COMPUTER
SCIENCE
CHAPTER -01
COMPUTER SYSTEM
NCERT SOLUTIONS
1. Name the software required to make a computer
functional .Write down its two primary services.
Software Required to make a computer
Functional is called the Operating
System(OS)
The main functions of Operating System:
Process management
Memory management
File management
Device management
2. How does the computer understand a program
written in high level language?
Ans : The computer understand a program written
in high leve language using a translator like
compiler & interpreter
3. Why is the execution time of the machine code
less than that of source code?
Ans : Source code takes more time because it first
needs to be converted into machine code while.
Machine code runs instantly because it is already
in the format the CPU understands.
4. What is the need of RAM? How does it differ from
ROM?
Ans : RAM is needed to temporaarily store the data
& programs while your computer is on, so that it
can work faster & handle multiple tasks at the
same time .
write the difference between them
5. What is the need for secondary memory?
Ans : Secondary memory is needed to store the
data & programs safely & permanently ,even when
the power is off.
6. How do different components of the computer
communicate with each other?
Ans : Computer components communicate through
buses (data , address , control)
7. Draw the block diagram of a computer system.
Briefly write about the functionality of each
Input Device Output Device
The device which control
component. The device which recieve data
signals are sent to a computer Secondary from a computer for display
Storage Devices
Primary
Input Device Memory Output Device
Primary Memory Secondary Memory
Control Unit
It stores the data & instructions It stores the data & instructions
CU
temporarily when the power is permanently when the power is
on Arithmetic Logic off
Control Unit(CU) Unit (ALU) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Controls sequential It performs Arithmetic & Logic
instructions & data flow in the Central Processing Opertations that need to be
Unit CPU done as per the instructions
memory
8. What is the primary role of system bus? Why is data
bus is bidirectional while address bus is unidirectional?
Ans : To carry data, addresses & control signals between
the cpu & other components .
(like RAM, hard drive, input/output devices).
Data bus is bidirectional because :
The CPU cn send data to memory
The CPU can also recieve data from memory
Address bus is unidirectional because :
Only the CPU sends addresses to memory or I/O
devices.
Other devices do not send addresses back to the CPU
9. Differentiate between proprietary software and
freeware software. Name two software for each type.
10. Write the main difference between microcontroller
and microprocessor. Why do smart home appliances
have a microcontroller instead of microprocessor
embedded in them? Smart appliances
Microcontroller Microprocessor use
microocontrollers
A microcontroller is a specialized A microcontroller is designed to
form of a microprocessor. be general- [Link] they are
small, low-power,
It is cost effective. It is a silicon chip. cost-effective
&ideal for simple
It is self sufficient. It is a dependent unit. ,specific task-
The microcontroller is used toThe microprocessor is used to unlike
perform a particular tasks. perform a certain tasks. microprocessors,
11. Mention the different types of data that you deal
with while browsing the Internet
Ans : When you browse the internet ,ypu are dealing
with text , images , videos , audio , links , cookies &
more.
12. Categorise the following data as structured, semi
structured and unstructured:
• Newspaper - Unstructured
• Cricket Match Score - Structured
• HTML Page - Semi structured
• Patient records in a hospital -Structured
13. Name the input or output device used to do the
following:
a) To output audio - Speaker or Headphones
b) To enter textual data - Keyboard
c) To make hard copy of a text file - Printer
d) To display the data or information - Monitor
e) To enter audio-based command - Microphone
f) To build 3D models - 3D Mouse or 3D Scanner
g) To assist a visually-impaired individual in entering
data - Voice search or Speech Recognition
14. Identify the category (system, application,
programming tool) of the following software:
a) Compiler : Programming Tool
b) Assembler : Programming Tool
c) Ubuntu : System Software
d) Text editor : Application Software
(because it is used for particular text)