURING THE USE OF
THE BUILDING
This stage focuses on functionality and
maintenance once the building is completed and
occupied. The main challenge lies in proposing
hypothetical solutions to intervene in a "living
structure" without disrupting daily activities or
displacing users. At this point, the analysis shifts
toward long-term durability and correcting
deficiencies that only become apparent through
daily interaction with the property.
TEAM 7
FUNTIONAL AND
PERFORMANCE
FAILURES
This category of errors manifests when the
architectural design fails to fulfill its primary
purpose: serving the user efficiently. Unlike a
structural error, a functional failure is not always
evident upon project handover; it often requires the
building to be "live" and operating at full capacity for
issues like overcrowding, thermal discomfort, or
poor acoustics to surface.
TEAM 7
Lighting and ventilation
Environmental comfort depends on passive
strategies. If the facade had solar protection
elements, the internal temperature would be
much more pleasant.
Spatial distribution
Poor planning creates inefficient routes.
If the design were more fluid, users would move
around more freely.
TEAM 7
Technical installations
Infrastructure must adapt to new needs. If the
electrical system had modern components, it
could support a higher energy demand.
Thermal and acoustic deficiencies
The envelope is the barrier against noise and
weather. If the walls had high-density insulation,
the building would be better protected from the
outside.
TEAM 7
DETERIORATION
AND INADEQUATE
MAINTENANCE IN
BUILDINGS
Deterioraton in a building is a natural process that occurs
over time; however, it would not become critical if proper
maintenance were carried out. Under ideal conditions, a
building is designed to remain functional for decades.
The problem arises when, during its use, adequate
maintenance strategies are not applied. Small issue, such as
cracks or leaks, can evolve into major failures. If buildings
were properly maintained, many of these problems would be
prevented before they became serious. Therefore,
deterioration depends not only on design and construction,
but also on how the building is used and maintained.
TEAM 7
CAUSES OF DETERIORATION
DUE TO INADEQUATE
MAINTENANCE
Lack of periodic Deterioration of Incorrect use of the
maintenance materials and finishes building
TEAM 7
TYPES OF DETERIORATION
IN BUILDINGS
Physical deterioration Biological deterioration
If visible damage such as If moisture were controlled, the
cracks were addressed early, it growth of fungi and bacteria
would not progress further. would be prevented.
Chemical deterioration Structural deterioration
If materials were protected If structural issues had been
from chemical reactions, their detected in time, serious failures or
resistance would not decrease. collapses could have been avoided.
Mandatory preventive maintenance
If maintenance programs were enforced,
building conditions would improve significantly.
Use of durable materials
If more resistant materials were used,
deterioration would occur more slowly.
Monitoring systems
If sensors and monitoring systems were
installed, failures could be detected earlier.
HYPOTHETICAL
SOLUTIONS Maintenance-oriented design
If buildings were designed with maintenance in
mind, repairs would be easier and more
efficient.
TEAM 7
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
TIME